Christian Mølgaard

TL;DR: Vitamin D deficiency is evident throughout the European population at prevalence rates that are concerning and that require action from a public health perspective, and what direction these strategies take will depend on European policy.

TL;DR: All infants should receive iron-rich CF including meat products and/or iron-fortified foods and no sugar or salt should be added to CF and fruit juices or sugar-sweetened beverages should be avoided.

TL;DR: It was found that significant changes in the gut microbiota occurred, particularly from age 9 to 18 months, when cessation of breastfeeding and introduction of a complementary feeding induce replacement of a microbiota characterized by lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, and Enterobacteriaceae with a microbiota dominated by Clostridium spp.

TL;DR: There is insufficient evidence from interventional studies to support vitamin D supplementation for other health benefits in infants, children, and adolescents, and national authorities should adopt policies aimed at improving vitamin D status using measures such as dietary recommendations, food fortification, vitamin D supplements, and judicious sun exposure, depending on local circumstances.

TL;DR: It is proposed that bone mineralisation is assessed in three steps: height for age, bone area for height, and BMC for bone area, which correspond to three different causes of reduced bone mass: short bones, narrow bones, and light bones.