Showing papers on "Turbinaria ornata published in 2020"
TL;DR: Testing experimentally the differential thermal tolerance between algae and coral species from the Red Sea through the measurement of thermal performance curves and the assessment of thermal limits indicates a proliferation of algae might be expected on Red Sea coral reefs with future ocean warming.
Abstract: Marine heatwaves can lead to rapid changes in entire communities, including in the case of shallow coral reefs the potential overgrowth of algae. Here we tested experimentally the differential thermal tolerance between algae and coral species from the Red Sea through the measurement of thermal performance curves and the assessment of thermal limits. Differences across functional groups (algae vs. corals) were apparent for two key thermal performance metrics. First, two reef-associated algae species (Halimeda tuna and Turbinaria ornata) had higher lethal thermal limits than two coral species (Pocillopora verrucosa and Stylophora pistillata) conferring those species of algae with a clear advantage during heatwaves by surpassing the thermal threshold of coral survival. Second, the coral species had generally greater deactivation energies for net and gross primary production rates compared to the algae species, indicating greater thermal sensitivity in corals once the optimum temperature is exceeded. Our field surveys in the Red Sea reefs before and after the marine heatwave of 2015 show a change in benthic cover mainly in the southern reefs, where there was a decrease in coral cover and a concomitant increase in algae abundance, mainly turf algae. Our laboratory and field observations indicate that a proliferation of algae might be expected on Red Sea coral reefs with future ocean warming.
43 citations
31 Mar 2020
16 citations
TL;DR: It can be concluded that PS isolated from Turbinaria ornata collected from the Southeast Coast of India exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential probably mediated by the sulfated polysaccharide containing glucopyranose and fucopyrAnose moieties.
15 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that the T. ornata and U. reticulata derived SLF could be an effective alternative to chemical fertilizers and warrant further research to investigate its possible use on field.
Abstract: In the current study, Seaweed Liquid Fertilizer (SLF) prepared from the combination of two marine algae namely Turbinaria ornata and Ulva reticulata, was investigated on Raphanus sativus (Radish), Phaseolus vulgaris (Green Pea) and Vigna radiata (Mung). The potentiality was evaluated on the basis of seed germination, plant growth and various biochemical criterions in comparison with chemical fertilizer and plants without any supplement. The seeds of V. radiata, P. vulgaris, and R. sativus were supplemented with 5 different SLF concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%) and allowed for germination. Seeds of all the plants showed 100% germination with both 80% and 100% SLF concentrations. It has been observed that 100% SLF treated plants was very effective in enhancing growth rate followed by 80% SLF. The root and shoot length, protein, amino acid, amino acid, carbohydrate and phenol concentration of the plants were found to be maximal at 100% SLF. Among the three plants, P. vulgaris has shown remarkable growth and yield followed by R. sativus and V. radiata. Additionally, the SLF also displayed antagonistic activity against plant phytopathogens such as Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, Sclerotium rolfsii and Alternaria solani. The GC-MS analysis of SLF indicated the presence of several bioactive compounds such as cyclopentasiloxane tetradeca-methyl, 3-acetonylcyclopentanone, etc. which are known for its role in plant growth and antifungal activity. The results suggest that the T. ornata and U. reticulata derived SLF could be an effective alternative to chemical fertilizers and warrant further research to investigate its possible use on field.
10 citations
TL;DR: Sulfoquinovosylmonoacylglycerols regulating intestinal inflammation in co-culture system from the brown alga Turbinaria ornata is described.
Abstract: Copyright © 2020 The Korean Society of Phycology 201 http://e-algae.org pISSN: 1226-2617 eISSN: 2093-0860 Sulfoquinovosylmonoacylglycerols regulating intestinal inflammation in co-culture system from the brown alga Turbinaria ornata Seon Min Lee, Na-Hyun Kim, Yeong Kwang Ji, Yun Na Kim, You-Jin Jeon, Jeong Doo Heo, Eun Ju Jeong and Jung-Rae Rho* Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Munsan 5834, Korea Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Korea Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
8 citations
TL;DR: Varying multiple traits between flow regimes suggested that T. ornata is capable of surviving a wide range of flow conditions, which may permit more control over the timing of its weakening, breakage from the substratum, and dispersal, even with future increases in flow velocities.
Abstract: Water motion in coastal areas can produce hydrodynamic forces that damage or dislodge benthic macroalgae if the tissues of macroalgae are not sufficiently strong. Some macroalgae vary their morphology and strength in response to ambient water motion, but little is known of how morphology and strength of macroalgae change relative to one another across flow regimes. Here, we use Turbinaria ornata, an ecologically important macroalga, to study how both the morphology and strength of macroalgae vary with ambient water motion. Typically, T. ornata exhibits weakening of its stipe when sexually mature, leading to breakage from the substratum and dispersal, which is beneficial for reproduction. Across three flow regimes, adult T. ornata increased its size but decreased its strength as water motion decreased. However, the strength of T. ornata relative to the maximum hydrodynamic forces it is expected to encounter (the environmental safety factor) did not differ between flow regimes. Our results showed that T. ornata can conform to its local flow habitat by varying both size and strength, similar to other macroalgae. Varying multiple traits between flow regimes suggested that T. ornata is capable of surviving a wide range of flow conditions, which may permit more control over the timing of its weakening, breakage from the substratum, and dispersal, even with future increases in flow velocities (e.g., large waves from storms) that are expected to occur frequently with climate change.
5 citations
TL;DR: ICP-OES analysis of gills, liver and brain demonstrated that L-AgNPs and C- AgNPs revelation for 14 days resulted in enhanced silver uptake compared to fish treated with control, a plausible symbol for oxidative stress in zebrafish.
Abstract: Silver nanoparticles synthesized using laminarin from Turbinaria ornata were subjected to acute toxicity in adult zebrafish. LC50 concentration of L-AgNPs and C-AgNPs at 96 h was noted to be 25.22 and 19.93 mg/L. To find out the fundamental toxicity mechanisms of L-AgNPs and C-AgNPs, the half of LC50 concentration 12.61 and 9.96 mg/L was exposed to adult zebrafish for 14 days respectively. There are no cytological changes in L-AgNPs whereas cytological changes were observed in gills, brain and liver tissues of C-AgNPs. The results concluded a plausible symbol for oxidative stress in zebrafish. The activities of antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were decreased significantly in the C-AgNPs exposed while L-AgNPs showed no significant difference when compared to control. ICP-OES analysis of gills, liver and brain demonstrated that L-AgNPs and C-AgNPs revelation for 14 days resulted in enhanced silver uptake compared to fish treated with control are discussed in detail.
5 citations
TL;DR: It was suggested that the T. ornata extract as a promising anti-bacterial agent for multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa has more anti-oxidant activity.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to investigate the presence of major chemical components in seaweed extracts by using of FTIR and to explore the antibacterial and in vitro anti-inflammatory properties of ethanolic extracts of nine different seaweeds collected from the Ramewaram coastal region.
Abstract: The present study was intended to investigate the presence of major chemical components in seaweed extracts by using of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and to explore the antibacterial and in vitro anti-inflammatory (membrane stability) properties of ethanolic extracts of nine different seaweeds collected from the Ramewaram coastal region. Total flavonoid content (TFC) and total tannin content (TTC) of ethanolic extracts were determined using spectrometric method. Antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts was tested against six bacterial strains using the disc diffusion method. Study of the preliminary anti-inflammatory activity of seaweed extracts was performed by the HRBC membrane stabilization method. Turbinaria ornata shows the highest TFC and TTC among all the studied seaweed species. Significant differences were observed in anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extracts from various seaweeds investigated using the human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization method. HRBC membrane stabilization activity of ethanolic extracts of seaweeds exhibited dose dependency and increased with increasing concentration of the extract. Ethanolic extract of T. ornata had the strongest growth inhibition against Proteus mirabilis. FTIR spectroscopy analysis of three seaweeds provided a detailed report of major functional constituents and chemical components. It can be concluded that seaweeds are rich in polyphenols to which acquire potent antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity. Seaweed extracts are a major breakthrough for pharmaceutical application.
3 citations
TL;DR: It is found that higher levels of mechanical strength for tropical fucoids is associated with higher biomass or thallus thickness, and negative correlations betweenThallus toughness and productivity were found indicating structural and physiological trade‐offs.
Abstract: Thallus mechanical strength, as well as production of secondary metabolites as defensive compounds, of tropical macroalgae is often essential for protection from herbivory. In tropical macroalgae, thallus mechanical strength is negatively correlated with productivity — a trade‐off between productivity and thallus toughness. The tropical fucoids, Turbinaria ornata which has defensive morphological traits against herbivory and Sargassum ilicifolium which is expanding its distribution in Japanese waters, were examined to determine thallus traits related to mechanical strength and productivity and their pair‐wise relationships were also examined. These traits that are directly or indirectly related to the trade‐off between productivity and thallus toughness were compared to data for various other temperate macroalgae by regression analyses. We found two strong positive correlations between thallus mechanical strength and thallus mass or thallus thickness, confirming that higher levels of mechanical strength for tropical fucoids is associated with higher biomass or thallus thickness. Also, negative correlations between thallus toughness and productivity were found indicating structural and physiological trade‐offs. However, the tropical fucoids exhibited relatively high productivity regardless of their higher level of thallus toughness. These traits of the tropical fucoids slightly deviate from the typical conservative strategy with higher thallus toughness and lower productivity as a trade‐off between productivity and thallus toughness.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the content, viscosity, and major functional groups of the native alginates extracted from 4 alginophytes collected from the Red Sea coast of Sudan in order to evaluate the quality of the polymer for potential applications were investigated.
Abstract: The objective of this investigation was to investigate the content, viscosity, and major functional groups of the native alginates extracted from 4 alginophytes collected from the Red Sea coast of Sudan in order to evaluate the quality of the polymer for potential applications. The content of the polymer ranged from 7.99±2.60% to 19.1±1.62% based on dry weight in the 4 seaweeds. The peak characteristics of the major functional groups of alginates were identified between 3469.70 cm -1 to 451.31 cm -1 . These peaks specify the presence of hydroxyl (OH), carbonyl (C=O), and carboxyl (COOH) groups, respectively. The M/G ratios of the alginate extracted from the Sudanese brown macroalgae are ≤ 1 indicating that the proportion of guluronic acid is slightly greater than the mannuronic acid. The alginate with highest viscosity was that of Padina pavonica (Linnaeus) Thivy (190.7±1.14 mPa.s) followed by Dictyota dichotoma (Hudson) J.V.Lamouroux (146.96±1.2 mPa.s), Turbinaria ornata (Turner) J.Agardh (140.1±1.14 mPa.s), and Hormophysa cuneiformis (J.F.Gmelin) P.C.Silva (109±0.6 mPa.s). The values of the parameters of the native alginates extracted from the Sudanese macroalgae are comparatively in conformity with values reported for some species from similar geographical regions. These values indicated that the present biopolymer is of a potential with regard to pharmaceutical and industrial applications.
TL;DR: Mapping the resilience of coral recruits in the Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere Reserve, India showed that sedimentation, macroalgae, and temperature variability were the factors playing a major role among different sites.