Bibliotheca Alexandrina

About: Bibliotheca Alexandrina is a archive organization based out in Alexandria, Egypt. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Metadata. The organization has 57 authors who have published 53 publications receiving 706 citations. The organization is also known as: Maktabat al-Iskandarīyah & Center for Documentation of Cultural and Natural Heritage.

Atherosclerosis in Ancient Egyptian Mummies: The Horus Study

Abstract: Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine whether ancient Egyptians had atherosclerosis. Background The worldwide burden of atherosclerotic disease continues to rise and parallels the spread of diet, lifestyles, and environmental risk factors associated with the developed world. It is tempting to conclude that atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is exclusively a disease of modern society and did not affect our ancient ancestors. Methods We performed whole body, multislice computed tomography scanning on 52 ancient Egyptian mummies from the Middle Kingdom to the Greco-Roman period to identify cardiovascular structures and arterial calcifications. We interpreted images by consensus reading of 7 imaging physicians, and collected demographic data from historical and museum records. We estimated age at the time of death from the computed tomography skeletal evaluation. Results Forty-four of 52 mummies had identifiable cardiovascular (CV) structures, and 20 of these had either definite atherosclerosis (defined as calcification within the wall of an identifiable artery, n = 12) or probable atherosclerosis (defined as calcifications along the expected course of an artery, n = 8). Calcifications were found in the aorta as well as the coronary, carotid, iliac, femoral, and peripheral leg arteries. The 20 mummies with definite or probable atherosclerosis were older at time of death (mean age 45.1 ± 9.2 years) than the mummies with CV tissue but no atherosclerosis (mean age 34.5 ± 11.8 years, p 2,000 years. Conclusions Atherosclerosis is commonplace in mummified ancient Egyptians.

South-South entrepreneurial collaboration in health biotech

Abstract: A survey of entrepreneurial collaborations among health biotech firms in developing countries reveals a surprisingly high level of collaboration but a lack of emphasis on new or improved health biotech products and processes.