Hampshire College

About: Hampshire College is a education organization based out in Amherst Center, Massachusetts, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Genetic programming & Population. The organization has 461 authors who have published 998 publications receiving 40827 citations.

Asymmetric Effects of Financial Development on South-South and South-North Trade: Panel Data Evidence from Emerging Markets

Abstract: Using bilateral trade data in total and technology-and-skill-intensive manufactured goods for 28 developing countries that account for 82% of all developing country manufactures exports between 1978 and 2005, this paper explores the effects of financial development on the pattern of specialization in South-South and South-North trade. The empirical results using dynamic panel regressions and comprehensive sensitivity tests suggest that financial development in the South has an economically and statistically significant positive effect on the share of total and technology-and-skill-intensive manufactures exports in GDP, and total exports in South-South trade. In contrast, no such significant or robust effect of financial development is found in South-North trade. Overall, the positive effect of financial development is found to be asymmetric favoring South-South significantly more than South-North trade. In addition, financial development is found to be increasing technology-and-skill-intensive manufactured goods exports significantly more than total manufactured or merchandise goods exports.

Analyzing a Decade of Human-Competitive (“HUMIE”) Winners: What Can We Learn?

Abstract: Techniques in evolutionary computation (EC) have improved significantly over the years, leading to a substantial increase in the complexity of problems that can be solved by EC-based approaches. The HUMIES awards at the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference are designed to recognize work that has not just solved some problem via techniques from evolutionary computation, but has produced a solution that is demonstrably human-competitive. In this chapter, we take a look across the winners of the past 10 years of the HUMIES awards, and analyze them to determine whether there are specific approaches that consistently show up in the HUMIE winners. We believe that this analysis may lead to interesting insights regarding prospects and strategies for producing further human competitive results.

Bridging the Expertise of Advocates and Academics to Identify Reproductive Justice Learning Outcomes.

Abstract: Phenomenon: Reproductive justice (RJ) is defined by women of color advocates as the right to have children, not have children and parent children while maintaining reproductive autonomy In the United States, physicians have been complicit in multiple historical reproductive injustices, involving coercive sterilization of thousands of people of color, low income, and disabilities Currently, reproductive injustices continue to occur; however, physicians have no formal RJ medical education to address injustices The objective of this study was to engage leading advocates within the movement using a Delphi method to identify critical components for such a curriculum Approach: In 2016, we invited 65 RJ advocates and leaders to participate in an expert panel to design RJ medical education A 3-round Delphi survey was distributed electronically to identify content for inclusion in an RJ curriculum In the next 2 survey rounds, experts offered feedback and revisions and rated agreement with including content recommendations in the final curriculum We calculated descriptive statistics to analyze quantitative data A team with educational expertise wrote learning outcomes based on expert content recommendations Findings: Of the 65 RJ advocates and leaders invited, 41 participated on the expert panel of the Delphi survey In the first survey, the expert panel recommended 58 RJ content areas through open-ended response Over the next 2 rounds, there was consensus among the panel to include 52 of 58 of these areas in the curriculum Recommended content fell into 11 broad domains: access, disparities, and structural competency; advocacy; approaches to reproductive healthcare; contemporary law and policy; cultural safety; historical injustices; lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, and intersex health; oppression, power, and bias training; patient care; reproductive health; and RJ definitions The 97 learning outcomes created from this process represented both unique and existing educational elements Insights: A collaborative methodology infused with RJ values can bridge experts in advocacy and academics New learning outcomes identified through this process can enhance medical education; however, it is just as important to consider education in RJ approaches to care as it is knowledge about that care We must explore the pedagogic process of RJ medical education while considering that expertise in this area may exist outside of the medical community and thus there is a need to partner with RJ advocates Finally, we expect to use innovative teaching methods to transform medical education and achieve an RJ focus

Post-Pleistocene facial reduction, biomechanics and selection against morphologically complex teeth: A rejoinder to macchiarelli and bondioli

Abstract: Macchiarelli & Bondioli (1984, 1986) argue that post-Pleistocene cranio-facial reduction cannot be explained by biomechanical factors related to change in the diet (Carlson, 1974;Carlson & Van Gerven, 1977) or to facial reduction related to the selective advantages of smaller, morphologically simpler teeth (Greene, 1967;Van Gerven, Armelagos & Rohr, 1977). Instead, they maintain that facial reduction is a mere side-effect of a reduction in overall body size. Our analysis of skeletal and facial reduction in post-Pleistocene Sudanese Nubia suggests thatMacchiarelli & Bondioli's interpretation is incorrect for two reasons. First, the reduction in facial morphology (at least since Mesolithic times) is greater by several orders of magnitude than the reduction in general body size. Second, the dentition not only shows a greater size reduction than does general body size, but a shifting pattern of dental reduction rather than a general decrease across all teeth.

Colombian forensic genetics as a form of public science: The role of race, nation and common sense in the stabilization of DNA populations

Abstract: This article examines the role that vernacular notions of racialized-regional difference play in the constitution and stabilization of DNA populations in Colombian forensic science, in what we frame as a process of public science. In public science, the imaginations of the scientific world and common-sense public knowledge are integral to the production and circulation of science itself. We explore the origins and circulation of a scientific object – ‘La Tabla’, published in Paredes et al. and used in genetic forensic identification procedures – among genetic research institutes, forensic genetics laboratories and courtrooms in Bogota. We unveil the double life of this central object of forensic genetics. On the one hand, La Tabla enjoys an indisputable public place in the processing of forensic genetic evidence in Colombia (paternity cases, identification of bodies, etc.). On the other hand, the relations it establishes between ‘race’, geography and genetics are questioned among population geneticists in Colombia. Although forensic technicians are aware of the disputes among population geneticists, they use and endorse the relations established between genetics, ‘race’ and geography because these fit with common-sense notions of visible bodily difference and the regionalization of race in the Colombian nation.