Michael Valenzuela

TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantitatively reviewed evidence for the effect of brain reserve on incident dementia and found that higher brain reserve was associated with a lowered risk for incident dementia (summary odds ratio, 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0·49-0·59).

TL;DR: The reserve, resilience, and protective factors professional interest area established a whitepaper workgroup to develop consensus definitions for cognitive reserve, brain reserve, and brain maintenance and evaluated measures that have been used to implement these concepts in research settings and developed guidelines for research that explores or utilizes these concepts.

TL;DR: The evidence that computerized cognitive training improves cognitive skills in older adults with normal cognition is systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed.

TL;DR: This intervention warrants longer-term and larger-scale trials to examine effects on conversion to dementia, as evidence for efficacy in people with dementia is weak and limited to trials of immersive technologies.

TL;DR: The cognitive deficits in VaD and VCI are characterized by disturbance of frontal functions, with less verbal memory impairment, and the brain lesions that best account for these deficits are noninfarct subcortical white matter and gray matter changes due to ischemia.