Sophia University

About: Sophia University is a education organization based out in Tokyo, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Nonlinear system & Catalysis. The organization has 4986 authors who have published 7657 publications receiving 106567 citations. The organization is also known as: Jōchi Daigaku.

Globalisation, Class, Consumption and Civil Society in South-east Asian Cities

Abstract: Debates about the nature of globalisation have often taken a very abstract turn and have often failed to address the specificities of urban cultures and of the sociological as well as economic changes created by globalising forces. This paper examines the relationship between class, consumer culture and civil society in contemporary south-east Asian cities, particularly in the light of the region-wide economic crisis beginning in 1997. It attempts to place the relationship between class and civil society participation in the bigger framework of consumption behaviour, arguing that this both creates the primary cultural context in which the new middle classes in Asia operate and provides the linkage between globalisation and local urban cultures. In doing so, it attempts to provide a fresh perspective on south-east Asian urban social processes and to suggest an avenue for more accurately theorising the nature of urban social movements from a comparative perspective and specifically in the ethnically, religi...

Photocarrier Mobility in Regioregular Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Studied by the Time of Flight Method

Abstract: The carrier mobility in the regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene)(PHT) film has been studied by means of the time of flight (TOF) method using a sandwich-type cell of indium tin oxide(ITO)/PHT (cast film)/Al. The response of the photocurrent exhibits a dispersive character; however, the clear kink associated with the transit time of the carrier is observed. The drift mobility of holes is determined to be 4 ×10-4 cm2/Vs and almost independent of the field > 105 V/cm at room temperature. This is the largest TOF mobility in poly(3-alkylthiophene) reported to date. It is also found that the activation energy of the mobility is 88 meV and almost independent of the field. The results are discussed taking various transport models into consideration.

Input Observer-Based Individual Cylinder Air-Fuel Ratio Control: Modelling, Design and Validation

Abstract: A general approach is proposed to address the cylinder-to-cylinder air-fuel ratio (AFR) balancing control problem using a single universal exhaust gas oxygen (UEGO) sensor. Using the multirate sampling technique, a control-oriented engine model, well combining the fuel delivery dynamics and exhaust gas dynamics, is established. Gas mixing phenomena is characterized by a gas mixing matrix, which is valid both for equal-length and unequal-length exhaust runners. Based on the developed model, the observability of the individual cylinder AFR estimation problem is analyzed using the input observability concept. An input observer using the one-step forward feedback is proposed to design the estimator. Using the estimated AFR, a decoupled PI compensator is designed for each cylinder to compensate the cylinder-by-cylinder variations. Finally, the proposed approach is verified by simulation and experimental results.