Showing papers by "Miami University published in 1979"
TL;DR: This report concerns itself with documenting the ways in which a man learns that he is homosexual, how he realizes or decides that he are gay, and how he integrates this affectional and sexual preference into his identity or self-conception.
Abstract: How do male homosexuals who choose homosexuality as a way of life recall having acquired their gay identities? This question provided the impetus for the descriptive study presented here. Rather than concerning itself with the etiology of homosexuality, this report-- a synthesis of and elaboration on recent investigations of homosexual and/or gay identity--concerns itself with documenting the ways in which a man learns that he is homosexual, how he realizes or decides that he is gay, and how he integrates this affectional and sexual preference into his identity or self-conception.
363 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss attributional confidence, either in retroactive explanations of behavior or in proactive predictions of behavior, as a way of operationalizing uncertainty, and construct instruments for assessing attributionalconfidence either through the proactive mode or through the retroactive mode.
Abstract: Attributional confidence, either in retroactive explanations of behavior or in proactive predictions of behavior, is discussed as a way of operationalizing uncertainty. Instruments for assessing attributional confidence either through the proactive mode or through the retroactive mode are constructed, and reliability and validity evidence are presented. Hypotheses derived from the axioms of uncertainty reduction theory are tested. Attributional confidence may be one way of making the nominal construct of uncertainty subject to direct testing.
229 citations
01 Mar 1979
124 citations
TL;DR: A finding which supports the hypothesis that a different visual process underlies each of the two sensations in a previously described bistable stroboscopic movement display was found.
99 citations
75 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the Complex Classroom: A Research Focus, pp. 145-151, the authors discuss the role of complex classroom environments as behavior settings in complex learning environments.
Abstract: (1979). School environments as behavior settings. Theory Into Practice: Vol. 18, The Complex Classrooms: A Research Focus, pp. 145-151.
55 citations
01 Jan 1979
TL;DR: An Oriental fable tells of six blind men who found an elephant and did not know what it was, and each believed he knew just how the animal looked; and each called the others hard names because they did not agree with him.
Abstract: An Oriental fable tells of six blind men who found an elephant and did not know what it was. They described it as resembling a wall, a spear, a snake, a tree, a fan, or a rope; depending on which part each had touched. Each believed he knew just how the animal looked; and each called the others hard names because they did not agree with him. One finds similarly diverse opinions of how certain treatments, or environmental situations, influence phenolic enzymes or phenolic accumulations76, 112.
52 citations
TL;DR: This article argued that Schonemann's conclusions are for the most part unjustified, and pointed out that there are two common uses of the SDS model: one which can adequately deal with the identifiability problem and the other for which the problem is not relevant.
51 citations
47 citations
44 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors determined the 87.87 Sr 86 Sr ratios for one oil and fourteen brines collected from three petroleum reservoirs in southeastern Ohio: the North Logan and Triadelphia fields, both of which are contained within the Clinton sandstone; and the Macksburg field which is contained in the Berea sandstone.
TL;DR: In this article, subjects from three different residential locations were asked to indicate their knowledge of the same environment by estimating the distances between pairs of geographic locations and arranging markers on a "map-board" to represent the locations and distances between them, and it was tentatively concluded that the distance estimation procedure probably yields a more accurate portrayal of internal representations than does the mapping technique.
Abstract: Samples of subjects from three different residential locations were asked to indicate their knowledge of the same environment by (a) estimating the distances between pairs of geographic locations and (b) arranging markers on a "map-board" to represent the locations and the distances between them. Comparisons of the results between methods revealed striking differences which lead to discrepant and even contradictory conclusions about the impact of residential location on cognitive representations of distance and of spatial relationships. On the basis of a logical analysis of task demands, it was tentatively concluded that the distance estimation procedure probably yields a more accurate portrayal of internal representations than does the mapping technique.
TL;DR: In this article, a first-order model of the 3He•Ar 1.79μm laser is developed, compared to experimental results, and used to explain the qualitative features of this system.
Abstract: Theoretical models of nuclear‐pumped lasers are of interest for the purpose of system optimization and identification of new and more efficient nuclear‐pumped laser systems. A first‐order model of the 3He‐Ar 1.79‐μm laser is developed, compared to experimental results, and used to explain the qualitative features of this system. The results indicate that direct excitation of the argon upper level is at best very inefficient for population inversion. For argon concentrations which give the most efficient laser operation, the 3He(n,p)3H energy is used to produce atomic helium ions that quickly convert into helium molecular ions. These molecular ions subsequently form argon atomic ions through charge transfer. The dominant pumping mechanism is collisional‐radiative recombination of the argon atomic ion and subsequent radiative cascading into the upper laser level. The formation of argon molecular ions is in competition with argon atomic ion recombination; this combined with the dissociative recombination of argon molecular ions into the lower laser level terminates laser action for argon concentrations above 20%.
TL;DR: Fire was applied in late July 1969, to one of two comparable 0.4-ha fenced enclosures, each previously planted in oats and stocked with three species of small mammals, house mice, deer mice, and meadow voles, whereas all three species prevailed in the control grid.
Abstract: Fire was applied in late July 1969, to one of two comparable 0.4-ha fenced enclosures, each previously planted in oats ( Avena sativa ) and stocked with three species of small mammals, house mice ( Mus musculus ), deer mice ( Peromyscus maniculatus ), and meadow voles ( Microtus pennsylvanicus ). By late winter both Mus and Microtus had disappeared from the burned grid, whereas all three species prevailed in the control grid. Mus reached a population density of approximately 120 individuals in the unburned grid during March 1970. Oat seeds helped to account for this population explosion. Microtus failed to reproduce in both enclosures throughout the study. Peromyscus population density was reduced approximately 50% after fire treatment. There was no evidence that fire directly killed any small mammals.
TL;DR: This article found that tadpoles trained to move toward a compass direction outdoors orientated predictably at sunrise and sunset under clear sky with the sun out of view, but did not orientate under overcast sky.
TL;DR: Protoplasts isolated from 6-d-old primary leaves of barley contain an enzyme which transfers the glucosyl moiety of uridine-diphosphateglucose to isovitexin, resulting in the formation of saponarin, the major flavonoid of barley.
Abstract: Protoplasts isolated from 6-d-old primary leaves of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) contain an enzyme which transfers the glucosyl moiety of uridine-diphosphateglucose to isovitexin, resulting in the formation of saponarin, the major flavonoid of barley. Purified chloroplasts isolated from protoplasts contained less than 2% of the total glucosyltransferase activity. These chloroplasts were 97% intact, based on ribulose-bisphosphate-carboxylase activity. Similarly low levels of glucosyltransferase activity were found in mitochondria and microbody or microsomal preparations from protoplasts. The soluble fraction (cytosol) contained at least 93% of the isovitexin 7-O-glucosyltransferase activity.
TL;DR: This article found that professional women generally interacted more with primary relatives and friends, but less with extended kin, while never-married professional women were relatively high in interaction with extended kinsmen and had low interaction with their extended kin.
Abstract: Standardized indices were used to compare frequency of interaction outside the household with various types of kin and with friends for 131 married, widowed, or never-married older women who had retired from professional or clerical employment. Widows from both occupational backgrounds had the highest levels of interaction with friends and with primary relatives (parents, siblings, and children). These results call into question earlier studies reporting on the social isolation of widows. Compared to clerical women, professional women generally interacted more with primary relatives and friends, but less with extended kin. Never-married professional women were relatively high in interaction with extended kin while never-married clerical women had low interaction with extended kin. Other comparisons are discussed, and several implications for further research are introduced.
TL;DR: Comparing specific verbal response mode (VRM) indices with the more global Experiencing (EXP) Scale suggests that good process may be measurable on an utterance-by-utterancebasis, and the strongest VRM correlate of EXP level was the percentage of utterances that were Disclosure in form and intent
Abstract: William B. Stiles, Susan H. McDaniel, and Kim McGaugheyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillThis study, one in a series seeking indices of good psychotherapy processin the client's verbal behavior, compared specific verbal response mode(VRM) indices with the more global Experiencing (EXP) Scale, a mea-sure reported to correlate with positive psychotherapy outcome. Stiles'sVRM taxonomy was used to code the 90 transcribed interview segmentspublished in the EXP manual. As predicted, the strongest VRM correlateof EXP level was the percentage of utterances that were Disclosure in form(first person; "I") and intent (revealing subjective experience). Resultssuggest that good process may be measurable on an utterance-by-utterancebasis.Psychotherapists of different theoreticalorientations systematically use different profilesof verbal response modes (VRMs), but clientsuse approximately the same profile despitetherapist differences (Stiles, 1979; Stiles S Disclosure uses the speak-er's internal frame of reference, whereas Edifi-cation uses a neutral frame of reference sharedwith the other. To illustrate, "I'm afraid ofhim" is D(D); "It scared me" is E(D) ; "Iran away" is D(E) ; and "He shouted at me"is E(E), Running and shouting are objectivematters (Edification intent) ; fear is the speak-er's subjective experience (Disclosure intent).Th e EXP scal is a fully anchored 7-pointLikert-type rating scale developed to measureth e primary client process variabl in thclient-centered theory of personality change:At a low level on the continuum of experiencing,discourse is markedly impersonal or superficial.Moving up the scale, there is a progression fromsimple, limited or externalized self-references to
TL;DR: Regression equations generated from maximum R2 improvement techniques indicated that a battery of perceptual and perceptual-motor performances at pre-kindergarten is useful for prediction of cognitive performance 1 yr.
Abstract: Multiple regression equations were generated to predict cognitive achievement for 189 young children (ages 57 to 92 mo.) 1 yr. after original administration of a battery of perceptual-motor, perceptual, and cognitive tests. Regression equations generated from maximum R2 improvement techniques indicated that a battery of perceptual and perceptual-motor performances at pre-kindergarten is useful for prediction of cognitive performance 1 yr. later at kindergarten level. This battery included one fine and two gross perceptual-motor tasks, and one visual and two auditory perceptual tasks. Inclusion of original cognitive performances did not improve the optimal prediction equation for this age group. In contrast, cognitive achievement at first grade and, particularly, at second grade levels was best predicted from knowledge of earlier cognitive performances.
TL;DR: It is concluded that pipecolic acid is converted to lysine in R. glutinis via alpha-aminoadipic-semialdehyde and saccharopine, which in solution remains in equilibrium with Delta(1)-piperideine-6-carboxylic acid.
Abstract: The role of pipecolic acid in the biosynthesis of lysine was investigated in Rhodotorula glutinis, an aerobic red yeast. Supplementation of pipecolic acid in the minimal medium supported the growth of mutants lys2, lys3, and lys5; α-aminoadipic acid supported the growth of lys5; but neither α-aminoadipic acid nor pipecolic acid supported the growth of mutants MNNG42 and MNNG37. During the growth of the appropriate mutants, pipecolic acid was removed from the growth medium and the intracellular pool. In tracer experiments, radioactivity from [14C]pipecolic acid was selectively incorporated into the cellular lysine of lys5 and the wild-type strain. l-Pipecolic acid-dependent enzyme activity did not require any cofactor and was inhibited by mercuric chloride and potassium cyanide. This activity was present in the wild-type strain and all of the mutants tested and was repressed in mutant lys5 when grown in the presence of higher concentration of lysine. The reaction product of pipecolic acid was converted to saccharopine by lys5 enzyme in the presence of glutamate and reduced nicotin-amide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. Mutant MNNG37 lacked the saccharopine dehydrogenase activity, indicating that this step is involved in the conversion of α-aminoadipic acid and pipecolic acid to lysine. Mutants MNNG37 and MNNG42 accumulated a p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde-reacting product in the culture supernatant and in the intracellular pool. Chromatographic properties of the p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde adduct and that of the pipecolic acid-dependent reaction product were similar. The reaction product and the accumulation product were characterized on the basis of mass and absorption spectra as α-aminoadipic-semialdehyde, which in solution remains in equilibrium with Δ1-piperideine-6-carboxylic acid. Since α-aminoadipic-semialdehyde is a known intermediate of the α-aminoadipic acid pathway for the biosynthesis of lysine, it is concluded that pipecolic acid is converted to lysine in R. glutinis via α-aminoadipic-semialdehyde and saccharopine.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a model for the accumulation of the carbonate sediments is independent of bottom topography and conditions of accumulation of terrigenous mud, and the model proposed for the community spread laterally as skeletal debris swept from atop the growing centers stabilized the peripheral muds.
Abstract: Vertical and lateral changes in composition occur within 13 individual limestone beds of the Waynesville (Upper Dillsboro) Formation (Upper Ordovician) near Brookville, Indiana. Fossil allochems formed approximately 40%. and carbonate ooze 60% of the original carbonate sediment, with later conversion of most of the ooze to microspar and pseudospar. The relative abundances of individual constituents, however, vary between the top, center, bottom, and margins of each limestone bed. The centers of the beds are distinguished from the tops, bottoms, and margins of beds using certain variables and discriminant function analysis. Variables important in separation include neomorphic sparry calcite and echinoderms within the bed centers, and micrite, bryozoans, and brachiopods within the tops, bottoms, and margins of beds. An increase in faunal diversity from the bottoms to the centers of beds indicates rapid community succession. A decrease in faunal diversity from the centers to the tops of the limestone beds indicates community degradation. The writers propose that a subtidal, terrigenous mud substrate was colonized by thin, flat, brachiopods (Onniella). The accumulation of these valves provided a pavement upon which erect bryozoans could grow. Further stabilization of the substrate allowed crinoids to become established. A wave-current baffle was produced in the denser parts of the community by the abundant growth of bryozoans and crinoids creating low energy conditions favorable for the simultaneous accumulation of unsorted allochems and ooze. The community spread laterally as skeletal debris swept from atop the growing centers stabilized the peripheral muds. Carbonate accumulation terminated when mobilized, muddy, bottom sediment, thrown into suspension under storm conditions, settled and smothered the community. The model proposed for the accumulation of the carbonate sediments is independent of bottom topography and conditions of accumulation of terrigenous mud.
TL;DR: The ultrastructure of microbodies in developing zoosporangia ofEntophlyctis variabilis was studied by three dimensional reconstructions from serial sections and by cytochemical localization of catalase activity to indicate that the microbody assemblage with other organelles represents functional units where propinquity to otherorganelles and intraluminal continuities insure a system for transport of substrates and products.
Abstract: The ultrastructure of microbodies in developing zoosporangia ofEntophlyctis variabilis was studied by three dimensional reconstructions from serial sections and by cytochemical localization of catalase activity. The morphology of microbodies and the spatial association of microbodies with other organelles varied during fungal development. In incipient zoo-sporangia, granular dilations resembling microbodies arose from rough ER. Young, enlarging zoosporangia contained elongate, contorted microbodies continuous with ER and aligned along bundles of microtubules. Oval, paired microbodies, lying on each side of an ER cisternae, were found in all zoosporangia, but in older zoosporangia this configuration of microbodies predominated. Analysis of serial sections revealed that these oval, paired microbodies were sometimes continuous with each other, with ER, and also apparently with the ER cisterna interposed between them. Other paired, oval microbodies were clearly discrete. Constrictions were found along the length of elongate microbodies and at junctions between oval microbodies. These constrictions may represent stages in fragmentation of microbodies from pre-existing microbodies. These observations suggest that microbodies originated in three ways: 1. as local dilations in tubular ER, 2. as lateral buds from opposite sides of ER cisternae, and 3. as fragments from elongate microbodies. Microbodies were consistently spatially associated with ER, nuclear envelopes, and mitochondria. The cisterna of ER passing between paired microbodies sometimes extended into a branching, tubular system of ER which curved around the side of one microbody and lay between this microbody and the forming face of a dictyosome. The cytochemical localization of thiamine pyrophosphatase activity in this cisterna when it is not associated with dictyosomes suggests a role in metabolic control. These spatial associations indicate that the microbody assemblage with other organelles represents functional units where propinquity to other organelles and intraluminal continuities insure a system for transport of substrates and products.
TL;DR: In this article, a modified oriented gas model is proposed to assign vibrational assignments for the observed spectra of crystalline oxamic acid and its sodium salt based on a modified odometry.
TL;DR: It appears that the high knowledgeables are less likely to see the elderly as a special group in terms of service delivery, and a lack of clear difference between high and low knowledgeables suggests that an accurate knowledge base is not a primary factor in the perception of service Delivery to the elderly.
Abstract: Following the assumption that practitioners' levels of knowledge and perceptions of their clients' characteristics affect the delivery of services, 200 clinical social workers were questioned regarding knowledge of and attitudes toward elderly persons. Palmore's (1977) Facts on Aging quiz provides the basis for determining whether respondents can be classified as high or low knowledgeables. Knowledge scores are found to be positively related to age, but not to sex of respondent, number of years with the MSW degree, or exposure to gerontology courses during graduate training. T-tests of mean scores and partial correlation coefficients (controlling for age) on 19 attitude items relating to various aspects of the elderly and their needs reveal few statistically significant differences between high and low knowledgeables. It appears that the high knowledgeables are less likely to see the elderly as a special group in terms of service delivery. However, this lack of clear difference between high and low knowle...
TL;DR: The results are discussed in terms of the balance of biosynthesis and degradation of flavonoids in the primary leaf throughout its development from juvenile to senescent stages under field conditions.
TL;DR: This paper analyzed the decision-making processes in eight committees of the U.S. House of Representatives and found that partisanship and ideology have become stronger influences on committee decision making than previously noted.
Abstract: This study undertakes a major reanalysis of the decision-making processes in eight committees of the U.S. House of Representatives-Agriculture, Education and Labor, Interior and Insular Affairs, International Relations, Interstate and Foreign Commerce, Post Office and Civil Service, Public Works and Ways and Means. While past studies have relied mainly on interviews, this study uses a data base composed of recorded committee roll-call votes. The analysis consists of a Q-component analysis to determine voting blocs or factions; an R-component analysis to discover issue dimensions; and step-wise regression and correlation utilizing demographic, political and electoral characteristics to define the nature of the voting blocs. The results are then compared with previous analyses of the same eight committees to determine what changes, if any, have occurred since the committees were last analyzed. The findings suggest that partisanship and ideology have become stronger influences on committee decision making than previously noted.
TL;DR: In this paper, the laser Raman and infrared spectra of crystalline oxalyl hydrazide and semioxamazide have been obtained in the region 4000-40 cm −1 and interpreted on the basis of a modified oriented gas model.
TL;DR: The history of the National Association of School Psychologists: The First Decade is described in this article, with a focus on the first decade of the 1970s. But it is not a complete history.
Abstract: (1979). History of the National Association of School Psychologists: The First Decade. School Psychology Review: Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 140-152.
TL;DR: In this paper, it was hypothesized that the cognitive representation of distances between locations in an environment is a function not only of the environment's structure, but also of a person's pattern of travel within the environment.
Abstract: It was hypothesized that the cognitive representation of distances between locations in an environment is a function not only of the environment's structure, but also of a person's pattern of travel within the environment. In the present study subjects were exposed to an experimental environment in which some locations were separated either by an opaque or a transparent barrier and other locations were not separated by any barrier. As subjects learned where the locations were, they were required to follow a specific route that allowed travel between some locations in each category but not others. Afterward subjects were asked to reproduce from memory the separation between pairs of locations. The results supported the hypothesis. Recalled distance between locations was significantly affected by both movement patterns of subjects and structural aspects of the environment (type of barrier and actual separation between locations). These results are interpreted in terms of the types of information made available through particular movement patterns and the corresponding salience of that information.