New Generation University College

About: New Generation University College is a education organization based out in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 17440 authors who have published 28460 publications receiving 667288 citations. The organization is also known as: National University College.

Predictors of operative morbidity and mortality in gastric cancer surgery

Abstract: Background: The aim of this study was to identify factors that predict morbidity and mortality in gastric cancer surgery. Methods: Data on 719 consecutive patients who underwent operations for gastric cancer at Seoul National University Hospital between January and December 2002 were reviewed. Results: Overall morbidity and mortality rates were 17·4 per cent (125 patients) and 0·6 per cent (four patients) respectively, and the rates of surgical and non-surgical complications were 14·7 per cent (106 patients) and 3·3 per cent (24 patients). Morbidity rates were higher in patients aged over 50 years (odds ratio (OR) 1·04 (95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 1·02 to 1·06)), when the gastric tumour was resected with another organ (36 per cent for combined resection versus 15·4 per cent for gastrectomy only; OR 3·25 (95 per cent c.i. 1·76 to 6·03)) and when gastrojejunostomy was used for reconstruction after subtotal gastrectomy (17·0 per cent for Billroth II versus 9·5 per cent for Billroth I; OR 2·00 (95 per cent c.i. 1·05 to 3·79)). Only three patients (2·8 per cent) with a surgical complication underwent reoperation, two for adhesive obstruction and one for intra-abdominal bleeding. Conclusion: Age, combined resection and Billroth II reconstruction after radical subtotal gastrectomy were independently associated with the development of complications after gastric cancer surgery. Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Anti-PD-1 antitumor immunity is enhanced by local and abrogated by systemic chemotherapy in GBM.

Abstract: Cancer immunotherapy is rapidly increasing in prominence and being applied for a growing number of cancer types. Chemotherapy is still the mainstay of cancer treatment, however, and it can be difficult to find good ways to combine the two approaches. Mathios et al . addressed this problem by systematically evaluating the effectiveness of local or systemic chemotherapy given before or after immune checkpoint inhibition in mouse models of glioblastoma. The authors demonstrated that local chemotherapy was particularly effective in combination with checkpoint inhibition, whereas systemic chemotherapy was too damaging to the immune system to make for useful combinations.

Increased interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and interferon-γ in airway CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in atopic asthma

Abstract: Increased Th2 cytokine production in asthma is widely accepted, but excess production by asthmatic human airway CD4+ T cells has not been demonstrated, nor has a relationship with disease severity. The importance of airway CD8+ T cell type 1 and type 2 cytokine production in asthma is unknown. We investigated frequencies of IFN-γ, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 producing CD4+ and CD8+ blood and sputum T cells from normal subjects and subjects with asthma and compared between cell subsets, subject groups, and body compartments with and without in vitro stimulation and investigated relationships between cytokine production and asthma severity. Production of IL-4, IL-5, and IFN-γ by unstimulated sputum CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was increased in subjects with asthma and related to disease severity, more for CD8+ than for CD4+ T cells. Frequencies of sputum CD8+ T cells producing type 1 and type 2 cytokines were similar to those of CD4+ T cells. In vitro stimulation polarized peripheral blood cytokine production towa...