National Nuclear Energy Commission

About: National Nuclear Energy Commission is a government organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Dosimetry & Laser. The organization has 3816 authors who have published 4694 publications receiving 59951 citations.

Prevention and treatment of mice paw edema by near-infrared low-level laser therapy on lymph nodes

Abstract: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been demonstrated to modulate inflammatory processes and immunological responses. The aim of this work was to investigate the hypothesis that near infrared LLLT (830 nm) over lymph nodes may reduce paw edema and contribute to the modulation of inflammation. The edema was induced by carrageenan inoculation (CGN) into the plantar surface of 100 male mice left hind paw. Animals were divided into five groups: CGN (control), no treatment; Diclo, sodium diclofenac; Paw, LLLT on the paw; Ly, LLLT on the inguinal lymph nodes; and Paw+Ly, LLLT in both paw and lymph nodes, and subdivided according to moment of irradiation: A-1 h and 2 h before CGN, B-1 h and immediately before CGN, C-1 and 2 h after CGN, and D-3.5 and 4.5 h after CGN. The parameters used were: energy=1 J, fluence=35 J/cm(2), power=100 mW during 10 s. Paw volume was measured before and 1 to 6 h after CGN, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was analyzed. Edema prevention was obtained by the irradiation of Paw+Ly at moment A and at Ly at moment B, inhibition of edema formation was achieved by either Paw or Ly at moment C, and edema treatment was obtained by Paw or Ly at moment D (p<0.05). MPO activity was significantly reduced on Paw at moment A, Paw and Ly on C, and in all irradiated groups on B and D. Our results suggest that LLLT was able to produce both anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory effects depending on to the site and moment of irradiation.

Hypermethylation of a New Distal Sodium/Iodide Symporter (NIS) enhancer (NDE) is associated with reduced NIS expression in thyroid tumors.

Abstract: Context: In thyroid tumors, reduced radioiodine uptake is associated with worse patient outcome concomitantly with low sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) mRNA expression. Previous studies showed that CpG-island methylation in the NIS proximal promoter does not correlate with mRNA expression. Objectives: The aim of the study was to identify new CpG-islands within the NIS 5′region and investigate the involvement of their methylation in NIS expression. Design: DNA was obtained from 30 pairs of thyroid samples: tumor (T) and surrounding nontumor (NT) samples. All T samples had reduced NIS mRNA expression compared to NT samples. Main Outcome Measures: Methylation degree was quantified by bisulfite sequencing, and NIS expression by real-time PCR and Western blot. Reporter gene assays were performed to determine CpG-island functionality. Tumor cell cultures were treated with 5-Aza demethylating agent to determine NIS expression, methylation status, and 125I uptake. Results: We identified a new CpG-island2 with 14 CpG...