[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/933162.pdf

Hydrogels in drug delivery: progress and challenges

Molecular self-assembly is the spontaneous association of molecules under equilibrium conditions into stable, structurally well-defined aggregates joined by noncovalent bonds. Molecular self-assembly is ubiquitous in biological systems and underlies the formation of a wide variety of complex biological structures. Understanding self-assembly and the associated noncovalent interactions that connect complementary interacting molecular surfaces in biological aggregates is a central concern in structural biochemistry. Self-assembly is also emerging as a new strategy in chemical synthesis, with the potential of generating nonbiological structures with dimensions of 1 to 10(2) nanometers (with molecular weights of 10(4) to 10(10) daltons). Structures in the upper part of this range of sizes are presently inaccessible through chemical synthesis, and the ability to prepare them would open a route to structures comparable in size (and perhaps complementary in function) to those that can be prepared by microlithography and other techniques of microfabrication.

Molecular self-assembly and nanochemistry: A chemical strategy for the synthesis of nanostructures

https://www.farm.ucl.ac.be/Full-texts-FARM/Danhier-2010-2.pdf

To exploit the tumor microenvironment: Passive and active tumor targeting of nanocarriers for anti-cancer drug delivery

/pdf/degradable-controlled-release-polymers-and-polymeric-1y322ha58z.pdf

Degradable Controlled-Release Polymers and Polymeric Nanoparticles: Mechanisms of Controlling Drug Release

A series of thermosensitive ABA type triblock poly(e-caprolactone)-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL-PNIPAAm-PCL) copolymers with different molecular weights were synthesized by the combination of ring opening polymerization and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization The critical micelle concentrations (CMCs) of the resulted four triblock copolymers in aqueous solution were determined to be 338, 398, 355, and 417 mg/L, respectively, by fluorescence spectroscopy using pyrene as a fluorescence probe Optical absorption measurements showed that the lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) of the copolymers were 358, 362, 352, and 362 °C, respectively, in distilled water, and 339, 342, 333, 346 °C, respectively, in PBS (pH = 68, I = 01) Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the self-assembled micelles exhibited a well-defined spherical shape with diameter of around 100 nm The drug-loaded PCL-PNIPAAm-PCL micelles displayed thermosensitive controlled release behaviors © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 3048–3057, 2008

Fabrication of thermosensitive PCL‐PNIPAAm‐PCL triblock copolymeric micelles for drug delivery

Low molecular weight polyethylenimine grafted N-maleated chitosan for gene delivery: properties and in vitro transfection studies.

Biodegradable and pH-sensitive hydrogels for cell encapsulation and controlled drug release.

Macroporous temperature-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA) hydrogels were prepared by a novel phase-separation technique to improve the response properties. In comparison with a conventional PNIPA hydrogel prepared in water, these macroporous hydrogels, prepared by polymerization in aqueous sucrose solutions, have higher swelling ratios at temperatures below the lower critical solution temperature and exhibit much faster response rates to temperature changes.

Scanning electron microscopy image of the surface of a PNIPA hydrogel, prepared in 1.50 M aqueous sucrose solution.

Temperature‐Sensitive Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) Hydrogels with Macroporous Structure and Fast Response Rate

In this study, a pH sensitive chimeric peptide is developed to codeliver a photosensitizer, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), and plasmid DNA simultaneously. In the presence of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), the chimeric peptide undergoes the process of hydrolysis of PLGVR peptide sequence, exfoliation of PEG, and increase of positive charges. As a result, the chimeric peptide can be preferentially uptaken by MMP-2 rich tumor cells. To realize synergistic effect of drug and gene delivery, a dual-stage light irradiation strategy is developed, i.e., the short time light irradiation can efficiently enhance the endosomal escape of the chimeric peptide/PpIX/DNA complexes by the formation the reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in synergistic endosomal escape and improved DNA expression. In addition, due to the screened phototoxicity of PpIX, short time light irradiation does not lead to detectable changes in the cell viability. After the gene transfection, the screened phototoxicity of PpIX is subsequently stimulated by long time irradiation to achieve high synergistic efficacy of photodynamic and gene therapies. Both in vitro and in vivo studies confirm the chimeric peptide-based nanocarrier with a good synergistic effect is a promising nanoplatform for tumor treatments.

Si-Xue Cheng

Papers

Fabrication of thermosensitive PCL‐PNIPAAm‐PCL triblock copolymeric micelles for drug delivery

Low molecular weight polyethylenimine grafted N-maleated chitosan for gene delivery: properties and in vitro transfection studies.

Biodegradable and pH-sensitive hydrogels for cell encapsulation and controlled drug release.

Temperature‐Sensitive Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) Hydrogels with Macroporous Structure and Fast Response Rate

A Tumor Targeted Chimeric Peptide for Synergistic Endosomal Escape and Therapy by Dual‐Stage Light Manipulation