Showing papers by "Youn-Chul Kim published in 2010"
TL;DR: Sulfuretin inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase protein and mRNA expression, reduced iNOS-derived NO, suppressed COX-2 protein and RNA expression, and reducedCOX-derived PGE(2) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages indicated that the anti-inflammatory effects of sulfuretin in macrophage might be exerted through a novel mechanism that involves HO-1 expression.
61 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that sulfuretin may have therapeutic value in preventing β-cell damage and the anti-diabetogenic effects of sulfure tin were mediated by suppression of NF-κB activation.
Abstract: NF-κB activation has been implicated as a key signaling mechanism for pancreatic β-cell damage. Sulfuretin is one of the main flavonoids produced by Rhus verniciflua, which is reported to inhibit the inflammatory response by suppressing the NF-κB pathway. Therefore, we isolated sulfuretin from Rhus verniciflua and evaluated if sulfuretin could inhibit cytokine- or streptozotocin-induced β-cell damage. Rat insulinoma RINm5F cells and isolated rat islets were treated with IL-1β and IFN-γ to induce cytotoxicity. Incubation of cells and islets with sulfuretin resulted in a significant reduction of cytokine-induced NF-κB activation and its downstream events, iNOS expression, and nitric oxide production. The cytotoxic effects of cytokines were completely abolished when cells or islets were pretreated with sulfuretin. The protective effect of sulfuretin was further demonstrated by normal insulin secretion of cytokine-treated islets in response to glucose. Treatment of mice with streptozotocin resulted in hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia, which was further evidenced by immunohistochemical staining of islets. However, the diabetogenic effects of streptozotocin were completely prevented when mice were pretreated with sulfuretin. The anti-diabetogenic effects of sulfuretin were also mediated by suppression of NF-κB activation. Collectively, these results indicate that sulfuretin may have therapeutic value in preventing β-cell damage.
58 citations
TL;DR: Sorum radix, Acanthopanacis cortex, Sanguisorbae radix and Torilis fructus might be considered as promising novel anti-coronavirus drug candidates.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Cimicifuga rhizome, Meliae cortex, Coptidis rhizome and Phellodendron cortex have been previously shown to exhibit anti-coronavirus activity. Here, an additional 19 traditional medicinal herbal extracts were evaluated for antiviral activities in vitro. METHODS A plaque assay was used to evaluate the effects of 19 extracts, and the concentration of extract required to inhibit 50% of the replication (EC(50)) of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) A59 strain (MHV-A59) was determined. The 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC(50)) of each extract was also determined. Northern and western blot analyses were conducted to evaluate antiviral activity on viral entry, viral RNA and protein expression, and release in MHV-infected DBT cells. RESULTS Sophorae radix, Acanthopanacis cortex and Torilis fructus reduced intracellular viral RNA levels with comparable reductions in viral proteins and MHV-A59 production. The extracts also reduced the replication of the John Howard Mueller strain of MHV, porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus and vesicular stomatitis virus in vitro. Sanguisorbae radix reduced coronavirus production, partly as a result of decreased protein synthesis, but without a significant reduction in intracellular viral RNA levels. The EC(50) values of the four extracts ranged from 0.8 to 3.7 microg/ml, whereas the CC(50) values ranged from 156.5 to 556.8 microg/ml. Acanthopanacis cortex and Torilis fructus might exert their antiviral activities in MHV-A59-infected cells by inducing cyclooxygenase-2 expression via the activation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) and p38 or ERK alone, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Sophorae radix, Acanthopanacis cortex, Sanguisorbae radix and Torilis fructus might be considered as promising novel anti-coronavirus drug candidates.
57 citations
TL;DR: Results provide the first evidence that the anti-oral cancer effects of ILME may involve a mechanism in which HO-1 is upregulated via a pathway involving MAP kinases, NF-kappaB, and Nrf2.
50 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that spinasterol has a therapeutic potential against neurodegenerative diseases that are caused by oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.
45 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that obacunone could be the effective candidates for the treatment of ROS-related neurological diseases because of its neuroprotective effects on glutamateinduced neurotoxicity.
Abstract: Glutamate-induced oxidative injury causes neuronal degeneration related to many central nervous system diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, epilepsy and ischemia. The bioassay-guided fractionation of the EtOH extract of the root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus Trucz. provided one neuroprotective limonoid, obacunone, together with a degraded limonoid, fraxinellone and two alkaloids, dictamine and haplopine. At concentrations of 100–150 μM, obacunone showed the potent neuroprotective effects on glutamateinduced neurotoxicity and induced the expression of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 in the mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. In addition, we found that obacunone increased p38 MAPK phosphorylation and induced HO-1 expression via p38 MAPK pathway. These results suggest that obacunone isolated from the root bark of D. dasycarpus increases cellular resistance to glutamate-induced oxidative injury in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells, presumably through the p38 MAPK pathway-dependent HO-1 expression. These results suggest that obacunone could be the effective candidates for the treatment of ROS-related neurological diseases.
43 citations
TL;DR: EM and in combination with AM or OX could lead to the development of new combination antibiotics against MRSA infection, and the effect of EM with AM and OX was found to be synergistic or partially synergistic.
Abstract: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a substantial contributor to morbidity and mortality. In search of a natural products capable of inhibiting this multidrug resistant bacteria, we have investigated the antimicrobial activity of emodin (EM) isolated from Rheum palmatum L. (Polygonaceae) against 17 different strains of the bacterium. New antimicrobial activity was found using the paper disc diffusion method, agar dilution as well as checkerboard method. Against the 17 strains, the disc diffusion test was in the range of 18–30 mm, and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of EM were in the range of 1.5–25 μg/mL. From those results we performed the checkerboard test to determine the synergism of EM in combination with ampicillin (AM) or oxacillin (OX) against all strains. The combined activity of EM and two antimicrobial agents (AM, OX) against all strains resulted in a fractional inhibitory concentrations index (FICI) ranging from 0.37–0.5 and from 0.37–0.75, respectively. The effe...
39 citations
TL;DR: Induction of HO-1 is an important cytoprotective mechanism by which sappanchalcone protects HDP cells from H(2)O(2), and in addition it also exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated HPDL cells.
38 citations
TL;DR: Results suggest that sauchinone increases the cellular resistance of HepG2 cells to T-butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxidative injury, presumably through the p38 MAPK pathway-Nrf2/ARE-dependent HO-1 expression.
Abstract: Sauchinone, a unique lignan isolated from the roots of Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill. (Saururaceae), is reported to exert potent hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory actions and inhibitory effects on bone resorption. This study investigated the potency of sauchinone as a hepatic heme oxygenase (HO)-1 inducer and its protective effects in HepG2 cells. Treatment of the cells with sauchinone induced HO-1 expression and increased HO activity in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. This expression conferred cytoprotection against oxidative injury induced by T-butyl hydroperoxide. HO-1 expression by sauchinone also suppressed T-butyl hydroperoxide-induced reactive oxygen species generation in HepG2 cells. Moreover, sauchinone promoted the nuclear accumulation of the nuclear factor, E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and increased the promoter property of the antioxidant response element (ARE). Furthermore, treatment of the cells with a p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) reduced sauchine-induced HO-1 expression and its protective effects. These results suggest that sauchinone increases the cellular resistance of HepG2 cells to T-butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxidative injury, presumably through the p38 MAPK pathway-Nrf2/ARE-dependent HO-1 expression.
36 citations
TL;DR: Sulfuretin reduced airway inflammatory cell recruitment and peribronchiolar inflammation and suppressed the production of various cytokines in bronchoalveolar fluid and prevented the development of airway hyper-responsiveness.
30 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that butein is a potent inhibitor of stellate cell transformation.
Abstract: Hepatic stellate cells play a key role in the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis. In this study, we investigate the inhibitory effect of butein on the activation and proliferation of rat primary cultured hepatic stellate cells. Possible cytotoxic effects were measured on stellate cells and hepatocytes using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The effects of butein on the production of collagen and smooth muscle alpha-actin proteins were examined at the same concentration, by western blot. The effects of butein on alpha1(I) collagen, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and metalloproteinase-13 gene expression in activated stellate cells were investigated by measuring mRNA levels using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The effect of butein on DNA synthesis was also determined. Butein, at a concentration of 1 microg mL(-1), reduced DNA synthesis without affecting cell viability, and downregulated smooth muscle alpha-actin and type-I collagen expression, and alpha1(I) collagen and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 mRNA expression, while treatment with butein induced metalloproteinase-13 mRNA expression. These findings suggest that butein is a potent inhibitor of stellate cell transformation.
TL;DR: Two compounds isolated from the H2O extract of Tribuli Fructus showed significant hepatoprotective activities, with EC50 values of 13.46 ± 0.2 and 7.06 μM, respectively, against tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells.
Abstract: A new phenolic amide, tribulusimide D (4-hydroxy-N-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-3-methoxybenzamide) (1), together with a known phenolic amide, terrestriamide ((E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-prop-2-enamide) (2) and a flavonol glycoside, quercetin-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-d-glucopyranoside (3) were isolated from the H2O extract of Tribuli Fructus. Compounds 1 and 3 showed significant hepatoprotective activities, with EC50 values of 13.46 ± 0.2 and 7.06 ± 0.7 μM, respectively, against tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that it can be successfully cured against H. pylori infection and protected from H.pylori-induced pathology with Sanguisorba officinalis extract, which could be a promising candidate herb treatment for patients with gastric complaints including gastric ulcer caused by H. Pylori.
Abstract: In this study, a medicinal herbal plant, Sanguisorba officinalis, was examined and screened for anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) activity. Seventy percent ethanol was used for herbal extraction. For anti-H. pylori activity screening, inhibitory zone tests as an in vitro assay and in vivo study using a Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) model were performed. Also, the safety of herbal compounds was evaluated by animal study. As a result of inhibitory zone test, Sanguisorba officinalis extract demonstrated strong anti-H. pylori activities. Also, as results of in vivo animal studies, Sanguisorba officinalis extract demonstrated strong therapeutic effects against H. pylori infection according to the criteria of histological examination and rapid urease test. As results of the safety study, after 28 days treatment of the Sanguisorba officinalis extract, the animals were not detected any grossly and histological changes. These results demonstrate that it can be successfully cured against H. pylori infection and protected from H. pylori-induced pathology with Sanguisorba officinalis extract. It could be a promising candidate herb treatment for patients with gastric complaints including gastric ulcer caused by H. pylori.
TL;DR: Results demonstrate that Cinnamomum cassia can be successfully cured against H. pylori infection and protected from H.pylori-induced pathology with CinnAmomum Cassia, which could be a promising native herb treatment for patients with gastric complaints including gastric ulcer caused by H. Pylori.
Abstract: Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is strongly associated with duodenal and gastric ulcers. Substantial epidemiological data has revealed that high rates of H. pylori infection might be related to high rates of gastric cancer and gastric adenocarcinoma. In this study, a medicinal herbal plant, Cinnamomum cassia, was examined and screened for anti-H. pylori activity. Seventy percent ethanol was used for herbal extraction. For anti-H. pylori activity screening, inhibitory zone tests as an in vitro assay and in vivo study using a Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) model were performed. Also, the safety of herbal compounds was evaluated by animal study. As a result of inhibitory zone test, Cinnamomum cassia extract demonstrated strong anti-H. pylori activities. Also, as results of in vivo animal studies, Cinnamomum cassia demonstrated strong therapeutic effects against H. pylori infection according to the criteria of histological examination and rapid urease test. As results of the safety study, after 28 days treatment of the Cinnamomum cassia extract, the animals were not detected any grossly and histological changes. These results demonstrate that it can be successfully cured against H. pylori infection and protected from H. pylori-induced pathology with Cinnamomum cassia. It could be a promising native herb treatment for patients with gastric complaints including gastric ulcer caused by H. pylori.
Patent•
21 Apr 2010
Patent•
15 Sep 2010
Abstract: PURPOSE: A composition with antibacterial activity, containing galla rhois extract is provided to ensure excellent antibacterial effect and to use as veterinary medicinary medicinal composition and feed additive. CONSTITUTION: A veterinary medicinal composition for preventing and treating helicobacter bacterial infection contains 0.1-50 weight% of galla rhois extract as an active ingredient. The galla rhois extract is isolated using water, low alcohol of C1-C4, or mixture solvent thereof. The animal of helicobacter infection is mammals, fishes, and poultry. The helicobacter bacteria are Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter heilmannii, Helicobacter felis, Helicobacter mustelae, Helicobacter fenelliae, Helicobacter rappini, Helicobacter hepaticus, Helicobacter bilis, or Helicobacter pullorum. An animal feed additive for preventing and treating helicobacter bacteria infection contains galla rhois extract as an active ingredient.
01 Feb 2010
TL;DR: As the results of this clinical trial, the natural herbal antimicrobial additive, Flavo-SK™ showed the effects on disease reduction and it is suggested that Flavo -SK™ has the antimicrobial effects.
Abstract: The natural herbal antimicrobial additive, Flavo-SK™, was developed by Zoonosis Research Center of Wonkwang University. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Flavo-SK™ on the health status and performance of growing chickens. This study was conducted on the growing chickens (n=20,000) for 31 days in a growing chickens husbandry. The animals were divided with two groups; Flavo-SK™ treated group (n=10,000) and commercial diet feeding group (n=10,000). The Flavo-SK™ treated animals had provided with commercial diet adding the Flavo-SK™ as 0.29%. During the study period, we compared clinical signs, weight increase rate, diet consumption amount, gross finding, necropsy findings and histopathological findings between the treated group and non treated group. As the results of this clinical trial, the natural herbal antimicrobial additive, Flavo-SK™, showed the effects on disease reduction. It is suggested that Flavo-SK™ has the antimicrobial effects.