中国拥有数目庞大、种类繁多的动植物,也有很多珍贵、濒危生物,这些更是异常宝贵的科学资源。DNA条形码技术的出现可以更好的帮助鉴别这些物种,了解其分支来源,甚至可以预知其进化方向。笔者简述了DNA条形码的技术原理与操作步骤及这项技术的产生与发展情况;简要列出了DNA条形码发展过程中的重要进步与研究相对集中的物种;概述了DNA条形码的应用途径及目前DNA条形码研究中存在的主要问题、矛盾、研究思路与发展方向,并对其发展前景做出展望。

国际生命条形码计划—DNA Barcoding

https://scholarworks.utrgv.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1077&context=eems_fac

Past, present, and future perspectives of environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding: A systematic review in methods, monitoring, and applications of global eDNA

Protecting and restoring Europe's waters: An analysis of the future development needs of the Water Framework Directive

Zinger, Lucie; Bonin, Aurélie; Alsos, Inger G; Bálint, Miklós; Bik, Holly; Boyer, Frédéric; Chariton, Anthony A; Creer, Simon; Coissac, Eric; Deagle, Bruce E; De Barba, Marta; Dickie, Ian A; Dumbrell, Alex J; Ficetola, Gentile Francesco; Fierer, Noah; Fumagalli, Luca; Gilbert, M Thomas P; Jarman, Simon; Jumpponen, Ari; Kauserud, Håvard; Orlando, Ludovic; Pansu, Johan; Pawlowski, Jan; Tedersoo, Leho; Thomsen, Philip Francis; Willerslev, Eske; Taberlet, Pierre

/pdf/dna-metabarcoding-need-for-robust-experimental-designs-to-45norc7jt4.pdf

DNA metabarcoding-Need for robust experimental designs to draw sound ecological conclusions.

A decade after environmental scientists integrated high-throughput sequencing technologies in their toolbox, the genomics-based monitoring of anthropogenic impacts on the biodiversity and functioning of ecosystems is yet to be implemented by regulatory frameworks. Despite the broadly acknowledged potential of environmental genomics to this end, technical limitations and conceptual issues still stand in the way of its broad application by end-users. In addition, the multiplicity of potential implementation strategies may contribute to a perception that the routine application of this methodology is premature or "in development", hence restraining regulators from binding these tools into legal frameworks. Here, we review recent implementations of environmental genomics-based methods, applied to the biomonitoring of ecosystems. By taking a general overview, without narrowing our perspective to particular habitats or groups of organisms, this paper aims to compare, review and discuss the strengths and limitations of four general implementation strategies of environmental genomics for monitoring: (a) Taxonomy-based analyses focused on identification of known bioindicators or described taxa; (b) De novo bioindicator analyses; (c) Structural community metrics including inferred ecological networks; and (d) Functional community metrics (metagenomics or metatranscriptomics). We emphasise the utility of the three latter strategies to integrate meiofauna and microorganisms that are not traditionally utilised in biomonitoring because of difficult taxonomic identification. Finally, we propose a roadmap for the implementation of environmental genomics into routine monitoring programmes that leverage recent analytical advancements, while pointing out current limitations and future research needs.

/pdf/ecosystems-monitoring-powered-by-environmental-genomics-a-1611xwxhv0.pdf

Jonas Zimmerman

Papers

The future of biotic indices in the ecogenomic era: Integrating (e)DNA metabarcoding in biological assessment of aquatic ecosystems