I have developed "tennis elbow" from lugging this book around the past four weeks, but it is worth the pain, the effort, and the aspirin. It is also worth the (relatively speaking) bargain price. Including appendixes, this book contains 894 pages of text. The entire panorama of the neural sciences is surveyed and examined, and it is comprehensive in its scope, from genomes to social behaviors. The editors explicitly state that the book is designed as "an introductory text for students of biology, behavior, and medicine," but it is hard to imagine any audience, interested in any fragment of neuroscience at any level of sophistication, that would not enjoy this book. The editors have done a masterful job of weaving together the biologic, the behavioral, and the clinical sciences into a single tapestry in which everyone from the molecular biologist to the practicing psychiatrist can find and appreciate his or

Principles of Neural Science

http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4146684?pdf=render

Cisplatin in cancer therapy: molecular mechanisms of action

羟氨苄青霉素引起大疱性类天疱疮样疹

ROS stress in cancer cells and therapeutic implications.

结节病易误诊,据王洪武等~([1])收集国内18篇关于此病误诊的文献,误诊率高达63.2%,当然有误诊就会有误治,如孙永昌等~([2])报道26例结节病在影像学检查诊断的第一印象中拟诊结核5例,其中就有2例完成规范的抗结核治疗,为此应引起临床对本病诊治的重视。

Sarcoidosis

Estrogen receptor agonists protect against acetaminophen-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of human diseases (Halliwell and Gutteridge, 1989). Increased appreciation of occurence of ROS, their injury potential and pathogenic role in several disease states demands quantitative methods which are diagnostic of the process and meet basic analytical criteria regarding accuracy, reliability, sensitivity and specificity (Halliwell and Grootveld, 1987). However, because of their reactive nature and short half lives, it is hard to quantitate ROS. Instead analyses of secondary or end products produced by their attack on lipids, proteins or other cellular components are preferred. These indirect methods usually give misleading results due to their poor specificity and sensitivity.

Chemiluminescence Measurements for the Detection of Free Radical Species

Goal-directed therapy used in the perioperative period of patients undergoing cardiac surgery shortens the length of ICU stay [1]. We aimed to compare the postoperative results of the liberal and restrictive fluid strategy used in patients undergoing pulmonary resection surgery (PRC).

/pdf/effects-of-the-restrictive-fluid-strategy-on-postoperative-14kt185zxo.pdf

Effects of the restrictive fluid strategy on postoperative pulmonary and renal function following pulmonary resection surgery.

Background/aim: This study was designed to examine the effect of tadalafil, a phosphodiesterase (PDE)5 inhibitor, on the severity of joint and muscle damage in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA). Materials and methods: AA was induced by intradermal inoculation into right hind paw of male Sprague Dawley rats (300-450g) with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA; 0.1 mL). AA rats were treated with either tadalafil (10 mg/kg; per oral) alone or along with the soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ; 10 mg/kg; intraperitoneally). After decapitation on day 16, trunk blood was collected for total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assays. The left metatarsophalangeal joint and gastrocnemius muscle were excised for microscopic examination. Muscle samples were also evaluated in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione, and chemiluminescence (CL) levels. Results: In tadalafil-treated AA rats, metatarsophalangeal joints revealed regular morphology of the cartilage with slight destruction and less inflammatory cell infiltration and vascularization in comparison to the controls (microscopic score: 1.17 ± 0.31 vs. 4.17 ± 0.79; P < 0.01). AA rats presented increased gastrocnemius muscle MDA, glutathione, and CL levels compared to the controls (P < 0.01, for MDA; P < 0.05, for glutathione; P < 0.05 for CL). Tadalafil attenuated the increase in CL levels (P < 0.01, for luminol and P < 0.001, for lucigenin). Serum TOS showed significant reductions by tadalafil. Conclusion: The long-acting PDE5 inhibitor tadalafil provides partial protection in a rat model of CFA-induced arthritis possibly via suppression of oxidant generation.

https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/medical/issues/sag-18-48-3/sag-48-3-27-1704-157.pdf

Effect of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition on joint and muscle damage in rats with adjuvant arthritis

Nitric oxide not only acts as a messenger for different physiological processes, but also mediates neurotoxicity associated with a variety of neurological disorders including epilepsy. The molecular mechanisms behind these actions are unclear. In this study, we aimed to detect relative amounts of NO released from rat hippocampal slices by chemiluminescence measurements under NMDA stimulation and spontaneous depolarization conditions. Hippocampal slices were preferred because of their functional integrity useful in simulating in vivo conditions. The reliability of the system was verified by administering increasing concentrations of a NO donor sodium nitroprusside in different redox milieu and a NO scavenger, carboxy-2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-imidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (carboxy PTIO). The redox versatility of NO allows interconversion from neuroprotective to neurotoxic species by a change in the ambient redox milieu. We have quantitated NO formed under NMDA stimulation and spontaneous depolarization conditions, and showed that depolarization increased NO formation and was excitotoxic for the neural tissue.

/pdf/measurement-of-nitric-oxide-in-hippocampal-slices-induction-16jitb02ig.pdf

Meral Yüksel

Papers

Estrogen receptor agonists protect against acetaminophen-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats

Chemiluminescence Measurements for the Detection of Free Radical Species

Effects of the restrictive fluid strategy on postoperative pulmonary and renal function following pulmonary resection surgery.

Effect of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition on joint and muscle damage in rats with adjuvant arthritis

Measurement of nitric oxide in hippocampal slices: Induction with nitroso compounds and the effect of depolarization