Showing papers by "International Islamic University, Chittagong published in 2018"

Toxicodynamics of Lead, Cadmium, Mercury and Arsenic- induced kidney toxicity and treatment strategy: A mini review.

Abstract: Environmental pollution has become a concerning matter to human beings. Flint water crisis in the USA pointed out that pollution by heavy metal is getting worse day by day, predominantly by Lead, Cadmium, Mercury and Arsenic. Despite of not having any biological role in flora and fauna, they exhibit detrimental effect following exposure (acute or chronic). Even at low dose, they affect brain, kidney and heart. Oxidative stress has been termed as cause and effect in heavy metal-induced kidney toxicity. In treatment strategy, different chelating agent, vitamins and minerals are included, though chelating agents has been showed different fatal drawbacks. Interestingly, plants and plants derived compounds had shown possible effectiveness against heavy metals induced kidney toxicity. This review will provide detail information on toxicodynamics of Pb, Cd, Hg and As, treatment strategy along with the possible beneficiary role of plant derived compound to protect kidney.

Does bank regulation matter on the relationship between competition and financial stability? Evidence from Southeast Asian countries

Abstract: This study examines the role of bank regulation on the relationship between competition and financial stability. The considered regulations are capital requirements, activity restrictions, deposit insurance, and official supervision based on prior literature. We used data from the banking sector of Southeast Asian countries over the period of 1990–2014. Using system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) and considering financial freedom and property right as instrumental variables, this study found that competition promotes financial stability, and reduces credit risk. Further, capital requirements and official supervision are the most effective and straightforward bank regulations promoting financial stability irrespective of the level of competition. Activity restrictions are effective in shaping financial stability only in a highly competitive environment, while deposit insurance promotes financial stability in a less competitive environment. This study provides a framework to determine the bank regulation best suited to promote financial stability through the channel of competition.

A belief rule-based expert system to assess suspicion of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) under uncertainty

Abstract: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is responsible for the obstruction of coronary arteries, resulting in the loss of lives. The onset of ACS can be determined by looking at the various signs and symptoms of a patient. However, the accuracy of ACS determination is often put into question since there exist different types of uncertainties with the signs and symptoms. Belief rule-based expert systems (BRBESs) are widely used to capture uncertain knowledge and to accomplish the task of reasoning under uncertainty by employing belief rule base and evidential reasoning. This article presents the process of developing a BRBES to determine ACS predictability. The BRBES has been validated against the data of 250 patients suffering from chest pain. It is noticed that the outputs created from the BRBES are more dependable than that of the opinion of cardiologists as well as other two expert system tools, namely artificial neural networks and support vector machine. Hence, it can be argued that the BRBES is capable of playing an important role in decision making as well as in avoiding costly laboratory investigations. A procedure to train the system, allowing its enhancement of performance, is also presented.

First principles study of M2InC (M = Zr, Hf and Ta) MAX phases: The effect of M atomic species

Abstract: We have studied the physical properties of M2InC (M = Zr, Hf and Ta) MAX phases ternary carbides using density functional theory (DFT) methodology. The structural, elastic and electronic properties are revisited (and found to be in good agreement with recently reported results). The charge density distribution, Fermi surface features, Vickers hardness, dynamical stability, thermodynamics and optical properties have been investigated for the first time. The calculated single crystal elastic constants and phonon dispersion curves endorse the mechanical and dynamical stability of all the compounds under study. The calculated single crystal elastic constants Cij and polycrystalline elastic constants are found to increase with increasing atomic number of M species (M = Zr, Hf and Ta). The values of Pugh ratio and Poisson’s ratio revealed the brittleness of the compounds under study associated with strong directional covalent bond with a mixture of ionic contribution. Overlapping of conduction band and valence band at Fermi level notify the metallic nature of M2InC (M = Zr, Hf and Ta) MAX phases. Low values of Vicker hardness indicate the softness of the materials and easy machinability. The thermodynamic properties, such as the free energy, enthalpy, entropy, specific heat capacity and Debye temperature are evaluated using the phonon dispersion curves and a good correspondence is found with the characteristics of M atomic species. Major optical properties, e.g., dielectric functions, refractive index, photoconductivity, absorption coefficient, loss function and reflectivity are calculated and discussed in detail in this study.

Is corporate social responsibility pursuing pristine business goals for sustainable development

Abstract: There is a continuing academic debate on corporate social responsibility (CSR), its goals and practices, and its impact on business and society. Following this debate, this study has made a critical investigation of CSR practices of business enterprises with a view to examining their spirit, intentions and roles in terms of pristine business goals. After analyzing the contents of pertinent literature (126 articles, of which 89 are empirical) in both developed and developing country contexts, the study finds that corporate managers are still less concerned about the meaning and essence of pristine business goals and the true goals and role of CSR. They practice CSR largely in a voluntary philanthropic fashion to build public image and primarily enhance business profit, not necessarily for social wellbeing. Their CSR practices have been found to be more of a cosmetic and face‐saving marketing strategy, undermining the social wellbeing goal for sustainable development. The CSR movement, therefore, needs reformation.

In vitro antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory activities of Elatostema papillosum leaves and correlation with their phytochemical profiles: a study relevant to the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), one of the major causes of dementia, is an overwhelming neurodegenerative disease that particularly affects the brain, leading to memory loss and impairment of language and judgment capacity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant and anticholinesterase properties of the leaves of Elatostema papillosum (EPL) and correlate with their phytochemical profiles, which are relevant to the treatment of AD. The dried coarse powder of EPL was extracted with 80% methanol (EPL-M80) by cold extraction method. The resultant EPL-M80 was assessed for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activity by the Ellman method. The antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. Quantitative phytochemical (phenolic and flavonoid contents) analysis of endogenous substances in EPL-M80 was performed by standard spectrophotometric methods. EPL-M80 significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited AChE and BChE activity with IC50 of 165.40 ± 4.01 and 213.81 ± 3.57 μg/mL, respectively in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, EPL-M80 exhibited strong radical scavenging activity against DPPH (IC50 = 32.35 ± 0.68 μg/mL) and hydroxyl radical (IC50 = 19.67 ± 1.42 μg/mL) when compared to that of standards. EPL-M80 was found to be rich in phenolic (23.74 mg gallic acid equivalent/g of dry extract) and flavonoid (31.18 mg quercetin equivalent/g of dry extract) content. Furthermore, a positive correlation (p < 0.001) was observed between the total phenolics and antioxidant as well as the anticholinesterase potential. The marked inhibition of AChE and BChE, and potent antioxidant activity of the leaves of Elatostema papillosum highlight its potential to provide an effective treatment for AD.

The Effects of Electronic Human Resource Management on Financial Institutes

Abstract: The purpose of the study is identifying the important factors that contribute to adoption of e-HRM among banks in Bangladesh Stratified random sampling technique was used to consider 265 respondents from twenty eight private commercial banks A pre-tested and close-ended questionnaire adapting five-point Likert scale was used for data collection In this study, descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis are exercised as statistical tools The result shows that employee’s individual attributes, top management support, compatibility, IT infrastructure and industry pressure are important factors that influencing management decision to adopt e-HRM among banks The practical implication of the findings is discussed at the end of this paper and recommendations for further research are also addressed

Whether Shari’ah compliance efficiency is a matter for the financial performance: The case of Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited

Abstract: Shari’ah is the foundation of Islamic banks. Although all the Islamic banks required complying with the Shari’ah requirements fully, the level of compliance differs among the Islamic banks. At the same time, Islamic banks have been performing well, but all do not demonstrate similar financial performance. This paper aims to explore whether Shari’ah compliance efficiency makes any difference in financial performance of Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited (IBBL).,This study used IBBL as a case. For exploring the issue of study, this paper applied an e-mail interview approach and interviewed 24 interviewees including financial analysts, IBBL clients and executives of regulatory bodies, the IBBL and other Islamic- and interest-based traditional banks. Interview opinions are then analyzed and interpreted for a deeper understanding of the topic.,The study observed that some other factors influence the financial performance of IBBL, but Shari’ah compliance is the dominant instinct of acquiring the leading position. Superior Shari’ah compliance creates internal strengths and external opportunities that facilitate IBBL in achieving higher financial performance. Most interviewees argued that Shari’ah is the only disposition that makes IBBL unique. Moreover, the bank that considerably follows Shari’ah gets better financial outcomes.,The study used a qualitative method using interview responses only for evaluating the relationship between Shari’ah compliance and financial performance. Further study may be conducted based on a quantitative approach.,This paper expects to uphold the significance of Shari’ah in improving the financial performance of IBBL and simultaneously motivating the parties associated with the Islamic banks in enhancing the level of Shari’ah compliance. Moreover, this study provides new insights into the importance Islamic banks and their performance in relation to the choice of customers.,This study explores the significance of Shari’ah compliance in creating avenues for greater financial performance and develops a model showing the ways how Shari’ah compliance leads Islamic banks to achieve higher financial positions.

Antinociceptive and Anxiolytic and Sedative Effects of Methanol Extract of Anisomeles indica: An Experimental Assessment in Mice and Computer Aided Models

Abstract: Anisomeles indica (L.) kuntze is widely used in folk medicine against various disorders including allergy, sores, inflammation, and fever. This research investigated the antinociceptive, anxiolytic and sedative effects of A. indica methanol extract. The antinociceptive activity was assessed with the acetic acid-induced writhing test and formalin-induced flicking test while sedative effects with open field and hole cross tests and anxiolytic effects with elevated plus maze (EPM) and thiopental-induced sleeping time tests were assayed. Computer aided (pass prediction, docking) analyses were undertaken to find out the best-fit phytoconstituent of total 14 isolated compounds of this plant for aforesaid effects. Acetic acid treated mice taking different concentrations of extract (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) displayed reduced the writhing number. In the formalin-induced test, extract minimized the paw licking time of mice during the first phase and the second phase significantly. The open field and hole-cross tests were noticed with a dose-dependent reduction of locomotor activity. The EPM test demonstrated an increase of time spent percentage in open arms. Methanol extract potentiated the effect of thiopental-induced hypnosis in lesser extent comparing with Diazepam. The results may account for the use of A. indica as an alternative treatment of antinociception and neuropharmacological abnormalities with further intensive studies. The compound, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid was found to be most effective in computer aided models.

Predicted MAX Phase Sc2InC: Dynamical Stability, Vibrational and Optical Properties

Abstract: The calculations of phonon dispersion, thermodynamic and optical properties including charge density, Fermi surface, Mulliken population analysis, theoretical Vickers hardness of predicted Sc 2 InC have been performed for the first time. The Sc 2 InC is mechanically as well as dynamically stable. It is promising for optoelectronic devices in the visible and ultraviolet energy regions and as a coating material to avoid solar heating.

Towards Blockchain-Based E-voting System

Abstract: This paper proposed an Electric voting (E-voting) model that ensures security, privacy and transparency. Our approach uses blockchain method, a distributed ledger technology where data are shared and distributed into a network. Blockchain system offers transparency, decentralization, irreversibility and reduces the involvement of intermediaries which is crucial for an election process. An optimized algorithm is proposed for blockchain based e-voting system. An internet of things (IOT) based system is designed to exchange data from e-voting devices to the nodes. Moreover, we proposed several possible techniques and improvements for voting scenarios.

A new metamaterial-based wideband rectangular invisibility cloak

Abstract: A new metamaterial-based wideband electromagnetic rectangular cloak is being introduced in this study. The metamaterial unit cell shows sharp transmittances in the C- and X-bands and displays wideband negative effective permittivity region there. The metamaterial unit cell was then applied in designing a rectangular-shaped electromagnetic cloak. The scattering reduction technique was adopted for the cloaking operation. The cloak operates in the certain portion of C-and X-bands that covers more than 4 GHz bandwidth region. The experimental results were provided as well for the metamaterial and the cloak.

Comparative compliance status of AAOIFI and IFSB standards: An empirical evidence from Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited

Abstract: This paper aims to examine the compliance status of Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) Financial Accounting Standards-1 and Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB) Standard-4 by Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited (IBBL), recognizing the regulatory influence for complying with AAOIFI and IFSB standards and identifying the factors influencing the compliance with these standards.,The present study used content analysis approach for investigating the compliance status. The study considered IBBL as the only sample because it is the only Islamic bank in Bangladesh which is the member of both AAOIFI and IFSB. Hence, this paper investigated the compliance status of IBBL as a member of AAOIFI and IFSB. The study examined the annual reports of 2008-2012 as these were the latest and contemporary reports in 2013 when the study was conducted. SPSS software version 22.0 was used to analyze the data. A total of 203 items under 13 categories of AAOIFI standard and 133 items under 17 categories of IFSB standard were considered. Ordinary least squares was run to test the hypotheses of the study.,The study found that IBBL on an average complied 46.31 per cent of AAOIFI and 52.50 per cent of IFSB standards during the period, and importantly, IBBL did not comply some of the categories of required disclosures. The study also observed that size, as measured by total asset and number of branches, has a significant influence on compliance with IFSB standard, but not AAOIFI. The findings of the study depicted that IBBL did not reasonably recognize the importance of complying with AAOIFI and IFSB standards. Poor compliance or non-compliance with AAOIFI and IFSB accounting and reporting standards by IBBL exposed that the bank is not efficient in managing Shari`ah compliance risks, operational risks and transparent financial reporting. Therefore, recognition of the Shari`ah standards by the respective IFIs and a “regulatory push” is vital for improving the level of compliance with these standards.,The study considered IBBL as the only sample of the study because it is the only Islamic bank in Bangladesh which holds the membership of both AAOIFI and IFSB. The fiscal years 2008-2012 only were selected to evaluate the compliance status of the AAOIFI and IFSB standards in preparation and presentation of the financial statements of IBBL for comparative analysis because IFSB standard for accounting and disclosure was formulated in 2007; hence, the study could not evaluate the compliance status before 2008.,The study will help IBBL in identifying their limitations in complying AAOIFI and IFSB standards and also the regulators in designing the accounting and reporting frameworks in regulating Islamic banks in Bangladesh. The study would help IBBL in identifying the reasons for non-compliance, how improvement in compliance level may help the bank in mitigating Shari`ah compliance and operational risk and how new legal and institutional framework may improve the level of compliance with those standards.,The study observed that the AAOIFI and IFSB standards were set for increasing the level of Shari`ah compliance, but the compliance status showed that different classes of accounting and reporting were ignored from compliance by IBBL. This study will benefit the stakeholders in choosing a Shari`ah-compliant bank.,This is a unique study which considered both AAOIFI and IFSB accounting and reporting standards in evaluating the reporting compliance status of an Islamic bank and identified the influence of reporting compliance on managing Shari`ah compliance risks, operational risks and transparency. This study expects to instigate the Islamic banks in complying accounting and reporting standards for being Shari`ah-compliant.

Physical properties of niobium-based intermetallics (Nb 3 B ; B = Os, Pt, Au): a DFT-based ab-initio study

Abstract: Structural, elastic and electronic band structure properties of A-15 type Nb-based intermetallic compounds Nb3B (B = Os, Pt, Au) have been revisited using first principles calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT). All these show excellent agreement with previous reports. More importantly, electronic bonding, charge density distribution and Fermi surface features have been studied in detail for the first time. Vickers hardness of these compounds is also calculated. The Fermi surfaces of Nb3B contain both hole- and electron-like sheets, the features of which change systematically as one move from Os to Au. The electronic charge density distribution implies that Nb3Os, Nb3Pt and Nb3Au have a mixture of ionic and covalent bondings with a substantial metallic contribution. The charge transfer between the atomic species in these compounds has been explained via the Mulliken bond population analysis and the Hirshfeld population analysis. The bonding properties show a good correspondence to the electronic band structure derived electronic density of states (DOS) near the Fermi level. Debye temperature of Nb3B (B = Os, Pt, Au) has been estimated from the elastic constants and shows a systematic behavior as a function of the B atomic species. A good correspondence among the elastic, electronic and charge density distribution properties are found. The superconducting transition temperature is found to be dominated by the electronic density of states at the Fermi level. We have discussed possible implications of the results obtained in this study in details in this paper.

Design of a Tri-Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Application

Abstract: Triple band microstrip patch antenna is yet to design for 5G Application. The paper proposed a triple band microstrip patch antenna for 5G communication. Here, Rogers RT Duroid-5880 is used having a low relative permittivity, er = 2.2 as a substrate with thickness 0.25 mm. The proposed antenna is designed and simulated by IE3D and HFSS software. Finally, their outcome is compared by HFSS software. Simulation result shows that the proposed antenna provides reflection coefficient less than −10 dB, good gain & bandwidth at (24.4/28/38 GHz) having comparatively less antenna size and substrate thickness.

Evaluation of morning glory (Jacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Griseb) leaves for antioxidant, antinociceptive, anticoagulant and cytotoxic activities

Abstract: BACKGROUND The present study was planned to investigate the phytochemical, antioxidant, antinociceptive, anticoagulant and cytotoxic activities of the Jacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Griseb leaf methanol extract (MExJT) in the laboratory using both in vitro and in vivo methods. METHODS Phytochemical values, namely, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging effect and FeCl3 reducing power effects, were studied by established methods. In vivo antinociceptive activity was performed by acidic acid-induced writhing test and formalin-induced pain test on Swiss albino mice at doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight. The clot lysis and brine shrimp lethality bioassay in vitro were used to evaluate the thrombolytic and cytotoxic activities of the plant extract, respectively. RESULTS Phytochemical screening illustrates the presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, gums and carbohydrates, steroids, alkaloids and reducing sugars in the extract. The results showed the total phenolic content (146.33 g gallic acid equivalents/100 g extract) and total flavonoid content (133.33 g quercetin/100 g). Significant (p<0.05) IC50 values compared to respective standards were recorded in DPPH radical scavenging (289.5 μg/mL) and FeCl3 reduction (245.2 μg/mL). The antinociceptive effect was evaluated in the acetic acid-induced writhing test and formalin-induced pain models in Swiss albino mice with doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight. Significant (p<0.05) inhibition (72.87±2.73%) of writhing response compared to diclofenac sodium was achieved by 500 mg/kg body weight. The extract also significantly inhibited the licking response in both the early phase (51.59±1.57%, p<0.05) and the late phase (64.82±1.87%, p<0.05) in the formalin-induced writhing test. MExJT also showed (38.10±1.79%) clot lytic activity in the thrombolytic test and cytotoxicity with an LC50 value of 31.70 μg/mL in the brine shrimp lethality bioassay. CONCLUSIONS The plant is a potential source of antioxidants and might have one or more secondary metabolite(s) with central and peripheral analgesic activity. The results also demonstrate that MExJT has moderate thrombolytic and lower cytotoxic properties that may warrant further exploration.

Perception of women entrepreneurs to accessing bank credit

Abstract: Women entrepreneurs play a substantial role in the sustainable economic development of various developed as well as developing countries in the world. In Bangladesh, the contribution of women entrepreneurs is still insignificant compared to other entrepreneurship due to a number of barriers to their financial inclusion. The current study tried to find out the problems faced with and the opinion of women entrepreneurs regarding the finance from commercial banks. The study used primary data from a sample survey, Key Informant Interview (KII) and in-depth interviews with the selected women entrepreneurs from Sylhet city of Bangladesh to meet the research objectives. Using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), the study brings to life the fact that women entrepreneurs are reluctant to take the loan from banks because they have to face a number of problems there. Some of the major problems they faced are- collateral requirements, terms and conditions of bank loan, business characteristics and some other institution-specific problems to get access to bank finance. The findings of the study can aid the commercial banks in formulating their strategic decision about financing women entrepreneurs. In addition, this study indicates the way forward for the authoritative and supporting organizations of women entrepreneurs to formulate their action plans for the development of women entrepreneurship.

Anthelmintic activity of Piper sylvaticum Roxb. (family: Piperaceae): In vitro and in silico studies

Abstract: The present study was conducted to investigate the anthelmintic activity of methanol extract of Piper sylvaticum stem (MEPSS) in experimental model followed by in silico molecular docking study and ADME/T analysis. Anthelmintic activity was determined by an aquarium worm (Tubifex tubifex). Then, molecular docking study was performed to identify compounds having maximum activity against TUBULIN-COLCHICINE enzymes by using Schrodinger-Maestro v 10.1 docking fitness. Additionally, ADME/T profiles were checked by Swiss ADME Analysis and Molinspiration Cheminformatics software. A preliminary phytochemical analysis of MEPSS revealed that it contained alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. MEPSS exhibited a dose-dependent and statistically significant anthelmintic activity on aquarium worm (Tubifex tubifex).The best concentration of MEPSS for anthelmintic activity on Tubifex tubifex compare with reference standard Levamisole (1 mg/mL) is 11.90 mg/mL. On the other hand, our molecular docking study shows that piperine has the best fitness score of − 6.22 kcal/mol with TUBULIN-COLCHICINE enzyme among three major compounds of Piper sylvaticum. Moreover, predicted properties of all compounds were in the range to satisfy the Lipinski’s rule of five to be recognized as drug like potential. Results of the present study confirmed potential anthelmintic activity of Piper sylvaticum stem extract and all compounds were found to be effective in computer aided drug design models.

An IoT-Belief Rule Base Smart System to Assess Autism

Abstract: An Internet-of-Things (IoT)-Belief Rule Base (BRB) based hybrid system is introduced to assess Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This smart system can automatically collect sign and symptom data of various autistic children in real-time and classify the autistic children. The BRB subsystem incorporates knowledge representation parameters such as rule weight, attribute weight and degree of belief. The IoT-BRB system classifies the children having autism based on the sign and symptom collected by the pervasive sensing nodes. The classification results obtained from the proposed IoT-BRB smart system is compared with fuzzy and expert based system. The proposed system outperformed the state-of-the-art fuzzy system and expert system.

Design and Implementation of Microcontroller Based Anti-Theft Vehicle Security System using GPS, GSM and RFID

Abstract: Stealing the vehicle is the major threat to car or vehicle owners. Nowadays, it is increasing day by day. If not recovered soon, stolen vehicle are generally sold, revamped or even burned, if the resale price is considered to be too low. When a vehicle is stolen, it becomes hard to locate and track it, which considerably decreases the chances of recovering it. An Anti-Theft vehicle security has been developed to mitigate this problem. This system consists of a PIC16F876A microcontroller, fingerprint, RFID, GPS-GSM modules and a tilt sensor. The car will be started with RFID or fingerprint or password. If an unauthorized person wants to open the door of the vehicle, it will ask for correct RFID or password or fingerprint. The tilt sensor is used to measure any breaking of windows or doors and movement of the vehicle, a message will be sent to the owner's mobile containing the location of the car via GPS-GSM module. The system gives also an alarm. Furthermore, the connection to the fuel injector of the car is deactivated to prevent the unauthorized start of the vehicle anyhow. This anti-theft security system enhances the chances of recovering the car.

An Internet of Things (IoT) based Smart Traffic Management System: A Context of Bangladesh

Abstract: With the fast growth of population, traffic congestion monitoring and control has become a great challenge. Increasing vehicles creates lots of problem like time wastage, fuel wastage, air and sound pollution, even death by getting stuck emergency vehicles. This paper proposes a real-time traffic management system (TMS) using the Internet of Things (IoT) and data analytics. Ultrasonic sensors are used to measure the traffic density. After analysing the sensor data, system controller sets traffic signal time by traffic management algorithm and also sends data to a cloud server through a Wi-Fi module. The proposed system can predict probable traffic congestion in the intersection point. If an emergency vehicle is detected, it gives priority, i.e. high signal duration to pass the intersection. In case of the signal violation, the system can identify the vehicle and charge a fine that is paid through Traffic Wallet mobile app. This proposed system is cost-effective, very simple to install and easy to maintain.

Design and Simulation of a Single Element High Gain Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Wireless Communication

Abstract: The use of micro-strip antennas in wireless communication is very popular due to their low cost, low profile and ease of fabrication. But poor performances like narrow bandwidth, low gain etc. confines their application. As the upcoming 5th generation (5G) requires high gain antenna, the main concern of this research is to design a high gain micro-strip patch antenna using air substrate. The antenna is designed and simulated using Zeland's IE3D and operates at 28 GHz band. The gain, bandwidth, return loss and efficiency of the single element antenna is 9.82 dBi, 1.29 GHz, 42 dB and almost 100% respectively.

A unidirectional 3D antenna for biomedical microwave imaging based detection of abnormality in human body

Abstract: Conventional medical imaging systems to identify abnormality in human body, are not quick, savvy or convenient. Imaging systems like magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography scan, etc. brought human health concerns due to the ionizing radiation. This study is opted to design and performance analysis of a 3D antenna in context of microwave imaging which can be affordable for primary health observation that has no health risk. A directive three dimensional antenna, using folded radiating structure, has been presented for the application of microwave imaging in clinical diagnosis. Two reflector walls help to achieve higher gain and directive radiation. The antenna obtained operating band at 1.67–1.74 GHz. The dimension of the 3D radiating structure is 40 × 25 × 10.5 mm3 with an average realized gain of 5.2 dB. Finally, two prototypes of the antenna are used to perform detection of a malignant tumour in a breast phantom through the application of feasible signal processing technique.

Design & Implementation of an Automated Reminder Medicine Box for Old People and Hospital

Abstract: The main objective of this research is to develop a smart medicine box to remind the old people or patient in the hospital to take the appropriate dose of medicine in the time suggested by the doctor. The device has twenty-one airtight compartments to keep the medicine. The attendant of a patient or nurse can make a weekly plan of medicine remainder by keeping medicine in twenty-one compartments for taking medicine three times per day. The attendant can manually set the time of taking medicine or load a text file in an SD card mentioning the time for taking medicine of every compartment. The device has a real-time clock to read the time. When time is matched with the set time, the device plays a sound in the speaker to share the information of medicine quantity and blinks the LED of the specific compartment where medicine is kept for that time. The device also informs the patient whether the medicine should take before a meal or after a meal. The device can ensure the medication safety, appropriate medicine dose, and prevention of drug abusement of elderly people.

Assessment of the antioxidant, thrombolytic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant and anxiolytic activities of leaf extracts and fractions of Tetracera sarmentosa (L.) Vahl.

Abstract: BACKGROUND The plant under investigation (Tetracera sarmentosa) is a dicotyledonous flowering plant and belongs to the family Dilleniaceae. The goal of our investigation was to determine whether the leaf extracts of this plant held any significant medicinal properties. METHODS Leaves of T. sarmentosa were extracted with pure ethanol (EETS) and methanol (METS), and then methanol extract fractioned with n-hexane (NHFMETS) and chloroform (CHFMETS). The extracts and fractions were tested for antioxidant activity, which was measured by using qualitative and quantitative procedures. Thrombolytic activity was evaluated by the clot lysis test. Analgesic activity was evaluated employing the acidic acid-induced writhing test, the formalin-induced paw licking test and tail immersion on Swiss albino mice. The anti-inflammatory activity test was studied using the paw edema test. Forced swimming, tail suspension, elevated plus maze and hole board model tests were used to evaluate neuropharmacological activity. RESULTS All the extracts and fractions possessed antioxidant effects. All the extracts, fractions and streptokinase exhibited significant (p<0.0001) clot lysis. The extracts and fractions produced significant analgesic effects as evaluated by the acetic acid writhing test, the formalin-induced paw licking test and the tail immersion method. Similarly, carrageenan-induced inflammation was significantly antagonized by the treatments. The extracts and fractions also significantly showed neuropharmacological (antidepressant and anxiolytic) effects. CONCLUSIONS The overall results suggested that this plant deserves further investigation to isolate the active compounds which are responsible for these activities and to establish the mechanism of action.

Development of a Voice and SMS Controlled Dot Matrix Display Based Smart Noticing System with RF Transceiver and GSM Modem

Abstract: The noticeboard is a primary thing in any institution or organization to disperse information among the stakeholders. In the busy and fast moving world today, conventional sticking paper notice system is time-consuming and not suitable for quick sharing of information. This paper represents a smart electronic remote noticing system where an authorized accountable person can share information in the notice board anytime from his office room or any places in the world having the cellular network. In the proposed system, notice can be sent in two ways. The user can update notice from his office room either by voice or text message via a smartphone using Bluetooth and RF communication within 1-kilometer distance. In this way, the user sent notice using his own local wireless network and should not pay money to any operator. Another way to update notice by sending SMS using mobile network when the user stays outside of his office room. In this way, the user has to pay SMS charge to the mobile operator. The notices sent by the user are scrolled in a 32X8 LED matrix display. The system can show current notice with two previous notices. It also gives a notification by a buzzer when a new notice is received. This smart notice board can make noticing system of an organization much simple, fast and cost-effective.