Daniela Vecchio

TL;DR: Antioxidant defenses against ROS in microbial cells and the use of ROS by antimicrobial host defense systems are covered and reactive nitrogen species and related therapeutics, such as acidified nitrite and nitric oxide-releasing nanoparticles are covered.

TL;DR: Low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) is a fast-growing technology used to treat a multitude of conditions that require stimulation of healing, relief of pain and inflammation, and restoration of function.

TL;DR: Photodynamic therapy is the combination of non-toxic photosensitizing dyes with harmless visible light that together produce abundant destructive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and has good specificity for binding to microbial cells while sparing host mammalian cells and can be used for treating many localized infections.

TL;DR: The ethanol-induced lipid peroxidation has been evaluated, and it has been shown that plasma F2-isoprostanes are increased in ethanol toxicity.

TL;DR: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as discussed by the authors involves the combination of a nontoxic dye and low-intensity visible light which produces cytotoxic reactive oxygen species.