Showing papers by "Elizabeth A. Ainsbury published in 2011"
Health Protection Agency1, Autonomous University of Barcelona2, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare3, University of Palermo4, Leiden University5, Istituto Superiore di Sanità6, Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire7, Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority8, Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority9, Ghent University10, Stockholm University11
TL;DR: In this article, established and emerging dosimetry methods are reviewed, which can be used immediately and retrospectively following external ionising radiation exposure, and individual characteristics of these techniques, their limitations and potential for further development are discussed, and their usefulness in specific exposure scenarios is discussed.
Abstract: The current focus on networking and mutual assistance in the management of radiation accidents or incidents has demonstrated the importance of a joined-up approach in physical and biological dosimetry. To this end, the European Radiation Dosimetry Working Group 10 on 'Retrospective Dosimetry' has been set up by individuals from a wide range of disciplines across Europe. Here, established and emerging dosimetry methods are reviewed, which can be used immediately and retrospectively following external ionising radiation exposure. Endpoints and assays include dicentrics, translocations, premature chromosome condensation, micronuclei, somatic mutations, gene expression, electron paramagnetic resonance, thermoluminescence, optically stimulated luminescence, neutron activation, haematology, protein biomarkers and analytical dose reconstruction. Individual characteristics of these techniques, their limitations and potential for further development are reviewed, and their usefulness in specific exposure scenarios is discussed. Whilst no single technique fulfils the criteria of an ideal dosemeter, an integrated approach using multiple techniques tailored to the exposure scenario can cover most requirements.
233 citations
01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, established and emerging dosimetry methods are reviewed, which can be used immediately and retrospectively following external ionising radiation exposure, and individual characteristics of these techniques, their limitations and potential for further development are discussed, and their usefulness in specific exposure scenarios is discussed.
Abstract: The current focus on networking and mutual assistance in the management of radiation accidents or incidents has demonstrated the importance of a joined-up approach in physical and biological dosimetry. To this end, the European Radiation Dosimetry Working Group 10 on 'Retrospective Dosimetry' has been set up by individuals from a wide range of disciplines across Europe. Here, established and emerging dosimetry methods are reviewed, which can be used immediately and retrospectively following external ionising radiation exposure. Endpoints and assays include dicentrics, translocations, premature chromosome condensation, micronuclei, somatic mutations, gene expression, electron paramagnetic resonance, thermoluminescence, optically stimulated luminescence, neutron activation, haematology, protein biomarkers and analytical dose reconstruction. Individual characteristics of these techniques, their limitations and potential for further development are reviewed, and their usefulness in specific exposure scenarios is discussed. Whilst no single technique fulfils the criteria of an ideal dosemeter, an integrated approach using multiple techniques tailored to the exposure scenario can cover most requirements.
29 citations
TL;DR: A global IT network/infrastructure is needed to serve the needs of an expanding biodosimetry community and should be given high priority to meet the growing threat of radiological and nuclear terrorism.
23 citations
TL;DR: The semi-automated micronucleus-centromere assay combines high-speed MN analysis with a more accurate assessment in the low-dose range which makes it of special interest for large-scale radiation applications.
Abstract: Purpose: The in vitro micronucleus (MN) assay is a reliable method to assess radiation-induced chromosomal damage in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. It is used to evaluate in vivo radiation ove...
23 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a portable microfluidic fluorescence spectrometer device is described, which passes a suspension of γ-H2AX immunofluorescence-stained lymphocytes through a focused 488 nm laser beam and records emission spectra over the range 495-725 nm.
16 citations
TL;DR: X-ray or fission neutron irradiation results in strongly enhanced tumour multiplicities and LOH in intestinal tumours from neutron-exposed mice appeared to be more complex than previously reported for tumours for X-irradiated mice.
Abstract: Purpose: To compare the development of intestinal adenomas following neutron and X-ray exposure of ApcMin/+ mice (Apc – adenomatous polyposis coli; Min – multiple intestinal neoplasia).Materials and methods: Adult mice were exposed to acute doses of X-rays or fission neutrons. Tumour counting was undertaken 200 days later and samples were taken for Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) analysis.Results: Tumour numbers (adenomas and microadenomas) increased by 1.4-fold, 1.7-fold, 2.7-fold and 9-fold, after 0.5, 1, 2 and 5 Gy X-rays, respectively, and by 2.4-fold and 5.7-fold, after 0.5 and 1 Gy fission neutrons, respectively. LOH analysis of tumours from neutron-exposed mice showed that 63% had lost Apc and 90% (cf. 53% in controls) had lost D18mit84, a marker for Epb4.1l4a/NBL4 (erythrocyte protein band 4.1-like 4a/novel band 4.1-like 4), known to be involved in the Wnt (wingless-related mouse mammary tumour virus integration site) pathway. Some tumours from neutron-exposed mice appeared to have homozygous loss of...
11 citations
TL;DR: An analysis of limitations in the current statistical methods used in biodosimetry was carried out and possible directions for further improvement of the statistical basis of chromosomal dosimetry by specific mathematical procedures are outlined.
9 citations