Ningyi Jin

TL;DR: It is shown that avian influenza A H5N1-infected patients exhibit markedly increased serum levels of angiotensin II, which appears to be linked to the severity and lethality of infection, at least in some patients.

TL;DR: Anti-malaria drug chloroquine is highly effective in treating avian influenza A H5N1 virus infection in an animal model.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the autophagic cell death of alveolar epithelial cells likely plays a crucial role in the high mortality rate of H5N1 infection, and it is suggested that autophagy-blocking agents might be useful as prophylactics and therapeutics against infection of humans by the H 5N1 virus.

TL;DR: Although a wide variation in the ability of the eight strains to deplete cholesterol and nitrite, antagonize pathogens, scavenge free radical, and stimulate innate immune response were observed, the strains CICC 23174 and CGMCC 1.557 exhibited the best probiotic properties with the potential for use in the production of probiotic fermented foods.

TL;DR: A shared mechanism of viral and bacterial lung infection-induced ALI/ARDS is identified via nuclear factor-κB-dependent upregulation of miR-200c-3p to reduce ACE2 levels, which leads increased angiotensin II levels and subsequently causes lung injury.