Michael A. Egan

TL;DR: The results indicated that a two-vector pDNA vaccine design elicited the most robust and balanced CMI response and in vivo EP enhanced the immune response against the less immunogenic antigens, resulting in a more balanced immune response.

TL;DR: The high frequency and pattern of viral escape from dominant epitope-specific CTL in SIV gag DNA-vaccinated rhesus monkeys following a heterologous simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) challenge suggest that CTL exert selective pressure on viral replication and that viral Escape from CTL may be a limitation of CTL-based AIDS vaccine strategies.

TL;DR: This report shows that mRNAs containing the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gag open reading frame (ORF) exhibit internal ribosome entry site (IRES) activity that can promote translational initiation of Pr55 gag, and suggests that this low-abundance Gag isoform may be important for wild-type replication of HIV-1 in cultured cells.

TL;DR: It is indicated that a plasmid DNA vaccine can elicit SIV-specific CTL responses in rhesus monkeys, and this vaccine-elicited immunity can facilitate the generation of secondary C TL responses and control of viral replication following a pathogenic SIV challenge.

TL;DR: It is shown that a gp120-CD4 chimeric subunit protein vaccine (full-length single chain) elicits heterologous protection against simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) or simian immuno-SIV acquisition in three independent rhesus macaque repeated low-dose rectal challenge studies with SHIV162P3 or SIVmac251.