Sophia University

About: Sophia University is a education organization based out in Tokyo, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Nonlinear system & Catalysis. The organization has 4986 authors who have published 7657 publications receiving 106567 citations. The organization is also known as: Jōchi Daigaku.

Relativistic corrections to the multiple scattering effect on the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in the isotropic approximation

Abstract: ABSTRA C T We extend the formalism for the calculation of the relativistic corrections to the Sunyaev ‐ Zel’dovich effect for clusters of galaxies and include the multiple scattering effects in the isotropic approximation. We present the results of the calculations by the Fokker ‐ Planck expansion method as well as by the direct numerical integration of the collision term of the Boltzmann equation. The multiple scattering contribution is found to be very small compared with the single scattering contribution. For high-temperature galaxy clusters of kBT e < 15 keV; the ratio of both the contributions is 20.2 per cent in the Wien region. In the Rayleigh ‐ Jeans region the ratio is 20.03 per cent. Therefore the multiple scattering contribution is safely neglected for the observed galaxy clusters.

Time-to-space conversion of Tbits/s optical pulses using a self-organized quantum-well material

Abstract: We report a time-to-space conversion technique using a material which has a large χ(3)(≃10−6 esu) and a fast response time (<7 ps) at room temperature. The material is a self-organized quantum-well system consisting of inorganic well layers and organic barrier layers. We achieve a high conversion sensitivity even for nJ-order optical pulses. We demonstrate serial-to-parallel conversion of nJ-order Tbits/s signals at room temperature with conversion rates of 140 GHz.

Effects of imidazole compounds on catecholamine release in adrenal chromaffin cells.

Abstract: 1. Effects of imidazole compounds and guanabenz on the stimulus-evoked release of catecholamine (CA) were studied in cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. 2. Clonidine, oxymetazoline, phentolamine, chlorpheniramine, and guanabenz inhibited acetylcholine (ACh)-evoked CA release in a dose-dependent manner, but not high K(+)-evoked release. 3. The inhibition by these compounds was not antagonized by nonimidazole and nonguanidine alpha 2-antagonists (yohimbine and phenoxybenzamine) but was significantly antagonized by tolazoline (imidazole alpha 2-antagonist) and cimetidine (imidazole H2-antagonist). Moreover, tolazoline by itself augmented the ACh-evoked, but not the high K(+)-evoked, CA release. 4. Although chlorpheniramine and cimetidine are antagonists for H1 and H2 histaminergic receptors, the site of action for these compounds in our results seemed to differ from the histamine receptors. 5. These results suggest that the inhibitory action of imidazole compounds and guanabenz on ACh-evoked CA release in adrenal chromaffin cells is mediated through an imidazole receptor. Adrenal chromaffin cells may contain an endogenous clonidine-displacing substance (CDS) which has been found in adrenal gland and brain as an endogenous ligand for imidazole receptors. Thus, CDS may have a regulatory role in the stimulus-secretion coupling in these cells.

3-D Human Navigation System with Consideration of Neighboring Space Information

Abstract: Human movement such as walking or traveling in a wheelchair involves vertical movement. Previously, we developed a real ubiquitous round-the-clock 3D navigation system for pedestrian point-to-point navigation, in which position detection is driven mainly by dead reckoning with the help of RFID technology. A number of navigation systems have been developed for pedestrians, but few consider dynamic information. The newly proposed "Moudo-Cane" system extends the previously developed system [1] and provides more reliable and convenient guidance throughout the journey, even when GPS information is unavailable, in an attempt to not only provide a universally available navigation system, but also to provide assistance for visually impaired or wheelchair-bound users by taking their preferences into account.