Institution
Erasmus University Rotterdam
Education•Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands•
About: Erasmus University Rotterdam is a education organization based out in Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 35466 authors who have published 91288 publications receiving 4510972 citations. The organization is also known as: EUR.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the role of strategic leaders in managing exploration and exploitation, and reveal how the impact of leadership is contingent upon dynamic environmental conditions and argue that environmental dynamism needs to be taken into account to fully understand the effectiveness of leaders.
Abstract: This study advances prior theoretical research by linking transformational and transactional behaviors of strategic leaders to two critical outputs of organizational learning: exploratory and exploitative innovation. Findings indicate that transformational leadership behaviors contribute significantly to adopting generative thinking and pursuing exploratory innovation. Transactional leadership behaviors, on the other hand, facilitate improving and extending existing knowledge and are associated with exploitative innovation. In addition, we argue that environmental dynamism needs to be taken into account to fully understand the effectiveness of strategic leaders. Our study provides new insights that misfits rather than fits between leadership behaviors and innovative outcomes matter in dynamic environments. Hence, we contribute to the debate on the role of strategic leaders in managing exploration and exploitation, not only by examining how specific leadership behaviors impact innovative outcomes, but also by revealing how the impact of leadership is contingent upon dynamic environmental conditions.
742 citations
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Zhengzhou University1, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust2, University of Bern3, Policlinico Umberto I4, University of Paris5, University of Pavia6, Goethe University Frankfurt7, University of Bergen8, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg9, Erasmus University Rotterdam10, University of Bologna11, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova12, King's College London13, University of Southern Denmark14
TL;DR: The first update of the 2013 EFSUMB (European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology) Guidelines and Recommendations on the clinical use of elastography is presented, focused on the assessment of diffuse liver disease.
Abstract: We present here the first update of the 2013 EFSUMB (European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology) Guidelines and Recommendations on the clinical use of elastography with a focus on the assessment of diffuse liver disease. The short version provides clinical information about the practical use of elastography equipment and interpretation of results in the assessment of diffuse liver disease and analyzes the main findings based on published studies, stressing the evidence from meta-analyses. The role of elastography in different etiologies of liver disease and in several clinical scenarios is also discussed. All of the recommendations are judged with regard to their evidence-based strength according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence. This updated document is intended to act as a reference and to provide a practical guide for both beginners and advanced clinical users.
740 citations
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TL;DR: The relationship between use of corticosteroids and fracture risk was estimated in a meta‐analysis of data from seven cohort studies of ∼42,000 men and women.
Abstract: The relationship between use of corticosteroids and fracture risk was estimated in a meta-analysis of data from seven cohort studies of approximately 42,000 men and women. Current and past use of corticosteroids was an important predictor of fracture risk that was independent of prior fracture and BMD. INTRODUCTION: The aims of this study were to validate that corticosteroid use is a significant risk factor for fracture in an international setting and to explore the effects of age and sex on this risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 42,500 men and women from seven prospectively studied cohorts followed for 176,000 patient-years. The cohorts comprised the EPOS/EVOS study, CaMos, the Rotterdam Study, Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study (DOES), and prospective cohorts at Sheffield, Rochester, and Gothenburg. The effect of ever use of corticosteroids, BMD, age, and sex on all fracture, osteoporotic fracture, and hip fracture risk alone was examined using Poisson regression in each cohort and for each sex. The results of the different studies were merged from the weighted beta coefficients. RESULTS: Previous corticosteroid use was associated with a significantly increased risk of any fracture, osteoporotic fracture, and hip fracture when adjusted for BMD. Relative risk of any fracture ranged from 1.98 at the age of 50 years to 1.66 at the age of 85 years. For osteoporotic fracture, the range of relative risk was 2.63-1.71, and for hip fracture 4.42-2.48. The estimate of relative risk was higher at younger ages, but not significantly so. No significant difference in risk was seen between men and women. The risk was marginally and not significantly upwardly adjusted when BMD was excluded from the model. The risk was independent of prior fracture. In the three cohorts that documented current corticosteroid use, BMD was significantly reduced at the femoral neck, but fracture risk was still only partly explained by BMD. CONCLUSION: We conclude that prior and current exposure to corticosteroids confers an increased risk of fracture that is of substantial importance beyond that explained by the measurement of BMD. Its identification on an international basis validates the use of this risk factor in case-finding strategies.
739 citations
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TL;DR: Linear regression models require only two SPV for adequate estimation of regression coefficients, standard errors, and confidence intervals.
739 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report on inequalities in mortality between two broad socioeconomic groups (high and low education level, non-manual and manual occupations) and find that the widening inequalities were sometimes due to increasing mortality decreases from cardiovascular diseases in the lower socioeconomic groups.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: During the past decades a widening of the relative gap in
death rates between upper and lower socioeconomic groups has been reported
for several European countries. Although differential mortality decline
for cardiovascular diseases has been suggested as an important
contributory factor, it is not known what its quantitative contribution
was, and to what extent other causes of death have contributed to the
widening gap in total mortality. METHODS: We collected data on mortality
by educational level and occupational class among men and women from
national longitudinal studies in Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark,
England/Wales, and Italy (Turin), and analysed age-standardized death
rates in two recent time periods (1981-1985 and 1991-1995), both total
mortality and by cause of death. For simplicity, we report on inequalities
in mortality between two broad socioeconomic groups (high and low
educational level, non-manual and manual occupations). RESULTS: Relative
inequalities in total mortality have increased in all six countries, but
absolute differences in total mortality were fairly stable, with the
exception of Finland where an increase occurred. In most countries,
mortality from cardiovascular diseases declined proportionally faster in
the upper socioeconomic groups. The exception is Italy (Turin) where the
reverse occurred. In all countries with the exception of Italy (Turin),
changes in cardiovascular disease mortality contributed about half of the
widening relative gap for total mortality. Other causes also made
important contributions to the widening gap in total mortality. For these
causes, widening inequalities were sometimes due to increasing mortality
rates in the lower socioeconomic groups. We found rising rates of
mortality from lung cancer, breast cancer, respiratory disease,
gastrointestinal disease, and injuries among men and/or women in lower
socioeconomic groups in several countries. CONCLUSIONS: Reducing
socioeconomic inequalities in mortality in Western Europe critically
depends upon speeding up mortality declines from cardiovascular diseases
in lower socioeconomic groups, and countering mortality increases from
several other causes of death in lower socioeconomic groups.
738 citations
Authors
Showing all 35695 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Walter C. Willett | 334 | 2399 | 413322 |
Meir J. Stampfer | 277 | 1414 | 283776 |
Albert Hofman | 267 | 2530 | 321405 |
Graham A. Colditz | 261 | 1542 | 256034 |
Paul M. Ridker | 233 | 1242 | 245097 |
Ralph B. D'Agostino | 226 | 1287 | 229636 |
John Q. Trojanowski | 226 | 1467 | 213948 |
David J. Hunter | 213 | 1836 | 207050 |
André G. Uitterlinden | 199 | 1229 | 156747 |
Robert M. Califf | 196 | 1561 | 167961 |
Eric J. Topol | 193 | 1373 | 151025 |
Frank E. Speizer | 193 | 636 | 135891 |
Bernard Rosner | 190 | 1162 | 147661 |
William B. Kannel | 188 | 533 | 175659 |
Patrick W. Serruys | 186 | 2427 | 173210 |