Northumbria University

About: Northumbria University is a education organization based out in Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Context (language use) & Population. The organization has 5624 authors who have published 17423 publications receiving 381949 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Northumbria at Newcastle.

Use of CdS:O and CdSe as Window layers for CdTe Photovoltaics

Abstract: CdTe devices comprising of a CdS:O/CdSe dual window layer structure have been fabricated and characterised. Devices produced using a wider band gap CdS:O show increased photocurrent at short wavelengths and device performance is increased from 10% to 12% in comparison to a CdS layer. Cells with the addition of a CdSe layer show evidence of a reduced band gap through the formation of Cd‘I'cn.sjSc, phases and increased collection at long wavelength. The overall performance however, is significantly reduced, due to the incomplete interdiffusion of the CdSe layer and Se diffusion into the CdS:O layer. Devices show significant loss at short wavelengths, through optical absorption by the 1.7 eV CdSe film and a reduced $\mathrm{v}_{\mathrm{oe}}$ due to poor interfaces qualities.

The potential nutrition-, physical- and health-related benefits of cow's milk for primary-school-aged children.

Abstract: Cow's milk is a naturally nutrient-dense foodstuff. A significant source of many essential nutrients, its inclusion as a component of a healthy balanced diet has been long recommended. Beyond milk's nutritional value, an increasing body of evidence illustrates cow's milk may confer numerous benefits related to health. Evidence from adult populations suggests that cow's milk may have a role in overall dietary quality, appetite control, hydration and cognitive function. Although evidence is limited compared with the adult literature, these benefits may be echoed in recent paediatric studies. This article, therefore, reviews the scientific literature to provide an evidence-based evaluation of the associated health benefits of cow's milk consumption in primary-school-aged children (4-11 years). We focus on seven key areas related to nutrition and health comprising nutritional status, hydration, dental and bone health, physical stature, cognitive function, and appetite control. The evidence consistently demonstrates cow's milk (plain and flavoured) improves nutritional status in primary-school-aged children. With some confidence, cow's milk also appears beneficial for hydration, dental and bone health and beneficial to neutral concerning physical stature and appetite. Due to conflicting studies, reaching a conclusion has proven difficult concerning cow's milk and cognitive function; therefore, a level of caution should be exercised when interpreting these results. All areas, however, would benefit from further robust investigation, especially in free-living school settings, to verify conclusions. Nonetheless, when the nutritional-, physical- and health-related impact of cow's milk avoidance is considered, the evidence highlights the importance of increasing cow's milk consumption.

Global determinants of navigation ability

Abstract: Human cognitive strategies vary across nations and cultures. However, it is unknown whether the cognitive strategies of nations are randomly distributed or whether groups of countries are clustered by similar cognitive profiles. Using a mobile-based virtual reality navigation task, we measured spatial navigation ability in more than 2.5 million people globally. Using a clustering approach, we find that navigation ability is not smoothly distributed globally but clustered into five distinct yet geographically related groups of countries. Furthermore, the economic wealth of a nation (Gross Domestic Product per capita) was predictive of the average navigation ability of its inhabitants and gender inequality (Gender Gap Index) was predictive of the size of performance difference between males and females. Thus, cognitive abilities, at least for spatial navigation, are clustered according to economic wealth and gender inequalities globally. This will not only inform cognitive assessment but also clinical assessment and educational approaches in the future.

Breaking the mold: Working through our differences to vocalize the sound of change

Abstract: This paper orchestrates alterethnographical reflections in which we, women, polyphonically document, celebrate and vocalise the sound of change. This change is represented in Kamala Harris’s appointment as the first woman, woman of colour, and South Asian American as the US Vice President, breaking new boundaries of political leadership, and harvesting new gains for women in leadership and power more broadly. With feminist awareness and curiosity, we organise and mobilise individual texts into a multivocal paper as a way to write solidarity between women. Recognising our intersectional differences, and power differentials inherent in our different positions in academic hierarchies, we unite to write about our collective concerns regarding gendered, racialised, classed social relations. Coming together across intersectional differences in a writing community has been a vehicle to speak, relate, share, and voice our feelings and thoughts to document this historic moment and build a momentum to fulfil our hopes for social change. As feminists, we accept our responsibility to make this history written, rather than manipulated or erased, by breaking the mould in the form of multi-layered embodied texts to expand writing and doing research differently through re/writing otherness.