抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

There is intense interest in graphene in fields such as physics, chemistry, and materials science, among others. Interest in graphene's exceptional physical properties, chemical tunability, and potential for applications has generated thousands of publications and an accelerating pace of research, making review of such research timely. Here is an overview of the synthesis, properties, and applications of graphene and related materials (primarily, graphite oxide and its colloidal suspensions and materials made from them), from a materials science perspective.

/pdf/graphene-and-graphene-oxide-synthesis-properties-and-2q80uaujok.pdf

Graphene and Graphene Oxide: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications

We report a method to form multifunctional polymer coatings through simple dip-coating of objects in an aqueous solution of dopamine. Inspired by the composition of adhesive proteins in mussels, we used dopamine self-polymerization to form thin, surface-adherent polydopamine films onto a wide range of inorganic and organic materials, including noble metals, oxides, polymers, semiconductors, and ceramics. Secondary reactions can be used to create a variety of ad-layers, including self-assembled monolayers through deposition of long-chain molecular building blocks, metal films by electroless metallization, and bioinert and bioactive surfaces via grafting of macromolecules.

/pdf/mussel-inspired-surface-chemistry-for-multifunctional-1noq7vcby7.pdf

Mussel-Inspired Surface Chemistry for Multifunctional Coatings

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Self-assembled monolayers of thiolates on metals as a form of nanotechnology.

I have developed "tennis elbow" from lugging this book around the past four weeks, but it is worth the pain, the effort, and the aspirin. It is also worth the (relatively speaking) bargain price. Including appendixes, this book contains 894 pages of text. The entire panorama of the neural sciences is surveyed and examined, and it is comprehensive in its scope, from genomes to social behaviors. The editors explicitly state that the book is designed as "an introductory text for students of biology, behavior, and medicine," but it is hard to imagine any audience, interested in any fragment of neuroscience at any level of sophistication, that would not enjoy this book. The editors have done a masterful job of weaving together the biologic, the behavioral, and the clinical sciences into a single tapestry in which everyone from the molecular biologist to the practicing psychiatrist can find and appreciate his or

Principles of Neural Science

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and device for manufacturing a printable semiconductor element and for assembling the printable semiconductor element on a substrate surface.SOLUTION: An external surface of an SOI substrate 100 is anisotropically etched downward. A mask element 120 prevents a mask region 125 from being etched, and a plurality of relief feature forms 140 are thereby formed which each have a single crystal silicon structure having a slightly inclined side wall 141. An SiO2 layer 107 on a lower side is isotropically etched partially or completely using, for example, high-concentration (49%) HF to lift the relief feature form 140 off the substrate 100. A printable semiconductor element 150 is assembled on a receiving surface of a substrate surface 160 of a plastic substrate etc., by a dry transfer contact printing technique (roughly shown by an arrow 165) or a solution molding method (roughly shown by an arrow 166).

Method and device for manufacturing and assembling printable semiconductor element

Application of lanthanide shift reagents to alkyl fluorides

Surface Reactions in the Aluminum‐Catalyzed Direct Synthesis of Alkylsilanes.

We demonstrate a replica molded photonic crystal structure with embedded quantum dots in which electrohydrodynamic jet printing is used to control the position of the quantum dots within the device structure. This results in significantly less waste of the quantum dot material and the targeted placement of the quantum dots minimizes any emission outside of the resonant enhancement field, enabling an 8X output enhancement and highly polarized emission from the photonic crystal structure.

Polarization controlled output of electrohydrodynamic jet printed quantum dot embedded photonic crystals for display applications

Photovoltaic devices used in conjunction with functional optical elements for light concentration and spectrum splitting are known to be a viable approach for highly efficient photovoltaics. Conventional designs employ discrete optical elements, each with the task of either performing optical concentration or separating the solar spectrum. In the present work, we examine the performance of a compact photovoltaic architecture in which a single lens plays a dual role as both a concentrator and a spectrum splitter, the latter made possible by exploiting its intrinsic dispersion. A four-terminal two-junction InGaP/GaAs device is prepared to validate the concept and illustrates pathways for improvements. A spectral separation in the visible range is demonstrated at the focal point of a plano-convex lens with a geometric concentration ratio of 1104X with respect to the InGaP subcell.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2040-8986/aabbf0/pdf

Ralph G. Nuzzo

Papers

Method and device for manufacturing and assembling printable semiconductor element

Application of lanthanide shift reagents to alkyl fluorides

Surface Reactions in the Aluminum‐Catalyzed Direct Synthesis of Alkylsilanes.

Polarization controlled output of electrohydrodynamic jet printed quantum dot embedded photonic crystals for display applications

A compact spectrum splitting concentrator for high concentration photovoltaics based on the dispersion of a lens