Showing papers on "Test data published in 1986"

Axiomatizing software test data adequacy

Abstract: A test data adequacy criterion is a set of rules used to determine whether or not sufficient testing has been performed. A general axiomatic theory of test data adequacy is developed, and five previously proposed adequacy criteria are examined to see which of the axioms are satisfied. It is shown that the axioms are consistent, but that only two of the criteria satisfy all of the axioms.

Built-in self-test system for VLSI circuit chips

Abstract: An improved built-in self-test system (10) fabricated on an LSI logic chip (12) for performing dynamic tests of main logic function (14) operation. The built-in self-test system (10) includes a control register (32) comprising a series of static flip-flops (150) connected for serial test data transfer and for producing test system control signals. An input shift register (36) connected for serial test data transfer with the control register (32) and for parallel test data transfer with the main logic function (14) is formed by a series arrangement of static flip-flops. An output register (38) connected for serial test data transfer with the input register (36) and for parallel test data transfer with the main logic function (14), is formed by a series arrangement of static flip-flops (182). A test clock enable signal is latched by a test clock enable latch (78), and gated with a system clock signal to produce input and out put register clock signals. A test strobe signal is latched by a test strobe latch (76) and strobed by a flip-flop (80) for use as a control register enable signal. The latched test strobe signal and the latched test clock enable signal are gated with the system clock signal for use as a control register clock signal. A test data output multiplexer (40) decodes a test data select signal produced by the control register and supplies test data represented thereby to a test data output pin (60).

Analysis and Tests of Flexibly Connected Steel Frames

Abstract: This study is intended to provide experimental verification of the validity of analytical methods for the prediction of the response to loads of flexibly connected steel frames. To this end, test data are provided for the behavior of one particular connection type. These data are formulated for incorporation in a displacement matrix analysis, which is then used to predict the response to load of flexibly connected, statically indeterminate steel frames. This predicted behavior is then compared to measured moments, joint rotations, and deflections of loaded frames. It is concluded on the basis of these limited test data that the method is well able to predict frame response to load cycles, that linearly elastic analysis is sufficient to predict frame behavior under service conditions, and that these frames tend to shake down to their elastic state under high load cycles.

Method and apparatus for determining and detecting data indicative of the condition of machines through a unique data probe including a test data probe portion and an identifying data sensing probe portion

Abstract: A measuring instrument for determining and evaluating data representative of the condition of a machine provided with measuring points is provided with a test data probe, incorporating a test data receiver and an evaluation circuit with memory for picking up and evaluating the test data received from the relevant measuring points, and with an identifying data sensing probe incorporating a sensing unit for sensing identifying data at the measuring points. The memory includes storage positions for data specific to the measuring points which are activated by the corresponding identifying data from the measuring points. The test data probe and the identifying data sensing probe are provided in a common housing. Within the common housing there is a measuring chamber which is open towards the forward end of the measuring head of the instrument, the chamber accommodating a machine-side data transfer component which is also the carrier for the identifying data specific to the measuring points. The identifying data sensing unit is arranged at the side of the measuring chamber, seen in the direction of placement of the measuring instrument, and is movable along the identifying data of the identifying data carrier.

Accumulator Compression Testing

Abstract: A new test data reduction technique called accumulator compression testng (ACT) is proposed ACT is an extension of syndrome testing It is shown that the enumeration of errors missed by ACT for a unit under test is equivalent to the number of restricted partitions of a number Asymptotic results are obtained for independent and dependent error modes Comparison is made between signature analysis (SA) and ACT Theoretical results indicate that with ACT a better control over fault coverage can be obtained than with SA Experimental results are supportive of this indication Built-in self test for processor environments may be feasible with ACT However, for general VLSI circuits the complexity of ACT may be a problem as an adder is necessary

Spent Fuel Test-Climax: An evaluation of the technical feasibility of geologic storage of spent nuclear fuel in granite: Final report

Abstract: In the Climax stock granite on the Nevada Test Site, eleven canisters of spent nuclear reactor fuel were emplaced, and six electrical simulators were energized. When test data indicated that the test objectives were met during the 3-year storage phase, the spent-fuel canisters were retrieved and the thermal sources were de-energized. The project demonstrated the feasibility of packaging, transporting, storing, and retrieving highly radioactive fuel assemblies in a safe and reliable manner. In addition to emplacement and retrieval operations, three exchanges of spent-fuel assemblies between the SFT-C and a surface storage facility, conducted during the storage phase, furthered this demonstration. The test led to development of a technical measurements program. To meet these objectives, nearly 1000 instruments and a computer-based data acquisition system were deployed. Geotechnical, seismological, and test status data were recorded on a continuing basis for the three-year storage phase and six-month monitored cool-down of the test. This report summarizes the engineering and scientific endeavors which led to successful design and execution of the test. The design, fabrication, and construction of all facilities and handling systems are discussed, in the context of test objectives and a safety assessment. The discussion progresses from site characterization and experiment design through data acquisition and analysis of test data in the context of design calculations. 117 refs., 52 figs., 81 tabs.

Self‐Boring Pressuremeter Tests In Soft Clay

Abstract: The basic objective of a self-boring pressuremeter (SBPM) test is to insert a cylindrical probe into the ground with a minimum of disturbance and expand the membrane covering the probe so as to load the soil to failure. The test data from the expansion phase allows the determination of lateral earth pressure, shear strength, stress-strain behavior, and, in some cases, coefficient of consolidation. In spite of its considerable potential, as more investigators have utilized the SBPM, inconsistencies have been reported in the test results. To help resolve some of the uncertainties, 32 SBPM tests were conducted in soft San Francisco Bay mud wherein key parameters were varied one at a time to isolate their influence. The parameters considered included: expansion rate, cutter position, cutting rate, and cutting shoe dimension. Furthermore, a micro-computer data acquisition system and loading technique were developed that allowed the test to be carried out automatically while recording a high density of data. The results of this study indicate that disturbance is the factor that has the greatest influence on the interpreted results from the SBPM test.

Space and frequency-multiplexed optical linear algebra processor - Fabrication and initial tests

Abstract: A new optical linear algebra processor architecture is described. Space and frequency-multiplexing are used to accommodate bipolar and complex-valued data. A fabricated laboratory version of this processor is described, the electronic support system used is discussed, and initial test data obtained on it are presented.

Forecasting reliability growth

Abstract: This paper describes a method for estimating and forecasting reliability from attribute data, using the binomial model, when reliability requirements are very high and test data are limited. Integer data—specifically, numbers of failures — are converted into non-integer data. The rationale is that when engineering corrective action for a failure is implemented, the probability of recurrence of that failure is reduced; therefore, such failures should not be carried as full failures in subsequent reliability estimates. The reduced failure value for each failure mode is the upper limit on the probability of failure based on the number of successes after engineering corrective action has been implemented. Each failure value is less than one and diminishes as test programme successes continue. These numbers replace the integral numbers (of failures) in the binomial estimate. This method of reliability estimation was applied to attribute data from the life history of a previously tested system, and a reliability growth equation was fitted. It was then ‘calibrated’ for a current similar system's ultimate reliability requirements to provide a model for reliability growth over its entire life-cycle. By comparing current estimates of reliability with the expected value computed from the model, the forecast was obtained by extrapolation.

Numerical Simulation of SEU Induced Latch-Up

Abstract: The PISCES-II device analysis program has been modified to perform two-dimensional SEU induced latch-up simulations. The results of the simulations have been compared to cyclotron test data taken on a custom test chip. The comparison indicates that the simulations are accurate for light ions. A description of the latch-up process is also given.

Performance of LANDSAT-5 TM data in land-cover classification†

Abstract: An experimental analysis has been conducted on the performance of the new LANDSAT-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) data for detailed land-cover classification using a maximum-likelihood method. Data used is the TM test data of the Tokyo metropolitan area (path-107, row-035) of 4 November, 1984. Map-precision geometric correction is performed and TM data are resampled to 30 m pixel spacing. The experiment is designed to determine how well TM categories land-cover types in comparison with the Detailed Numerical Information digitally formatted data (Geographical Survey Institute of Japan, 10 m spatial accuracy), together with ground truth data in a representative test area. Classification accuracy for aggregated 12 categories within the test area is about 47 per cent with the application of the explicit filtering technique utilizing 3×3 neighbourhood operations. This increases to 70 per cent using a majority logic filter with a larger 5×5 neighbourhood function. Associated with the classification accuracy, ...

A Test of the Gaussian-ness of a Data Set Using Clustering

Abstract: The properties of the ``magnifying glass'' method of clustering are discussed. These properties, which include unbiased and consistent estimation of the mean for Gaussian distributions and biased and inconsistent estimation of the mean for non-Gaussian distributions, lead to the development of a technique for testing data to determine whether or not it is Gaussian. An example of a non-Gaussian distribution is given to show the sensitivity of the proposed Gaussian test.

Nonlinear sensitivity coefficients and corrections in system identification

Abstract: The evaluation of sensitivity coefficients which are the changes in the eigencharacteristics with respect to changes in the structural parameters is important in the identification of structural systems. In such studies the commonly used linearized sensitivity coefficients for system identification have occasionally resulted in poor convergence or even divergence during the iteration process to update analytical models for better correlation with the test data. Nonlinear sensitivity coefficients and nonlinear correction terms, usually eliminated during the linearization process, have been developed to evaluate sensitivity coefficients of linear systems. Application to computer simulated example problems indicates a more rapid and stable convergence of the iteration processes to update the analytical model for the improvement of the correlation with test data. The successful application of combining the nonlinear sensitivity coefficients and nonlinear correction terms with the Multiple Boundary Condition Tests enhances the ability to validate large space structures by ground tests.

Analysis of Design Tradeoffs for Passively Damped Structural Joints

Abstract: An innovative means to enhance the inherent damping in structures is provided by the designed-in incorporation of viscoelastic materials in joints. The joints, as envisioned, are double-lap shear joints that dissipate energy when worked in an axial direction. To better understand the relationship between structural stiffness and structural damping as a function of important physical parameters, a one-dimensional analysis of a typical joint was developed. A quasistatic analytical model based on the complex modulus description of viscoelastic behavior is utilized. Potential applications to parametric studies, preliminary design, and experimental data analysis are illustrated. The predictions correlate well with expected physical behavior, simplified approximate models, and available test data.

Seismic fragility of nuclear power plant components (Phase II)

Abstract: As part of the Component Fragility Program which was initiated in FY 1985, three additional equipment classes have been evaluated. This report contains the fragility results and discussions on these equipment classes which are switchgear, I and C panels and relays. Both low and medium voltage switchgear assemblies have been considered and a separate fragility estimate for each type is provided. Test data on cabinets from the nuclear instrumentation/neutron monitoring system, plant/process protection system, solid state protective system and engineered safeguards test system comprise the BNL data base for I and C panels (NSSS). Fragility levels have been determined for various failure modes of switchgear and I C panels, and the deterministic results are presented in terms of test response spectra. In addition, the test data have been evaluated for estimating the respective probabilistic fragility levels which are expressed in terms of a median value, an uncertainty coefficient, a randomness coefficient and an HCLPF value. Due to a wide variation of relay design and the fragility level, a generic fragility level cannot be established for relays. 7 refs., 13 figs., 12 tabs.

A Delay Test System for High Speed Logic LSI's

Abstract: This paper presents a delay test system which detects the delay faults located in LSI chips. Fault model and the measure of fault coverage are defined. This system features easy to use operation for providing the test data, including fail safe design to violation of scan design rule, quick turn around time for test data generation, and consideration for delay fault analysis. The delay test is applied to the LSIs for M-68X series computers and justified its effectiveness to assure computer system's maximum performance.

Do test methods yield meaningful performance specifications

Abstract: There is an urgent need for standards to evaluate the protection against intense heat afforded by textile materials. But there is equally a need to look carefully at where and how they should be applied. In most intense heat exposure accidents in which fires or explosions are involved, the bulk of the energy incident on the victim is in the form of radiant heat. Convective heat tests are subject to a number of problems that create uncertainty in the interpretation of test data, and in many instances, high-intensity radiation tests would provide the information required. The performance requirements for each application should be carefully considered. In some occupations, it is more important that other risks, such as heat exhaustion, be given higher priority in the setting of garment performance requirements. Protective clothing can reduce the risk of injury but cannot guard against all hazards. Where the test exposure exceeds about 10 kW/m 2 , a mandatory pass-fail screening, consisting of a simple mechanical rigidity assessment following exposure, should be included. This eliminates materials that maintain a rigid char until the moment deformation is applied. It is important not to misinterpret test results. Test methods are essentially a means of ranking performance, whereby the heat transfer of materials can be compared under similar conditions, and a measure of the degradation obtained under those conditions. They ought not to be regarded as duplicating real-life exposures.

Internal stability of granular filters:' Discussion

Abstract: The authors have carried out a detailed and most interesting examination of the internal stability of granular materials when they are subjected to seepage forces and vibration. On the basis of their test data, which demonstrate that seepage flows in certain coarsely graded filter materials tend to wash "fines" through the coarse fraction of the material, they propose criteria to evaluate such potentially unstable gradations. From the data, these criteria in themselves appear logical but, as the authors state, "are nevertheless disquieting" in that they imply that many existing dams could have filters that are potentially unstable. This implication is so important that it must be examined most critically.

Modular organized storage tester

Abstract: A tester of circuit devices is disclosed which uses commercially available component parts but is capable of high performance testing of hierarchical memory cards requiring data pulses of variable pulse widths at high repetition rates. The tester includes two memories connected to respective shift registers which in turn, feed a multiplexer. The memories handle test timing patterns for respective halves of the basic clock test cycle and are interleaved in operation along with the shift registers. Two opposite-phased outputs of the multiplexer are applied through respective programmable delay networks and pulse generators to the set and reset inputs of a trigger circuit. The trigger circuit provides test data to a dedicated input pin of the device under test.

Psychoeducational Assessment of Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups: Professional Implications

Abstract: The authors address the consumer's need for more information by describing a framework for integrating test data when it applies to minority children and their families. Test bias has a long history; the progression to nonbiased assessment includes legal decisions and guidelines, further training and education for professionals who test, and greater awareness of issues for all consumers of test data.

Apparatus for reducing test data storage requirements for high speed VLSI circuit testing

Abstract: Apparatus for applying for a plurality of test cycles data specifying a plurality of test conditions to a multiple pin electronic circuit. A random access memory includes at a plurality of higher order addresses a complete data field for a plurality of test cycles. Some of said data fields include an operational code indicating that a minority of data bits in a field are to change in a consecutive number of following test cycles. A hold register is connected to receive each addressed row of test data from the memory. The higher order addresses of a memory addressed to produce complete data fields in the hold register. An operational code will be decoded to indicate a number of subsequent consecutive test cycles where a minority of data in the hold register are to be changed. The lower order addresses of the memory are subsequently addressed for a number of consecutive test cycles indicated by the operational code. The data contained in the lower order memory addresses is inserted in the hold register without changing the contents of a majority of hold register data bits.

An approach to tree-classifier design based on hierarchical clustering

Abstract: The tree classifier has proved to be an effective method of statistical pattern classification, but the designing of the tree structure is not usually easy. In this paper, a new design approach based on hierarchical clustering is proposed. The design principle and the algorithm of the method, as well as the experimental results for both test data and remote-sensing data, are discussed. The design process of the method is simple and the performance of the classifier designed by the method has been proved to be satisfactory.

Digital subscriber line supervisory system

Abstract: PURPOSE: To supervise normality at any point of time by providing a test data generating section and a check section respectively to a network terminal equipment 1 applying line termination of a digital subscriber line and a station-side terminal equipment 2, sending test data mutually for checking. CONSTITUTION: Test data generating section s 6, 7 generating test data of different patterns and check sections 8, 9 are provided respectively to the network terminal equipment of the terminal equipment 5 and the station-side terminal equipment 2 of the exchange 4 connected mutually by the digital subscriber line 3. Then a test data is sent from the test data generating sections 6, 7 at a prescribed period or communication start, the test data sent from the network terminal equipment 1 is checked by the check section 9 of the station-side terminal equipment 2 and the test data sent from the station-side terminal equipment is checked by the check section 8 of the equipment 1. Or the test data looped back by an opposite equipment is checked to supervise the normality of the network terminal equipment 1, the station side terminal equipment 2 and the digital subscriberline 3. COPYRIGHT: (C)1987,JPO&Japio