Showing papers by "Rider University published in 1998"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the effect of ownership structure on corporate performance, using stock returns as a measure of performance based on the 1988-1992 sample period, and found that the level of insider ownership is positively related to stock returns.
196 citations
TL;DR: The results imply that the impact of syntactic complexity on advertising effectiveness is more complicated than previously thought.
118 citations
TL;DR: For instance, the authors found that expectation of evaluation lowered the creativity of middle school girls, but not boys, but the effect of doing work for reward increased the creativity in middle school boys.
Abstract: Four studies were conducted to assess gender differences in the effects of extrinsic motivation on creativity. The first study replicated an earlier one (Baer, 1997) in which expectation of evaluation lowered the creativity of middle school girls, but not boys. The second study investigated the effects of doing work for reward; again, middle school girls' creativity suffered, but not boys'. The third study, also with middle school subjects, investigated the impact of expecting ungraded feedback; this reduced both the overall negative impact of expecting evaluation and the gender difference in this regard. The fourth study investigated the impact of evaluation expectation on second-grade subjects and found that boys', but not girls', creativity was increased when they expected evaluation.
94 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the in-store behavior of children and their parents while shopping for children's clothing was analyzed and found that a purchase was more likely where both parties were highly involved in the search, the interaction was collaborative, the parent had positive evaluations of quality, price, practicality and style, the child had positive evaluation of price, style and colour, and the salesperson addressed the needs of both the parent and the child.
Abstract: This research analyses the in‐store behaviour of children and their parents while shopping for children’s clothing. Data were collected by unobtrusively observing and recording the behavior of parents and children in retail stores. Results indicate that a purchase was more likely where both parties were highly involved in the search, the interaction was collaborative, the parent had positive evaluations of quality, price, practicality and style, the child had positive evaluations of price, style and colour, and the salesperson addressed the needs of both the parent and the child. It is recommended that retailers′ strategies for merchandise selection, salesforce training and in‐store promotions, address the needs of both parent and child.
86 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine stock price reactions to the publication of the Insider Trading Spotlight (ITS) column in the Wall Street Journal (WSJ) and find significant abnormal stock performance accompanied by a significant increase in trading volume.
Abstract: In this paper we test whether a secondary dissemination of information affects stock prices. We examine stock price reactions to the publication of the “Insider Trading Spotlight”(ITS) column in the Wall Street Journal (WSJ). Since insider trades reported in the ITS column are initially disclosed to the public when insiders’ reports are filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the information contained in the WSJ is a secondary dissemination. Around the WSJ publication day, we find significant abnormal stock performance accompanied by a significant increase in trading volume. Our evidence suggests that a secondary dissemination of information can affect stock prices if the initial public disclosure attracts only limited attention by the market. In addition, we document how insider trading information is conveyed to the market.
69 citations
TL;DR: Despite the prevailing zeitgeist and clinical lore, the limited extant empirical evidence suggests that veterans of different races are more similar to each other than they are different when it comes to the clinical manifestation and response to treatment of combat-related PTSD and associated features.
69 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors quantitatively estimated the release rates of successive recoils under two extreme conditions: complete absorption; and no adsorption of recoil elements by the porous medium.
59 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of varying post-event information (information was unchanged from the original event, misleading or added an incorrect detail) on memory for central and peripheral actions and props in a crime scene were examined.
Abstract: Purpose. The effects of varying post-event information (information was unchanged from the original event, misleading or added an incorrect detail) on memory for central and peripheral actions and props in a crime scene were examined.
Methods. After pre-testing 105 undergraduates to obtain centrality ratings for target items (actions and props), 300 additional undergraduates were presented with slides of a crime followed by a narrative in which one target item was unchanged from the original presentation, one was changed (misleading), and one had an incorrect detail added. Participants were tested using one of four memory tests: item recognition, source recognition, cued recall or sentence completion (an indirect memory test).
Results. Misinformation effects were found for all four dependent measures. People were more resistant to misleading central than peripheral information, and readily accepted incorrect added details in recognition tests, but rarely generated them in recall or sentence completion.
Conclusions. Two major conclusions can be drawn. Peripheral items are more strongly influenced by misleading information than are central items, and those who provide a free account of what they witness are unlikely to include details, but may accept incorrect details when questioned. Implications for eyewitness testimony and future research in eyewitness memory are discussed.
45 citations
TL;DR: Three inter-related models to aid in the understanding of the complex and constructive process of contemporary information seeking are proposed: postmodern model of identity; rhizomorphic model of information contexts; and hypertextual model of technology interaction.
40 citations
TL;DR: This paper examined factors that can affect peer evaluation of a student learning group in a cooperative learning environment in the introductory financial accounting course and found that accounting majors and students with higher grade point averages (GPAs) received higher peer evaluations than other majors and those with lower GPAs.
Abstract: This study examined factors that can affect peer evaluation of a student learning group in a cooperative learning environment in the introductory financial accounting course. A regression analysis indicates that accounting majors and students with higher grade point averages (GPAs) received higher peer evaluations than other majors and those with lower GPAs. This finding implies that accounting educators could enhance the success of cooperative learning by including an accounting major and/or a high-GPA student in each learning group. The analysis also suggests that higher group homework grades and higher class participation grades are associated with higher peer evaluations. This finding implies that accounting educators could increase students' contributions to group work by emphasizing class participation and group homework.
39 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined whether investors regard the level of insider ownership of a firm as useful for evaluating stock split decisions and found that the abnormal returns at the announcement of stock splits are positively related to the levels of insider insider ownership.
Abstract: This study examines whether investors regard the level of insider ownership of a firm as useful for evaluating stock split decisions. Results show that the abnormal returns at the announcement of stock splits are positively related to the level of insider ownership. The results prevail even after controlling for other relevant factors. Further analysis indicates the positive relation exists for small firms, but not for large firms. This indicates the market evaluates stock split decisions within the context of both insider ownership and information asymmetry.
TL;DR: In this paper, a Zintl compound containing one-dimensional polymeric chains of 1[(In2Te4)2−] built of InTe4 tetrahedra sharing opposite edges, and [La(en)4Cl]2+ (ethylenediamine = en) cations with regular monocapped square-antiprism nona-coordination.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied bidding-firm stock returns upon the announcement of takeover terminations and found that common stock-financed bidders earn a return not significantly different from that earned by cashfinanced bidder when terminations are initiated by the target firm.
Abstract: This study documents bidding-firm stock returns upon the announcement of takeover terminations. On average, bidding firms that offer common stock experience a positive abnormal return, and firms that offer cash experience a negative abnormal return. The positive performance is primarily driven by bidders initiating the takeover termination. Commonstock-financed bidders earn a return not significantly different from that earned by cashfinanced bidders when terminations are initiated by the target firm. The results are consistent with the asymmetric information hypothesis, that the decision not to issue common stock conveys favorable information to the market. In addition, bidder returns at takeover termination are positively related to the amount of undistributed cash flow, supporting the free cash flow hypothesis.
TL;DR: In this article, a three-dimensional model illustrates the dynamics of these movements while highlighting some barriers that cause fragmentation and insularity in conceptual foundations, and proposes a framework for better understanding of the conceptual foundations that influence the field of education.
Abstract: Practitioners, researchers, and theorists can establish stronger rationale and direction for their work through better understanding of the conceptual foundations that influence the field of education of the gifted. Navigation along three interpretive dimensions can clarify and expand these conceptual foundations, which currently suffer from fragmentation and insularity. One of these dimensions invites movement through several different world views. Another dimension invites interdisciplinary movement from the precision of the "hard" sciences to the uncertain complexity of the "soft and human" sciences. A third dimension promotes movement through different levels of analysis, ranging from panoramic levels of philosophical and theoretical perspectives to the grounded levels of empirical research and practical application. A three-dimensional model illustrates the dynamics of these movements while highlighting some barriers that cause fragmentation and insularity in conceptual foundations. Recommendations f...
TL;DR: In this article, the magnetoresistance effects in bulk single crystals of self-doped La{sub 0.936}Mn{ sub 0.982}O{sub 3} prepared by fused-salt electrolysis were reported.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present new evidence on the relationship between dividend announcements and stock price responses, and provide a more comprehensive empirical analysis than that previously found in the literature, and simultaneously test several competing theories regarding the information content of dividends using two types of announcements: dividend initiations and specially designated dividends.
TL;DR: The transformation of radio in the 1920s from amateur wireless into broadcasting reopened questions of the gender of radio, just as the suffrage movement had succeeded with the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment.
Abstract: The transformation of radio in the 1920s from amateur wireless into broadcasting reopened questions of the gender of radio, just as the suffrage movement had succeeded with the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment. Wireless had been an overwhelmingly male hobby. But radio manufacturers and broadcasters made explicit efforts to feminize radio, moving it from a masculine technical sphere to a domestic sphere. The domestication of radio has been documented in the USA and elsewhere. Before they were successful, however, there was a period in the mid-1920s when various discourses explored radio's gender. This article focuses on this previously unexamined moment of exploration. The discourses can be read in the several radio magazines which sprouted in the early 1920s with the birth of broadcasting. They included not only feminists, but also male mainstream writers, advertisers and cartoonists who `played' with gender categories in this period. Among these diverse voices are representations of gender sameness an...
TL;DR: In this paper, the behavior of a sequence of independent identically distributed random variables with respect to a random threshold is investigated, and three statistics connected with exceeding the threshold are introduced, their exact and asymptotic distributions are derived.
Abstract: Behaviour of a sequence of independent identically distributed random variables with respect to a random threshold is investigated. Three statistics connected with exceeding the threshold are introduced, their exact and asymptotic distributions are derived. Also distribution-free properties, leading to some common and some new discrete distributions, are considered. Identification of equidistribution of observations and the threshold are discussed. In this context relations between the exponential and gamma distributions are studied and a new derivation of the celebrated Laplace expansion for the standard normal distribution function is given.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compare the long-term comovements of international stock markets before and after the 1987 stock market crash and find that correlations between national stock markets increased substantially, and therefore the benefits of international diversification decreased considerably after the crash.
Abstract: ow correlations between national stock markets are often presented as evidence in support of the portfolio L gains to investors from international &versification (see, e.g., Levy and Sarnat [1970], Solnik [1974], Lessard [1976], Watson [1978], Meric and Meric [1989], and DeFusco, Geppert, and Tsetsekos [1996]). Several studies provide empirical evidence that correlations between the world’s stock markets increased significantly after the international stock market crash of October 1987 (see, e.g., King and Wadhwani [1990], Hamao, Masulis, and Ng [1990], Malliaris and Urrutia [1992], Arshanapalh and Doukas [1993], Lau and McInish [1993], and Lee and Kim [1993]). These studes, however, cover only a short time period after the crash. There are no published studies that investigate whether the changes in the comovements of international stock markets after the crash are long-term changes. We seek an answer to this question by comparing the long-term comovements of international stock markets before and after the crash. Our findmgs in&cate that correlations between national stock markets increased substantially, and therefore the benefits of international diversification decreased considerably after the crash. Several-day speculative leads or lags in the comovements of international stock markets can obscure long-term relationships. Therefore, monthly data are more suitable for studying the long-term comovements of international stock markets. We use monthly stock market index returns for this purpose. The data are obtained from Morgan Stanley Capital International Perspective (MSCIP) publications. The study covers the national stock markets of two North American (Canada and US.), four European (France, Germany, Switzerland, and U.K.), and four Far East (Australla, Hong Kong, Japan, and Singapore) countries, the world’s ten largest stock markets. To fachtate comparison, MSCIP index returns are adjusted for exchange rate changes. The combined market capitalization of the companies included in these indexes represents approximately 60% of the total market value of all stocks traded on the stock markets of these countries.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the relation between bidder returns and overpayment in mergers and tender offers while controlling for other potentially important factors and found that overpayment is important in explaining negative bidder returns.
Abstract: Empirically, bidder returns at the time of takeover announcements are negative. This paper investigates the relation between bidder returns and overpayment in mergers and tender offers while controlling for other potentially important factors. Unlike other studies, the paper measures overpayment using two valuation ratios: earnings-price ratio and book-to-market ratio. Results show these ratios are important in explaining negative bidder returns. The paper also finds that the payment method in mergers and tender offers produces an information effect.
TL;DR: In an industry where the number of new entrants such as large, hospital- owned practices and HMO-owned practices is growing rapidly, can the use of a Web site increase the likelihood of success for private medical practices?
Abstract: In an industry where the number of new entrants such as large, hospital-owned practices and HMO-owned practices is growing rapidly, can the use of a Web site increase the likelihood of success for private medical practices? It has been suggested that the Web levels the playing field among large and small businesses by increasing the exposure of smaller businesses. This perception is
TL;DR: In this paper, the structure of NdMo6O12 has been determined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data and refined to reliability factors ofR(Fo)= 0.0409 andRw(F2o)=0.0612 for all the reflections (1282).
24 Jul 1998
TL;DR: In this paper, a new numerical method for generating a 3D porous medium with any desired probability density function (PDF) and autocorrelation function (ACF) is presented, which is modified to generate three-dimensional synthetic isotropic and anisotropic porous media with a Gaussian PDF and exponential-decay ACF.
Abstract: Many natural porous geological rock formations, as well as engineered porous structures, have fractal properties, i.e., they are self-similar over several length scales. While there have been many experimental and theoretical studies on how to quantify a fractal porous medium and on how to determine its fractal dimension, the numerical generation of a fractal pore structure with predefined statistical and scaling properties is somewhat scarcer. In the present paper a new numerical method for generating a three-dimensional porous medium with any desired probability density function (PDF) and autocorrelation function (ACF) is presented. The well-known Turning Bands Method (TBM) is modified to generate three-dimensional synthetic isotropic and anisotropic porous media with a Gaussian PDF and exponential-decay ACF. Porous media with other PDF's and ACF's are constructed with a nonlinear, iterative PDF and ACF transformation, whereby the arbitrary PDF is converted to an equivalent Gaussian PDF which is then simulated with the classical TBM. Employing a new method for the estimation of the surface area for a given porosity, the fractal dimensions of the surface area of the synthetic porous media generated in this way are then measured by classical fractal perimeter/area relationships. Different 3D porous media are simulated by varying the porosity and the correlation structure of the random field. The performance of the simulations is evaluated by checking the ensemble statistics, the mean, variance and ACF of the simulated random field. For a porous medium with Gaussian PDF, an average fractal dimension of approximately 2.76 is obtained which is in the range of values of actually measured fractal dimensions of molecular surfaces. For a porous medium with a non-Gaussian quadratic PDF the calculated fractal dimension appears to be consistently higher and averages 2.82. The results also show that the fractal dimension is neither strongly dependent of the porosity nor of the degree of anisotropy assumed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the electronic structures of AMo 5 O 8 (A=rare earth, alkaline earth) and the solid solution Sr 1− x La x Mo 5 O8 ( x =0-1) were examined using the extended Huckel tight binding method.
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine stock price reactions to the publication of the Insider Trading Spotlight (ITS) column in the Wall Street Journal (WSJ) and find significant abnormal stock performance accompanied by a significant increase in trading volume around the WSJ publication day.
Abstract: In this paper we test whether a secondary dissemination of information affects stock prices. We examine stock price reactions to the publication of the "Insider Trading Spotlight" (ITS) column in the Wall Street Journal (WSJ). Since insider trades reported in the ITS column are initially disclosed to the public when insiders' reports are filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the information contained in the WSJ is a secondary dissemination. Around the WSJ publication day, we find significant abnormal stock performance accompanied by a significant increase in trading volume. Our evidence suggests that a secondary dissemination of information can affect stock prices if the initial public disclosure attracts only limited attention by the market. In addition, we document how insider trading information is conveyed to the market.
TL;DR: In this article, single crystal X-ray and powder neutron diffraction at ambient and low temperatures failed to reveal any changes in the Mo-Mo or Mo-O network that would account for the observed anomalies in the electronic properties.
TL;DR: Current issues regarding HIV testing, employee privacy, and protection from discrimination are examined.
Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing and the disclosure of HIV-related information pose questions of privacy and public policy that are of concern in both public- and private-sector workplaces. Public-sector employees have constitutional protection from discrimination on the basis of their HIV-positive status. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is an important source of protection for private-sector employees. There are also other federal laws that provide protection from discrimination. However, the scope of these laws is unclear. Similarly, while some state legislatures have attempted to set standards to protect the privacy of HIV-positive employees, laws vary from state to state. Case precedent is also inconsistent. This article examines some current issues regarding HIV testing, employee privacy, and protection from discrimination.
Journal Article•
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the quality practices of very small and small firms in the human resources area and found a significant difference in empowerment practices between the two groups of firms, but no significant differences in team utilization or employee training.
Abstract: This study compared the quality practices of very small and small firms in the human resources area. Hypotheses relating to empowern1ent, work teams, and training were developed and tested. An analysis revealed that there was a significant difference in empowerment practices between the two groups of firms, but no significant differences in team utilization or employee training. Profitability correlations divulged that team usage and certain aspects of employee training could improve profitability, depending on the size of the firm.
TL;DR: In this article, the problem of estimating the coefficient of variation is considered when it is a priori suspected that two coefficients of variation are the same, and various estimators based on pretest and shrinkage rules are considered.
Abstract: Pooling data, when justified, is advantageous for estimating the true parameter. In this paper the problem of estimating the coefficient of variation is considered when it is a priori suspected that two coefficients of variation are the same. Various estimators based on pretest and shrinkage rules are considered. A comparison through the Simulated Mean Squared Error (SMSE) criterion is carried out among various proposed estimators of the target coefficient of variation. The relative simulated efficiencies of the restricted, shrinkage restricted and shrinkage pretest estimators are studied. It is found that the proposed estimators are quite robust when the sample sizes are not too large. The result of Monte Carlo study indicates that the proposed shrinkage pretest estimator is efficient than the usual estimator in a wider range.