Universidad del Desarrollo

About: Universidad del Desarrollo is a education organization based out in Santiago, Chile. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Entrepreneurship. The organization has 2695 authors who have published 3578 publications receiving 52302 citations.

Regulations and Entrepreneurship: Evidence from Developed and Developing Countries

Abstract: This paper uses an institutional approach to examine the effect of regulations on entrepreneurial activity, comparing developed and developing countries. Through an unbalanced panel data set of 49 countries over the period 2001-2010 and using a combination of international databases we find a positive influence of government spending and entrepreneurship legislation on entrepreneurial activity. It was also found that regulations may have different impacts on entrepreneurship according to the country's economic development. Thus, in developed economies unemployment legislation is positively related to entrepreneurship, while this relationship is negative in other cases. This paper offers new insights both from a conceptual perspective (advancing theory concerning the factors that influence entrepreneurial activity) and a practical viewpoint (for the design of government policies to foster entrepreneurship).

Desarrollo Psicomotor en Niños de Nivel Socioeconómico Medio-Alto

Abstract: Objetivo: Describir los puntajes de desarrollo psicomotor (DSM) en ninos sanos de nivel socio economico medio alto mediante la Escala de Bayley de Desarrollo Infantil (BSID), estandarizada internacionalmente. Pacientes y Metodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo. Se enrolaron 119 ninos 8, 18 y 30 meses, que acudieron a control sano en una Clinica privada de Santiago de Chile, para la aplicacion de BSID III. Se excluyeron los nacidos de pre-termino o con enfermedad neurologica, genetica o metabolica conocida. Resultados: Los puntajes obtenidos en BSID siguieron una distribucion normal (100,3 ± 10). La prevalencia de deficit en el DSM fue 30% a los 8 meses, 7,7% a los 18 y 2,7% a los 30 meses, no hubo diferencia por sexo. A los 8 meses predomino el deficit motor grueso y posteriormente el lenguaje. Las tres subescalas mostraron una tendencia al alza, las areas cognitiva y motriz siguieron una progresion significativa. La motricidad gruesa, que estaba en el rango inferior a los 8 meses, fue normal a los 18. Conclusiones: Destaca la alta frecuencia de deficit motor en la poblacion evaluada, especialmente a la edad de 8 meses. Todas las subescalas mostraron una tendencia al alza, siendo esta diferencia significativa en las areas cognitiva y motora. Se discute el efecto de la estimulacion y los patrones de crianza en el desempeno de los ninos, siendo necesario planificar estudios prospectivos para conocer su relacion de causalidad.

Mindfulness and Taking Action to Start a New Business

Abstract: Mindfulness, meaning a receptive attention to and awareness of present events and experience, is reported to have a wide range of benefits, but it has been suggested that it could prove costly in t...

A developmental evaluation approach to lesson study: exploring the impact of lesson study in London schools

Abstract: This article presents a methodology for the developmental evaluation of a lesson study programme in primary and secondary schools. Our approach combined the principles of (i) user-focused e...

LPS-Induced c-Fos Activation in NTS Neurons and Plasmatic Cortisol Increases in Septic Rats Are Suppressed by Bilateral Carotid Chemodenervation

Abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administered i.p. increases significantly the activation of c-Fos in neurons of the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), which in turn activates hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. The vagus nerve appears to play a role in conveying cytokines signals to the central nervous system (CNS), since -in rodent models of sepsis- bilateral vagotomy abolishes increases in plasmatic glucocorticoid levels, but does not suppress c-Fos NTS activation. Considering that NTS also receives sensory inputs from carotid body chemoreceptors, we evaluated c-Fos activation and plasmatic cortisol levels 90 min after i.p. administration of 15 mg/kg LPS. Experiments were performed in male Sprague–Dawley rats, in control conditions and after bilateral carotid neurotomy (BCN). LPS administration significantly increases the number of c-Fos positive NTS neurons and plasmatic cortisol levels in animals with intact carotid/sinus nerves. When LPS was injected after BCN, the number of c-Fos positive NTS neurons, and plasmatic cortisol levels were not significantly modified. Our data suggest that carotid body chemoreceptors might mediate CNS activation during sepsis.