Showing papers by "Trakya University published in 2010"
TL;DR: The data suggest that intravenous paracetamol is a useful component of the multimodal analgesia model, especially after major surgery, and this benefit has been shown in a range of patients under routine clinical conditions and therefore has important practical consequences in ICU.
155 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated buoyancy driven heat transfer of water-based nanofluids in a differentially heated, tilted enclosure, and the governing equations were solved using the polynomial differential quadrature method for an inclination angle ranging from 0 deg to 90 deg, two different ratios of the nanolayer thickness to the original particle radius (0.02 and 0.1), and a Rayleigh number varying from 104 to 106.
Abstract: Buoyancy driven heat transfer of water-based nanofluids in a differentially heated, tilted enclosure is investigated in this study. The governing equations (obtained with the Boussinesq approximation) are solved using the polynomial differential quadrature method for an inclination angle ranging from 0 deg to 90 deg, two different ratios of the nanolayer thickness to the original particle radius (0.02 and 0.1), a solid volume fraction ranging from 0% to 20%, and a Rayleigh number varying from 104 to 106. Five types of nanoparticles, Cu, Ag, CuO, Al2O3, and TiO2 are taken into consideration. The results show that the average heat transfer rate from highest to lowest is for Ag, Cu, CuO, Al2O3, and TiO2. The results also show that for the particle radius generally used in practice ( 0.1 or 0.02), the average heat transfer rate increases to 44% for Ra 104, to 53% for Ra 105, and to 54% for Ra 106 if the special case of 90 deg, which also produces the minimum heat transfer rates, is not taken into consideration. As for 90 deg, the heat transfer enhancement reaches 21% for Ra 104, 44% for Ra 105, and 138% for Ra 106. The average heat transfer rate shows an increasing trend with an increasing inclination angle, and a peak value is detected. Beyond the peak point, the foregoing trend reverses and the average heat transfer rate decreases with a further increase in the inclination angle. Maximum heat transfer takes place at 45 deg for Ra 104 and at 30 deg for Ra 105 and 106. DOI: 10.1115/1.4000744
143 citations
TL;DR: Patients who underwent surgical procedures, male patients, the 40-59-year-old age group, those who had low levels of education or income, and patients who were hospitalized for long periods were most satisfied.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess patient satisfaction with nursing care and the relationship between patient satisfaction and patient characteristics This cross-sectional study was conducted at a 1100-bed tertiary care teaching hospital in Turkey Data were collected using the Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Care Scales and a patient information form Overall, data indicated a high level of patient satisfaction Hospitalization affected the Experience of Nursing Care Scale independently, while the type of ward, sex, income, and education independently affected the Satisfaction with Nursing Care Scale Patients who underwent surgical procedures, male patients, the 40-59-year-old age group, those who had low levels of education or income, and patients who were hospitalized for long periods were most satisfied Patients' sex, age, income, duration of hospitalization, and ward type were important factors that affected their satisfaction with nursing care The characteristics of patients who have a low level of satisfaction with nursing care should be assessed and taken into consideration by nurses
121 citations
TL;DR: The risk of developing brain metastases after definitive treatment of locally advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is approximately 30%‐50%.
Abstract: BACKGROUND The risk of developing brain metastases after definitive treatment of locally advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is approximately 30%-50%. The risk for patients with early stage disease is less defined. The authors sought to investigate this further and to study potential risk factors. METHODS The records of all patients who underwent surgery for T1-T2 N0-N1 NSCLC at Duke University between the years 1995 and 2005 were reviewed. The cumulative incidence of brain metastases and distant metastases was estimated by using the Kaplan-Meier method. A multivariate analysis assessed factors associated with the development of brain metastases. RESULTS Of 975 consecutive patients, 85% were stage I, and 15% were stage II. Adjuvant chemotherapy was given to 7%. The 5-year actuarial risk of developing brain metastases and distant metastases was 10%(95% confidence interval [CI], 8-13) and 34%(95% CI, 30-39), respectively. Of patients developing brain metastases, the brain was the sole site of failure in 43%. On multivariate analysis, younger age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.03 per year), larger tumor size (HR, 1.26 per cm), lymphovascular space invasion (HR, 1.87), and hilar lymph node involvement (HR, 1.18) were associated with an increased risk of developing brain metastases. CONCLUSIONS In this large series of patients treated surgically for early stage NSCLC, the 5-year actuarial risk of developing brain metastases was 10%. A better understanding of predictive factors and biological susceptibility is needed to identify the subset of patients with early stage NSCLC who are at particularly high risk.
117 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a grey layer was observed at the fracture surfaces of welded parts and it was considered that this layer decreased the strength of the joints, and tensile and microhardness tests were applied to the joints.
Abstract: Industrial use of non-ferrous materials is significant in the electrical and the chemical engineering applications. Copper–aluminium joints are inevitable for certain applications due to unique performances such as higher electric conductivity, heat conductivity, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. Friction welding is the most common method used due to material and energy saving. In the present study, copper and aluminium materials were joined by friction welding. Optimum parameters were obtained using a statistical approach. Tensile and microhardness tests were applied to the joints. Micro- and macrophotographs were examined. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis was used to determine the phases that occurred during welding. A grey layer was observed at the fracture surfaces of welded parts. It was considered that this layer decreased the strength of the joints.
100 citations
TL;DR: Positive correlations between the monthly total outdoor bacterial counts and the sampling day’s average relative humidity and average rainfall, and the monthly average rainfall were found.
Abstract: This paper presents information about airborne mesophilic bacteria in the indoor and outdoor air of child day-care centers (CDCCs) in the city of Edirne, Turkey. Air samples were collected using the Petri plate gravitational settling method from the indoor and outdoor air of CDCCs. Counts of airborne bacteria were measured as colony forming units (CFU) collected by gravity onto Brain Heart Infusion Agar plates (with 5% sheep blood). Samples were taken monthly over a period of 12 months between January and December 2004. A total of 3,120 bacteria colonies were counted on 192 Petri plates. Four groups of culturable bacteria were identified: Gram-positive cocci, Gram-positive bacilli, endospore-forming Gram-positive bacilli, and Gram-negative bacteria. Airborne Gram-positive bacteria were the most abundant at more than 95% of the measured population. While Gram-positive cocci were more common in indoor environments, Gram-positive bacilli were more dominant in outdoor air. Bacteria commonly isolated from CDCCs were identified at a genus level. Staphylococcus (39.16%), Bacillus (18.46%), Corynebacterium (16.25%), and Micrococcus (7.21%) were dominant among the genera identified in the present study. The dominant genera identified in the day-care centers were Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, and Corynebacterium for indoor air and Bacillus, Corynebacterium, and Staphylococcus for outdoor air. Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, and Corynebacterium genera were found in samples from every month. Bacterial colony counts were compared by sampling location (indoors and outdoors), seasons, and meteorological factors. We found negative correlations between the monthly total outdoor bacterial counts and the sampling day’s average relative humidity and average rainfall, and the monthly average rainfall. Fluctuations in bacterial counts in different seasons were observed.
95 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the axial vibration of carbon nanotube heterojunctions is studied using nonlocal rod theory and nonlocal constitutive equations of Eringen are used in the formulations.
86 citations
TL;DR: This study found that the inferior alveolar nerve often gives rise to several branches at each level (range 0–3), and knowledge of the small branches of the nerve and of the detailed findings regarding the position of theMandibular canal reported here should be considered when planning mandibular surgery, especially during implant placement.
Abstract: The inferior alveolar nerve is the one of the large branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. It is vulnerable during surgical procedures of the mandible. Despite its importance, no anatomical and histological examination has been conducted to provide a detailed cross-sectional morphology of the mandibular canal according to dental status. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the position of the mandibular canal through direct measurement and to determine the branches of the inferior alveolar nerve through histologic examination. The area between the anterior margin of the third molar and the anterior margin of the second premolar of dentulous, partially dentulous, and edentulous hemimandible specimens (n = 49) from 26 human cadavers was serially sectioned into seven segments, and specific distances were measured using digital calipers. Following this, 5-microm cross-sections were prepared along the mandibular canal and mental foramen, and examined by fluorescence microscopy. The mandibular canal was located at a mean distance of 10.52 mm above the inferior margin of the mandible. The mean maximum diameters of the mandibular canal, inferior alveolar nerve, inferior alveolar artery, and inferior alveolar vein were 2.52, 1.84, 0.42, and 0.58 mm, respectively. This study found that the inferior alveolar nerve often gives rise to several branches at each level (range 0-3). To minimize the risk of injury, knowledge of the small branches of the nerve and of the detailed findings regarding the position of the mandibular canal reported here should be considered when planning mandibular surgery, especially during implant placement.
81 citations
15 Apr 2010
TL;DR: It was observed that, both the surface resistivity and the optical transparency were decreased by increasing the amount of MWCNT added to the polymeric system.
Abstract: Electrical conductivity and optical transmittance properties of polystyrene (PS)–multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite films were investigated. Composite films were prepared by mixing of various mass fractions of MWCNT in PS–water dispersions. After water evaporates, powder composite films were annealed at 175 °C above the glass transition of PS for 20 min. Photon transmission and two point probe resistivity techniques were employed to determine the variations of the optical and the electrical properties of composites. Transmitted light intensity, I tr and surface resistivity, R s were monitored as a function of MWCNT mass fraction ( M ). It was observed that, both the surface resistivity and the optical transparency were decreased by increasing the amount of MWCNT added to the polymeric system. Conductivity and optical results were interpreted according to the classical and site percolation theory, respectively. The electrical ( σ ) and the optical ( op ) percolation threshold values and critical exponents were calculated as M σ = 1.8 wt.%, M op = 0–0.13 wt.% and β σ = 2.25, β op = 0.32, respectively.
79 citations
TL;DR: Preclinical studies presented compelling evidence that Syk inhibition may have therapeutic value in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune cytopenias, and allergic and autoinflammatory diseases.
Abstract: Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is involved in the development of the adaptive immune system and has been recognized as being important in the function of additional cell types, including platelets, phagocytes, fibroblasts, and osteoclasts, and in the generation of the inflammasome. Preclinical studies presented compelling evidence that Syk inhibition may have therapeutic value in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune cytopenias, and allergic and autoinflammatory diseases. In addition, Syk inhibition may have a place in limiting tissue injury associated with organ transplant and revascularization procedures. Clinical trials have documented exciting success in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune cytopenias, and allergic rhinitis. While the extent and severity of side effects appear to be limited so far, larger studies will unravel the risk involved with the clinical benefit.
78 citations
TL;DR: GD and HT equally represent the possible background condition for the development of EAATD, which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of all patients with encephalopathy of unknown origin and an autoimmune thyroid disease, regardless of the nature of the underlying autoimmune thyroid Disease.
Abstract: Background
The encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroid disease (EAATD) is characterized by neurological/psychiatric symptoms, high levels of anti-thyroid antibodies, increased cerebrospinal fluid protein concentration, non-specific electroencephalogram abnormalities, and responsiveness to the corticosteroid treatment in patients with an autoimmune thyroid disease. Almost all EAATD patients are affected by Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), although fourteen EAATD patients with Graves' disease (GD) have been also reported.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a crop water stress index (CWSI) to schedule irrigation for broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) grown with drip irrigation during the spring and autumn cultivation periods of 2007.
TL;DR: The binding energy of an impurity located at the center of multilayered spherical quantum dot (MSQD) is reported as a function of the dot and barrier thickness for different alloy compositions under the influence of a magnetic field as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: The results of the present study will help in comparing the anthropometric breast values of young Turkish women with those of women in other countries and may also be useful in planning aesthetic and reconstructive breast surgery or in designing breast augmentation accessories and clothing.
TL;DR: ECG findings, such as prolonged QTc interval, are not effective in determination of short-term prognosis and show no relationship with PSS, but a significant correlation was determined between the GCS and PSS of grade 3 and grade 4 cases.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate effectiveness of the poisoning severity score (PSS), Glasgow coma scale (GCS), and corrected QT (QTc) interval in predicting outcomes in acute organophosphates (OP) poisoning. Over a period of 2 years, 62 patients with OP poisoning were admitted to emergency department (ED) of Erciyes University Medical School Hospital. The age, sex, cause of contact, compound involved, time elapsed between exposure and admission to the ED, duration of hospital stay, and cardiac manifestations at the time of presentation were recorded. GCS and poisoning severity score (PSS) was calculated for each patient. Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis included the rate, rhythm, ST-T abnormalities, conduction defects, and measurement of PR and QT intervals. Sixty-two patients with OP poisoning presented to our ED from January 2007 to December 2008 from which 54 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 34.1 +/- 14.8 years. Of the cases, 53.7% were female. Twenty-six patients had a prolonged QTc interval. Mean PSS of men and women was 1.8 +/- 1.0. No statistically significant correlation was found between the PSS and QTc intervals of the cases. A significant correlation was determined between the GCS and PSS of grade 3 and grade 4 cases. GCS is a parameter that helps clinician to identify advanced grade OP poisoning patients in the initial assessment in the ED. However, ECG findings, such as prolonged QTc interval, are not effective in determination of short-term prognosis and show no relationship with PSS. Language: en
TL;DR: It is suggested that l-carnitine supplementation during the radiotherapy may be beneficial for spermatogenesis following testicular irradiation by decreasing germ cell apoptosis.
Abstract: We evaluated the effects of l-carnitine on apoptosis of germ cells in the rat testis following irradiation. Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Control group received sham irradiation plus physiological saline. Radiotherapy group received scrotal gamma-irradiation of 10 Gy as a single dose plus physiological saline. Radiotherapy + l-carnitine group received scrotal irradiation plus 200 mg/kg intraperitoneally l-carnitine. Twenty-four hours post-irradiation, the rats were sacrificed and testes were harvested. Testicular damage was examined by light and electron microscopy, and germ cell apoptosis was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate in situ nick end-labeling (TUNEL) technique. Morphologically, examination of irradiated testis revealed presence of disorganization and desquamation of germinal cells and the reduction in sperm count in seminiferous tubule lumen. Under electron microscopy, the morphological signs of apoptosis were frequently detected in spermatogonia. Apoptotic spermatogonia showed the marginal condensation of chromatin onto the nuclear lamina, nucleus and cytoplasm shrinkage and still functioning cell organelles. TUNEL-positive cells were significantly more numerous in irradiated rats than in control rats. l-carnitine treatment significantly attenuated the radiation-induced morphological changes and germ cell apoptosis in the irradiated rat testis. In conclusion, these results suggested that l-carnitine supplementation during the radiotherapy may be beneficial for spermatogenesis following testicular irradiation by decreasing germ cell apoptosis.
TL;DR: The findings conclude that patriarchal and traditional values, women’s lack of financial autonomy, and low socioeconomic status are the risk factors for physical domestic violence.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and risk factors of domestic violence against married women in Edirne, Turkey. This is a cross-sectional study which included a representative sample of the married women living in the Provincial Center of Edirne. The total past year prevalence of some forms of physical domestic violence is 34% in the last 12 months. 93% of women reported that they have been experiencing different forms of verbal and psychological domestic violence. The important risk factors for physical domestic violence were being Roma woman (OR = 2.97, 95% CI: 1.44-6.12), living with more than four people in the household (OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.21-4.36), being unemployed (OR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.06-4.37), and got married only with her families' decision (OR = 4.60, 95% CI: 1.42-14.80). Our findings conclude that patriarchal and traditional values, women's lack of financial autonomy, and low socioeconomic status are the risk factors for physical domestic violence.
TL;DR: Providing of psychosocial support, supplying of Psychosocial needings, and improving of physical and functional capacity will help for improve quality of life in chronically ill elderly patients receiving medical treatment in the hospital.
TL;DR: Filamentous fungal biomass-loaded TiO(2) nanoparticles were used for the biosorption of lead(II) ions by flow-injection system coupled to flame atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of lead in tap water and seawater samples.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors determined childhood trauma, the type of marriage, and level of self-esteem as correlates of domestic violence in married women in Turkey and found that more than half the women were exposed to domestic violence, which increases with factors like lower economic status, teenage and arranged marriages and a large number of children.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to determine childhood trauma, the type of marriage, and level of self-esteem as correlates of domestic violence in married women in Turkey. The study sample consisted of 750 women aged 20 and over, selected through face to face interviews. Results More than half the women were exposed to domestic violence, which increases with factors like lower economic status, teenage and arranged marriages and a large number of children. According to the logistic regression model, arranged marriages, sexual problems and physical abuse during childhood lead to an increase in the occurrence of domestic violence, while this decreases as the partners age. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale scores were significantly lower in women subjected to domestic violence and this decrease became statistically significant as the level of abuse experienced during childhood increased.
TL;DR: In this article, heat gain from solar energy through Trombe wall was investigated in Turkey and the wall materials, reinforced concrete, brick and autoclaved aerated concrete, were taken into consideration with various surface colours.
Abstract: In this study, heat gain from solar energy through Trombe wall was investigated in Turkey. The wall materials, reinforced concrete, brick and autoclaved aerated concrete, were taken into consideration with various surface colours. The passive heating potential of Trombe wall was estimated by using unutilizability method which is used in the designs of passive systems for heat gain. The results indicated that the annual heat gain from solar energy through Trombe walls was found out to be between 26.9 to 9.7% for concrete, 20.5 to 7.1% for brick and 13.0 to 4.3% for aerated concrete in different surface colours.
Key words: Solar energy, Trombe wall, energy consumption, energy gain.
TL;DR: Metformin causes regression of endometriotic implants in rats and there were more significant reductions in implant levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in groups A and B than in group C.
TL;DR: To assess a maternal serum level of high sensitive C‐reactive protein (hs‐ CRP) as a useful clinical parameter in prediction of pre‐eclampsia severity and, to evaluate the correlation between hs‐CRP and body mass index (BMI).
Abstract: Aim: To assess a maternal serum level of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as a useful clinical parameter in prediction of pre-eclampsia severity and, to evaluate the correlation between hs-CRP and body mass index (BMI).
Material & Methods: Using cross-sectional study design, CRP was measured by a high sensitive immunoturbidimetric method between 24 and 40 weeks of gestation in normotensive controls (n = 115), in mild (n = 63) and severe (n = 34) pre-eclamptic patients. The receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to estimate the optimal threshold score of hs-CRP.
Results: For disease severity evaluation, a hs-CRP concentration of 9.66 mg/L was determined as cut-off point with 88% sensitivity, 81% specificity, 71% positive predictive value and 92% negative predictive value. When all three groups of patients were adjusted for gestational age [24°/7–27,6/7 28°/7–33,6/7 34°/7–406/7] and BMI, hs-CRP levels of severe pre-eclamptic patients were significantly higher than mild ones and controls in the study group with BMI < 25 kg/m2 (P < 0.001). In the study group with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, only severe pre-eclamptic patients between 28°/7 and 336/7 weeks of gestation had significantly higher hs-CRP levels when compared with control and mild pre-eclamptic group (P < 0.001). When the patients were subgrouped as high (≥9.66 mg/L) and low hs-CRP group (<9.66 mg/L), adverse outcomes for hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome and intrauterine growth-restricted baby were statistically significant higher in high hs-CRP group (P = 0.004 and P < 0.001, respectively).
Conclusion: Elevated level of hs-CRP is a useful parameter in the severity of clinical risk of pre-eclampsia in patients with BMI < 25 kg/m2 at third trimester.
TL;DR: Compared to fascia grafting, the present study showed better late functional hearing results after drum reconstruction using cartilage palisades, despite comparable tympanometric findings.
Abstract: Objective The aim of the present study is to compare the tympanometric and functional findings of cartilage palisade tympanoplasty with those of tympanoplasty with temporalis fascia grafting after one-stage surgery in children with tensa cholesteatoma. Study design In children aged 5 to 15 years (mean, 9.5 years) with tensa cholesteatoma, cartilage palisade tympanoplasty was performed in 32 ears and fascia tympanoplasty in 29 ears. Tympanometry was performed in 31 ears with cartilage palisade tympanoplasty (the palisade group) and 28 ears with fascia tympanoplasty (the fascia group) at follow-up a median of 48 months after surgical removal of the cholesteatoma (range, 3-75 months). Main outcome measures Postoperative perforations, tympanometric parameters (tympanogram type, compliance, tympanometric width), and hearing. Results All postoperative re-perforations occurred in the fascia group. However, there was no difference between the palisade group and the fascia group in terms of tympanometric parameters, nor between the two groups when dividing into tensa retraction and sinus cholesteatoma subgroups. When comparing the types of tympanoplasty, the type II group reconstructed with cartilage palisades contained a higher number of ears with a normal compliance (0.2-1.6 mL) but a higher number of ears with a tympanometric width of more than 150 mmH2O. Regarding the number of ears with normal tympanometries, there was no significant difference between the palisade and the fascia group. The late functional hearing results were better in ears reconstructed with cartilage palisades, with functional success in 71%, compared with 54% in the group with fascia grafting. This difference in functional results was particularly pronounced in ears with an abnormal tympanogram (68% vs. 29%). Conclusion Compared to fascia grafting, the present study showed better late functional hearing results after drum reconstruction using cartilage palisades, despite comparable tympanometric findings. Cartilage palisade reconstruction seems to provide better functional results, especially in ears with a poor tubal function, which is the common situation after cholesteatoma surgery.
TL;DR: Cladistically analysed anatomical data support the hypothesis that Ophrys and Dactylorhiza are monophyletic, but contrast the triphyletic states of Orchis, which is very likely to be the reason for uncovering the otherOrchis taxa.
TL;DR: Results indicate that methylene blue can attenuate hepatic damage in extrahepatic cholestasis by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory processes.
TL;DR: Long-term clinical follow-up may be useful for the patients with SFT because of the potential adverse biological behavior of this tumor, which may lead to repeated recurrences and/or malignant transformation.
Abstract: Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) of the pleura is an uncommon neoplasm with non-specific symptoms and non-pathognomonical radiological findings. Surgery allows establishment of a definitive diagnosis as well as a cure of the disease. The role of radiotherapy or chemotherapy in the management of the disease is unclear because of the rarity of the disease and the successful results of the surgical treatment. Long-term clinical follow-up may be useful for the patients with SFT because of the potential adverse biological behavior of this tumor, which may lead to repeated recurrences and/or malignant transformation. We reported a 66-year-old woman with recurrence of SFT in the right lung, which had significant response to external thoracic radiotherapy.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship between the number of individuals and physicochemical variables such as temperature, turbidity (light permeability), and depth of the lake was determined statistically significant.
Abstract: In order to determine the relationships between the dynamics of benthic macroinvertebrates (both species number and individual number) and environmental variables, sampling was made at four different stations at monthly intervals during a year between March 2004 and January 2005 of Lake Gala which is a part of an important wetland and a national park in European part of Turkey (Enez/Edirne). Altogether, a total of 49 zoobenthic taxa which were grouped as "Oligochaeta", "Chironomidae", and "Varia", comprised of 1,628 individuals in per m2 at average were recognised in the sampling stations of the Lake. The present study showed that larval chironomids comprising 57% abundance of the total specimens are the biggest part of benthic macroinvertebrates. It is followed by oligochaetes and the group varia comprising 34% and 9% abundance, respectively. Also, it was seen changing that the composition of zoobenthic group dominancy in the Lake as time passes. Furthermore, according to Shannon-Weaner index, species diversity for zoobenthic macroinvertebrate fauna of the lake was found as H'=1.21 at average. Also, similarities of the sampling stations and months, both the dynamics of benthic macroinvertebrates and physicochemical features were evaluated by using Bray-Curtis similarity index. According to Spearman correlation index, relationship between the number of individuals and some physicochemical variables such as temperature, turbidity (light permeability), and depth of the lake was determined statistically significant.
TL;DR: It is concluded that atorvastatin causes significant regression of endometriotic implants in rats, and intraperitoneal atorVastatin seems to be more effective than oral atoravastatin.
Abstract: Endometriotic implants were induced surgically in female Wistar albino rats, which were randomly divided into three groups. The rats in group I (n=10) and group II (n=9) were given 2.5 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal and oral atorvastatin, respectively, for 28 days. Group III (n=9) was given no medication (control). The mean volume and weight of explants in group I were significantly lower (both P < 0.05) compared with group III. Histopathological score of the implants was significantly lower in groups I and II, when compared with group III (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). There were significant reductions in explant concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase 9 in group I (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively) and group II (both P < 0.01) compared with group III while staining due to tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 was significantly higher in group I (P < 0.01) and group II (P < 0.01) compared with group III. Moreover, explant concentration of superoxide dismutase was significantly increased in groups I and II compared with group III (both P < 0.05). In conclusion, atorvastatin causes significant regression of endometriotic implants in rats. Moreover, intraperitoneal atorvastatin seems to be more effective than oral atorvastatin.
TL;DR: The homotopy perturbation method is applied to Fisher type equations in recursive sequence forms which can be used to obtain the closed form of the solutions if they are required.
Abstract: In this paper, homotopy perturbation method is applied to Fisher type equations. The solutions introduced in this study are in recursive sequence forms which can be used to obtain the closed form of the solutions if they are required. The method is tested on various examples which are revealing the effectiveness and the simplicity of the method.