Showing papers by "Linköping University published in 1982"
335 citations
TL;DR: Patients aged 70 yr or more, those receiving thoracic extradural puncture and those with reduced ventilatory capacity seemed to be oyerrepresented, and the administration of extradural morphine was considered as a major contributory factor for the occurrence of Ventilatory depression.
Abstract: The Swedish Society of Anaesthetists conducted a nationwide retrospective survey of clinical experience with extradural and intrathecal opiates. Special interest was focused on the frequency and type of ventilatory depression. The questionnaire was answered by 84 of 93 departments (90%). Up to May 1981 extradural morphine had been given to approximately 6000-9150 patients, extradural pethidine to 220-450 and intrathecal morphine to 90-150 patients. Ventilatory depression requiring treatment with naloxone was reported in 23 patients treated with extradural morphine (0.25-0.40%) and in six given intrathecal morphine (4-7%). In 22 patients the administration of extradural morphine was considered as a major contributory factor for the occurrence of ventilatory depression. Only two of these 22 patients experienced ventilatory depression later than 6 h after the last dose of opiates (S.C., i.m., i.v. or extradural). Patients aged 70 yr or more, those receiving thoracic extradural puncture and those with reduced ventilatory capacity seemed to be overrepresented.
315 citations
TL;DR: A model of an overall concept of quality of life is presented here and the theoretical analysis ends in and is woven into an empirical application of alcoholics who receive disability pensions.
Abstract: Despite the fact that, in the current debate, quality of life is depicted as something very desirable, its concept is seldom specified. With regard to previous research into welfare and quality of life, a model of an overall concept of quality of life is presented here. The theoretical analysis ends in and is woven into an empirical application. The application consists of a prospective longitudinal investigation of alcoholics who receive disability pensions. This report is the first in a planned series from the research project "Abuse of alcohol--Disability pension--Quality of life".
261 citations
TL;DR: Football players were in general less flexible than a group of nonplayers of the same age (n = 86), and no correlation was found between past injuries and ex isting muscle tightness.
Abstract: One hundred-eighty players in a male, senior soccer division were examined for past injuries, persisting symptoms from past injuries, and muscular tightness in the lower extremities. Soccer players were in general less flexible than a group of nonplayers of the same age (n = 86). No correlation was found between past injuries and existing muscle tightness. Sprains of the lower extremity, especially of knees and ankles, predominated among the injuries. Persistent instability symptoms were common sequels to knee and ankle injuries. It is proposed that intensive care of acute injuries will improve the late results.
247 citations
TL;DR: The weighted pseudoinverse theory is used to analyse least squares problems with linear and quadratic constraints as mentioned in this paper, and a numerical algorithm for the computation of the weighted pseudo-inverse is briefly described.
Abstract: The weighted pseudoinverse providing the minimum semi-norm solution of the weighted linear least squares problem is studied. It is shown that it has properties analogous to those of the Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse. The relation between the weighted pseudoinverse and generalized singular values is explained. The weighted pseudoinverse theory is used to analyse least squares problems with linear and quadratic constraints. A numerical algorithm for the computation of the weighted pseudoinverse is briefly described.
185 citations
TL;DR: Patients with hyperplasia, keratosis, dysplasia and carcinoma in situ should be carefully followed up, as invasive carcinoma may develop many years after the initial diagnosis.
Abstract: Comparison of reported series of laryngeal lesions is complicated by the inconsistency in the terminology. The classification of these lesions should logically be based on the degrees of dysplasia, as this has a bearing on the prognosis. The material for this study consisted of 193 patients with hyperplasia and/or keratosis, with or without mild dysplasia (Group I), moderate dysplasia (Group II), and severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ (Group III). They were treated over a 14-year period (1966-1979) at Linkoping University Hospital. Of the 98 patients in Group I available for follow-up, 23 had repeat excisions. Moderate dysplasia developed in 3 patients, severe dysplasia in 2, and invasive carcinoma in another 2 within 3 and 3.5 years; they both underwent laryngectomy. Among the 24 patients in Group II available for follow-up, severe dysplasia developed in 3 and invasive carcinoma in 3 up to 13 years after the initial diagnosis, all but one (with severe dysplasia) received a full course of radiotherapy, on one case total laryngectomy was subsequently performed for recurrent carcinoma. Of the 39 patients with severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ 16 were given primary radiotherapy; 4 of these developed invasive carcinoma; 3 of them underwent total laryngectomy and one partial laryngectomy. Excision or stripping of the vocal cords was the primary treatment in 23 cases; 5 of these developed invasive carcinoma; 2 of them underwent total laryngectomy. Diffuse lesions and well differentiated forms of severe dysplasia caused most problems and had the highest incidence of invasive carcinoma irrespective of the form of treatment. Patients with hyperplasia, keratosis, dysplasia and carcinoma in situ should be carefully followed up, as invasive carcinoma may develop many years after the initial diagnosis.
170 citations
TL;DR: It was found that psychiatric illness may be severe in undiagnosed adult coeliac patients, and was found to be the commonest reason for granting disability pension in this series, having occurred in altogether six patients.
Abstract: Adult coeliac patients living in a defined area of Sweden were examined for a history of major psychiatric illness occurring before the coeliac disease had been diagnosed. Eight of 42 patients without dermatitis herpetiformis (19%) and one medical control subject had attended a psychiatric clinic over a 10-year period for neurotic disorders (p < 0.05), mostly depression. Our study shows that psychiatric illness may be severe in undiagnosed adult coeliac patients. It was found to be the commonest reason for granting disability pension in our series, having occurred in altogether six patients.
142 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that depressive psychopathology is a feature of adult coeliac disease and may be a consequence of malabsorption.
Abstract: Psychiatric illness has been observed to be a main cause of disability in undiagnosed adult coeliac disease. A consecutive series of 16 patients with newly detected adult coeliac disease underwent assessment of personality by means of the MMPI. The coeliacs scored high, 70.3 +/- 12.5, only on MMPI scale 2 ('depression'), which was the only significant difference from matched surgical controls. The score correlated 0.66 with daily fat excretion (p less than 0.05) but was unrelated to abdominal complaints. The general intellectual level, assessed by the SRB test, was similar in coeliacs and controls. Our results suggest that depressive psychopathology is a feature of adult coeliac disease and may be a consequence of malabsorption.
135 citations
TL;DR: A clear relationship was observed the applied doses of SLS, the recorded blood flow values and the corresponding scores and in a few cases a deviation from the general trend was observed, implying that the naked eye might be unreliable for the assessment of skin irritancy reactions.
Abstract: It is desirable to use more objective methods than visual scoring for the assessment of skin irritancy reactions. In the present study the blood flow in skin sites exposed to sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) was recorded by a laser Doppler flowmeter. The irritant was applied to the volar forearm of healthy volunteers in concentrations ranging from 0.001% to 5% under occlusion for 24 h. The test sites were scored visually and the blood flow was recorded at 3 different times: 26 h, 48 h and 72 h after the application of SLS. Approximately 950 recordings were performed and a clear relationship was observed between the applied doses of SLS, the recorded blood flow values and the corresponding scores. In a few cases a deviation from the general trend was observed, implying that the naked eye might be unreliable for the assessment of skin irritancy reactions.
135 citations
25 Jan 1982
TL;DR: Transformations which account for pruning, forward data structure propagation and opening are formally introduced and proved to preserve meaning of programs and are related to research in rule-based systems and logic.
Abstract: An operational semantics of the Prolog programming language is introduced. Meta-IV is used to specify the semantics. One purpose of the work is to provide a specification of an implementation of a Prolog interpreter. Another one is an application of this specification to a formal description of program optimization techniques based on the principle of partial evaluation.Transformations which account for pruning, forward data structure propagation and opening (which also provides backward data structure propagation) are formally introduced and proved to preserve meaning of programs. The so defined transformations provide means to inference data structures in an applicative language. The theoretical investigation is then shortly related to research in rule-based systems and logic.An efficient well-integrated partial evaluation system is available in Qlog --- a Lisp programming environment for Prolog.
124 citations
TL;DR: The concentrations of three major monoamine metabolites in samples of lumbar cerebrospinal fluid of ten consecutive adults with newly detected coeliac disease were inversely correlated with depressive symptoms reported on the MMPI scale 2, which conforms with current concepts on the pathogenesis of depression.
Abstract: Untreated adult coeliac patients have previously been shown to have a high frequency of depressive symptoms as reported in a personality inventory (the MMPI). In the present study we determined the concentrations of three major monoamine metabolites in samples of lumbar cerebrospinal fluid of ten consecutive adults with newly detected coeliac disease. They showed significant reduction in levels of 5-HIAA (70.3 ± 25.4 pmol/ml), HVA (128.2 ± 58.3 pmol/ml), and MOPEG (27.7 ± 7.4 pmol/ml), indicating reduced central metabolism in all three monoamine pathways. The concentrations, in particular that of MOPEG, were inversely correlated with depressive symptoms reported on the MMPI scale 2 (‘depression’), which conforms with current concepts on the pathogenesis of depression.
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of pyrrole and the fluoborate ion in the polymerization process has been investigated at room temperature under potentiostatic and galvanostatic conditions.
Abstract: The formation of polypyrrole on some metallic films (Pt,Pd,Ti,Au,Ni,Cr,In,Al,Fe,Ag, etc.) has been studied under potentiostatic and galvanostatic conditions. The role of pyrrole and the fluoborate ion in the polymerization process has been investigated at room temperature. From the analysis of galvanostatic current-potential curves it has been possible to distinguish the particular processes: initiator formation, polymerization, polymer degradation, and gas evolution. The polymerization in acetonitrile is indirectly initiated with a reaction order of /approximately equals/1 with respect to the BF/sub 4//sup -/ concentration. There are at least two different kinds of polypyrrole, depending on polymerization potential, that differ structurally. The formation of polymers on nonpolarized electrodes has also been observed. This work is pertinent to solar cells. 23 refs.
TL;DR: Soft tissue sarcoma and malignant lymphoma have been related to exposure to chlorinated phenoxy acids or chlorophenols, but colon cancer studied by the same case-referent design did not show any such associations, which helps to rule out alleged systematical bias of the study approach.
Abstract: Soft tissue sarcoma and malignant lymphoma have been related to exposure to chlorinated phenoxy acids or chlorophenols as well as exposure to organic solvents and malignant lymphoma. However, colon cancer studied by the same case-referent design did not show any such associations, which helps to rule out alleged systematical bias of the study approach. Further considerations about exposure routes for phenoxy acids and chlorophenols suggested that nasal and nasopharyngeal cancers should be studied. Forty-four cases with nasal cancer and 27 cases with nasopharyngeal cancer were eligible for study during 1970-1979 together with 541 referents, as utilized also in the aforementioned studies. Exposure to phenoxy acids gave formally a doubled but insignificant risk for the studied cancer types. Exposure to chlorophenols, as present particularly in woodwork, was related to an about sevenfold and significant increase in the risk for both cancer types. In woodworkers without exposure to chlorophenols there was an approximate normal risk, but cabinet makers, even without exposure to chlorophenols, had nearly doubled (but insignificant) risk of nasal cancer.
TL;DR: An algorithm is described for the selection of model structure for identifying state-space models of 'black box' character and it is discussed how the model structure selection algorithm can be interfaced with an off-line identification procedure.
TL;DR: A mathematical model for the occurrence of nonoverlapping pulse-shaped waveforms corrupted with colored Gaussian noise is considered for the purpose of QRS detection and Adaptivity of the detector is gained by utilizing past as well as future signal properties in determining thresholds for QRS acceptance.
Abstract: A mathematical model for the occurrence of nonoverlapping pulse-shaped waveforms corrupted with colored Gaussian noise is considered for the purpose of QRS detection. The number of waveforms, the arrival times, amplitudes, and widths are regarded as random variables. The joint MAP estimation of all the unknown quantities consists of linear filtering followed by an optimization procedure. A class of filters is introduced which is easy to implement. The mismatching obtained by using this class for detection of model QRS complexes is investigated. The optimization procedure is time-consuming and is modified so that a threshold test is obtained. The model formulation with nonoverlapping waveforms leads to an "eye-closing" procedure covering a segment before as well as after an accepted event. Adaptivity of the detector is gained by utilizing past as well as future signal properties in determining thresholds for QRS acceptance.
TL;DR: In a controlled clinical study of 20 patients undergoing arthrotomy a single dose of morphine 0.05 mg kg-1 administered extradurally resulted in more pronounced and prolonged pain relief than morphine 0% i.m. in the period immediately after operation.
Abstract: SUMMARY In a controlled clinical study of 20 patients undergoing arthrotomy a single dose of morphine 0.05 mg kg-1 administered extradurally resulted in more pronounced and prolonged pain relief than morphine 0.1 mg kg-1 i.m. in the period immediately after operation. This difference was significant between 2 and 11 h after morphine administration. The maximum analgesic effect for nine patients in the extradural group was obtained about 2 h after injection. Two of 10 in the extradural group experienced urinary retention. Other side-effects were mild for both groups. Plasma concentrations of morphine were measured in five patients in each group. Four hours after administration, morphine was not detectable in plasma in any of the extradural group and in two of the i.m. group. Our study gives further support for the theory that extradural morphine acts on the spinal cord.
TL;DR: In this paper, the metal defects are due to hydrogen induced stresses in the palladium film and the degradation can be avoided by being aware of this problem and avoiding the degradation in the future.
Abstract: Blister formation in palladium gate metal-insulator-semiconductor hydrogen sensors occurs even at low hydrogen pressures and leads to erroneous measurements. The metal defects are due to hydrogen induced stresses in the palladium film. Being aware of this problem, the degradation can be avoided.
TL;DR: The findings suggest that psychiatric patients who commit suicide, often are drug and alcohol abusers and neurotics with symptoms of depression, and after the initial contact they receive less outpatient treatment than controls.
Abstract: In order to find possible factors predicting suicide among psychiatric patients, a prospective study of 2,184 in- and outpatients treated at the Department of Psychiatry, Linkoping, Sweden, during 1976 was made. Information was obtained by semi-structured interview covering demographics, diagnosis, symptomatology, life events and received treatment, supplemented by officially registered information about annual income, public assistance, sick-leave and cause of death. During the period of observation (1-2 years), 34 patients had committed suicide. These were matched according to age, sex, diagnosis and in- or outpatient status with controls from the original census. The findings suggest that psychiatric patients who commit suicide, often are drug and alcohol abusers and neurotics with symptoms of depression. They often have made suicide attempts earlier in their lives, are often widowed and have suffered loss of key persons by death. After the initial contact they receive less outpatient treatment than controls. Their method of committing suicide is mainly by intoxication.
TL;DR: It was found that noradrenaline as well as adrenaline caused a significant decrease in blood flow when 10 micrograms was injected and catecholamines can exert rapid effects on testicular blood flow.
Abstract: Laser Doppler flowmetry was used to continuously measure testicular blood flow in rats. The method was found applicable on surgically exposed testes. Regular oscillations in blood flow, with a periodicity of 8.6 +/- 0.7 cycles per minute (mean +/- SD), were observed in recordings from 22 to 23 rats. Clamping of the testicular artery reduced the blood flow signal to background values. Effects of catecholamines administered into the tail artery on testicular blood flow together with systemic effects on mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were measured. It was found that noradrenaline as well as adrenaline caused a significant decrease in blood flow when 10 micrograms was injected. Only noradrenaline decreased the blood flow when 1 microgram was given. The large oscillations detected in the blood flow recordings disappeared quickly when 10 or 1 micrograms of both hormones was administered. It was concluded that catecholamines can exert rapid effects on testicular blood flow.
TL;DR: In this paper, the potential and impedance variations were measured for electrode movements in electrolytes, and the streaming potentials were electrolyte-concentration dependent and in the order of 10μV.
Abstract: Movement-induced potentials of streaming potential type were studied in various electrode configurations. The geometric design of the electrode was important for the reduction of noise generated by the movements of gel. Potential and impedance variations were measured for electrode movements in electrolytes. The impedance variations were small and the streaming potentials were electrolyte-concentration dependent and in the order of 10μV. The same type of study was carried out for electrodes applied to the skin. The conclusion from this experiment is that skin deformation potentials dominate the disturbance pattern in this type of recordings.
TL;DR: It is suggested that abnormal proinsulin secretion is a feature of the ‘B-cell exhaustion’ complex in juvenile-onset diabetes.
Abstract: B-cell function was studied in 20 diabetic children, with an age at onset of diabetes between 1–16 years (8.8 ± 4.0). Serum samples were taken before the first insulin injection and after 1, 3, 6, 9 and in a few patients after 18 months. At 3, 9, and 18 months the patients were also given a standardized breakfast load. Serum proinsulin, C-peptide, IRI and insulin antibodies (IgG) were determined. At onset 19 patients had measurable C-peptide (0.22 ± 0.17 pmol/ml; range 0.05–0.58). Proinsulin varied between 0.000–0.25 pmol/ml (0.069 ± 0.071) and at onset amounted to 31.3 ± 29.4 (0–100)% of C-peptide as compared to 3.3 ± 1.1 (1.7–6.6) in non-diabetics. A long partial remission was significantly correlated to a low proinsulin/C-peptide ratio at onset. In patients with low fasting proinsulin and no insulin antibodies, breakfast stimulation was accompanied by an increased proinsulin release at 3 and 9 months. The results suggest that abnormal proinsulin secretion is a feature of the ‘B-cell exhaustion’ complex in juvenile-onset diabetes.
TL;DR: Oncocytic cysts of the larynx, comprising 0.5–1 % of all laryngeal specimens, are benign lesions with a tendency to multifocal involvement occurring in patients over the age of 50.
Abstract: Oncocytic cysts of the larynx, comprising 0.5–1 % of all laryngeal specimens, are benign lesions with a tendency to multifocal involvement occurring in patients over the age of 50. The pathological...
TL;DR: During a 10 year period (1969-1978) 922 patients with facial fractures were hospitalized at the Department of Otolaryngology, Jönköping Central County Hospital, Sweden, and eighty percent were men.
Abstract: During a 10 year period (1969-1978) 922 patients with facial fractures were hospitalized at the Department of Otolaryngology, Jonkoping Central County Hospital, Sweden. Eighty percent were men. The peak incidence occurred at the age of 21-30 years. The yearly number of facial fractures was doubled between 1969 and 1974, after which no marked increase was noted. The aetiologies of the fractures were fights (28%), traffic accidents (23.5%), sport activities (17.4%). There was a comparatively low number of work related facial fractures in this study (8.1%). Front seat passengers, car drivers and cyclists represented a great portion of the traffic injury group. The number of fractures caused by traffic accidents decreased after 1974, a fact that may be due to the safety-belt law. Language: en
TL;DR: In this paper, a 4 f -surface component is resolved with 0.63 eV binding energy shift for Eu and Gd, and the mean free path of photoelectrons is determined.
TL;DR: Agarose isoelectric focusing and radioimmunofixation are both useful alternatives for the demonstration of oligoclonal bands in CSF, and the method for unconcentrated CSF can be safely applied when only small CSF volumes are available.
TL;DR: This paper describes a recently developed method for determination of urinary oxalate, based on a reversed-phase ion-pair “high-performance” liquid chromatography (HPLC) and describes a comparison performed between this method, the colorimetric method of Hodgkinson and Williams3, and a commercial enzymatic method.
Abstract: Calcium oxalate is an important constituent of the majority of renal stones. Thus measurement of urinary oxalate has become essential in the basic evaluation of the urolithiasis patient. However, the large number of published methods indicate the presence of considerable methodological difficulties1. In this paper we describe our recently developed method for determination of urinary oxalate, based on a reversed-phase ion-pair “high-performance” liquid chromatography (HPLC)2. We also describe a comparison performed between our HPLC method, the colorimetric method of Hodgkinson and Williams3, and a commercial enzymatic method4.