There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/685594/file/1130605.pdf

Review of Particle Physics

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has developed rapidly since its first realisation in medicine and is currently an emerging technology in the diagnosis of skin disease. OCT is an interferometric technique that detects reflected and backscattered light from tissue and is often described as the optical analogue to ultrasound. The inherent safety of the technology allows for in vivo use of OCT in patients. The main strength of OCT is the depth resolution. In dermatology, most OCT research has turned on non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and non-invasive monitoring of morphological changes in a number of skin diseases based on pattern recognition, and studies have found good agreement between OCT images and histopathological architecture. OCT has shown high accuracy in distinguishing lesions from normal skin, which is of great importance in identifying tumour borders or residual neoplastic tissue after therapy. The OCT images provide an advantageous combination of resolution and penetration depth, but specific studies of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in dermatology are sparse. In order to improve OCT image quality and expand the potential of OCT, technical developments are necessary. It is suggested that the technology will be of particular interest to the routine follow-up of patients undergoing non-invasive therapy of malignant or premalignant keratinocyte tumours. It is speculated that the continued technological development can propel the method to a greater level of dermatological use.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/bfm%3A978-3-319-06419-2%2F1.pdf

Optical Coherence Tomography

Structural Equations with Latent Variables.

Response to Benralizumab After Sub-Optimal Response to Mepolizumab in Oral Corticosteroid Dependent Severe Eosinophilic Asthma

A method of multipassing a Fabry-Perot interferometer is described. The equations governing the optimum choice of instrumental parameters are displayed and the method is described in detail for a five-pass system. The alignment procedure is greatly facilitated by the use of corner cubes cut or drilled to permit triple-passing, but does not rely on this. Spectra obtained from opaque samples are shown and compared with the same spectra taken with a three-pass instrument.

A method of multipassing a Fabry-Perot interferometer

Eosinophilic asthma

Coupled transcription and translation in discrete ‘factories’ within mammalian nuclei

In the power generation industry it is important to measure the amplitude, frequency and phase of the generated currents in electricity distribution networks. This measurement is required for fiscal reasons and also to establish if there are faults in the network. The conventional method of current measurement is based upon a 'current transformer' which is deployed around the current carrying wire commonly termed a 'bus bar'. As the bus bar is normally at very high potential, for example, 440,000 volts, insulation between the current transformers secondary and the permeable core which surround the bus bar must be extremely high as the signals generated by the current transformer are monitored in the central control unit of the power station. Hence the current transformer is both large and extremely expensive. Although considerable effort has been devoted to the development of optical fibre current sensors based upon the Faraday effect, the performance of these sensors is often limited by problems associated with bend-induced birefringence, temperature and wavelength sensitivity of the Verdet constant and the high sensitivity to vibrational noise [1].

David A. Jackson

Papers

Response to Benralizumab After Sub-Optimal Response to Mepolizumab in Oral Corticosteroid Dependent Severe Eosinophilic Asthma

A method of multipassing a Fabry-Perot interferometer

Eosinophilic asthma

Coupled transcription and translation in discrete ‘factories’ within mammalian nuclei

Three Phase Current Measurement Using A Hybrid Current Sensing Technique