Schrödinger

About: Schrödinger is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Sputtering & Ion. The organization has 1621 authors who have published 2200 publications receiving 81554 citations.

Critical Rotational Speeds in the Gross-Pitaevskii Theory on a Disc with Dirichlet Boundary Conditions

Abstract: We study the two-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii theory of a rotating Bose gas in a disc-shaped trap with Dirichlet boundary conditions, generalizing and extending previous results that were obtained under Neumann boundary conditions. The focus is on the energy asymptotics, vorticity and qualitative properties of the minimizers in the parameter range |log e|≪Ω≲e −2|log e|−1 where Ω is the rotational velocity and the coupling parameter is written as e −2 with e≪1. Three critical speeds can be identified. At $\varOmega=\varOmega_{\mathrm{c_{1}}}\sim |\log\varepsilon|$ vortices start to appear and for $|\log\varepsilon|\ll\varOmega< \varOmega_{\mathrm{c_{2}}}\sim \varepsilon^{-1}$ the vorticity is uniformly distributed over the disc. For $\varOmega\geq\varOmega _{\mathrm{c_{2}}}$ the centrifugal forces create a hole around the center with strongly depleted density. For Ω≪e −2|log e|−1 vorticity is still uniformly distributed in an annulus containing the bulk of the density, but at $\varOmega=\varOmega_{\mathrm {c_{3}}}\sim\varepsilon ^{-2}|\log\varepsilon |^{-1}$ there is a transition to a giant vortex state where the vorticity disappears from the bulk. The energy is then well approximated by a trial function that is an eigenfunction of angular momentum but one of our results is that the true minimizers break rotational symmetry in the whole parameter range, including the giant vortex phase.

Inhibition of the Plastidic ATP/ADP Transporter Protein Primes Potato Tubers for Augmented Elicitation of Defense Responses and Enhances Their Resistance against Erwinia carotovora

Abstract: Tubers of transgenic potato ( Solanum tuberosum ) plants with decreased activity of the plastidic ATP/ADP transporter AATP1 display reduced levels of starch, modified tuber morphology, and altered concentrations of primary metabolites Here, we demonstrate that the spontaneous production of hydrogen peroxide, the endogenous content of salicylic acid, and the levels of mRNAs of various defense-related genes are similar in tuber discs of wild-type and AATP1 ( St ) antisense plants However, upon challenging the tissue with fungal elicitors or culture supernatants of the soft rot-causing pathogen Erwinia carotovora subsp atroseptica , the AATP1 ( St ) antisense tubers exhibit highly potentiated activation of defense responses when compared with wild-type tissue The augmented defense responses comprise enhanced accumulation of transcripts of five defense-related genes (β- 1 , 3-GLUCANASE B2 and A1 , CHITINASE B3 and A2 , and Phe AMMONIA-LYASE ) and enhanced elicitation (up to 21-fold) of the early hydrogen peroxide burst The potentiated activation of cellular defense responses in AATP1 ( St ) antisense tubers is not accompanied by a precedent increase in endogenous salicylic acid levels, but is associated with a strongly enhanced resistance of the tissue to E carotovora From these results, we conclude that inhibition of primary metabolic reactions induces a primed state that sensitizes the potato tubers for improved elicitation of various cellular defense responses, which likely contribute to enhanced E carotovora resistance