Universidade de Ribeirão Preto

About: Universidade de Ribeirão Preto is a education organization based out in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Medicine & Population. The organization has 840 authors who have published 913 publications receiving 12089 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Ribeirão Preto.

Typical Monoterpenes as Insecticides and Repellents against Stored Grain Pests.

Abstract: Five monoterpenes naturally occurring in essential oils were tested for their insecticidal and repellent activities against the bruchid beetle Callosobruchus maculatus and the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais. The monoterpenes were highly efficient as inducers of mortality or repellency against both insect species. They were more efficient in their fumigant activity against C. maculatus than against S. zeamais, while this profile of action was inverted when considering the repellent activities. Eugenol was one the most effective fumigants against both insects and one the most effective repellent against C. maculatus, while citronellal and geranial were one the most effective repellents against S. zeamais. Functional and positional isomerism of the monoterpenes pairs appears to exert little or no influence on theirs effects, especially in case of repellency. The validation of the insecticidal/repellent efficacy of isolated monoterpenes may permit a more advantageous, rapid, economic and optimized approach to the identification of promising oils for commercial formulations when combined with ethnobotanical strategies.

Effect of acute treatment with a water-alcohol extract of Erythrina mulungu on anxiety-related responses in rats.

Abstract: We investigated the effect of acute oral treatment with a water-alcohol extract of the inflorescence of Erythrina mulungu (EM, Leguminosae-Papilionaceae) (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) on rats submitted to different anxiety models: the elevated T-maze (for inhibitory avoidance and escape measurements), the light/dark transition, and the cat odor test. These models were selected for their presumed capacity to demonstrate specific subtypes of anxiety disorders as recognized in clinical practice. Treatment with 200 mg/kg EM impaired avoidance latencies (avoidance 1 - 200 mg/kg EM: 18 +/- 7 s, control group: 40 +/- 9 s; avoidance 2 - 200 mg/kg EM: 15 +/- 4 s, control group: 110.33 +/- 38 s) in a way similar to the reference drug diazepam (avoidance 1: 3 +/- 0.79 s; avoidance 2: 3 +/- 0.76 s), without altering escape. Additionally, the same treatments increased the number of transitions (200 mg/kg EM: 6.33 +/- 0.90, diazepam: 10 +/- 1.54, control group: 2.78 +/- 0.60) between the two compartments and the time spent in the lighted compartment in the light/dark transition model (200 mg/kg EM: 39 +/- 7 s; diazepam: 61 +/- 9 s; control group: 14 +/- 4 s). The dose of 400 mg/kg EM also increased this last measurement (38 +/- 8 s). These results were not due to motor alterations since no significant effects were detected in the number of crossings or rearings in the arena. Furthermore, neither EM nor diazepam altered the behavioral responses of rats to a cloth impregnated with cat odor. These observations suggest that EM exerts anxiolytic-like effects on a specific subset of defensive behaviors, particularly those that have been shown to be sensitive to low doses of benzodiazepines.

Antihepatotoxic agent in micropropagated plantlets of Eclipta alba

Abstract: A protocol for in vitro micropropagation of Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk from nodal segment explants has been established. The maximum number of shoots was obtained after 60 days of culture in Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 4.4 μM benzyladenine. Multiple rooting was achieved using MS medium with 2.4 μM 2-isopentyladenine. Wedelolactone was present in shoots cultured in media containing cytokinins.

Differences in body image perception, eating behavior and nutritional status of college students of health and human sciences

Abstract: INTRODUCAO: A literatura refere uma maior prevalencia de transtornos alimentares em academicas de cursos universitarios nos quais a aparencia fisica e importante, entre eles Educacao Fisica e Nutricao. Supoe-se que pessoas preocupadas com seu peso e imagem corporal optem por essas areas por terem um interesse pessoal pelo tema. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a percepcao da imagem corporal, o comportamento alimentar e o estado nutricional de estudantes de cursos das areas da saude e humanas para comparacao entre estas. METODO: Aplicou-se o Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) e o Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) em 127 alunas do primeiro ano dos cursos de Nutricao e Educacao Fisica (Saude) e de Publicidade e Propaganda e Administracao de Empresas (Humanas) que forneceram dados de peso e altura para calculo do indice de massa corporal. RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se uma grande prevalencia de distorcao da imagem em todos os grupos, sem diferenca entre as areas ou entre os cursos. O EAT-26 indicou maiores escores nas estudantes da saude em relacao as de humanas, com alunas de Nutricao apresentando as maiores pontuacoes, estatisticamente diferentes das encontradas nos cursos de Publicidade e Administracao, mas nao de Educacao Fisica. Alem disso, a maioria das alunas foi classificada como eutrofica, e nao se encontraram mulheres com obesidade em nenhum dos cursos, nao havendo diferenca significativa entre areas ou cursos para esta variavel. DISCUSSAO: A alta incidencia de distorcao da imagem corporal associada a grande prevalencia de comportamento alimentar inadequado nas alunas da area da saude demonstra uma possivel susceptibilidade ao desenvolvimento de transtornos alimentares.

Clinical simulation with dramatization: gains perceived by students and health professionals

Abstract: Objective: to identify in the literature the gains health students and professionals perceive when using clinical simulation with dramatization resources. Method: integrative literature review, using the method proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). A search was undertaken in the following databases: Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Web of Science, National Library of Medicine, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, The Cochrane Library, Scopus, Scientific Electronic Library Online. Results: 53 studies were analyzed, which complied with the established inclusion criteria. Among the different gains obtained, satisfaction, self-confidence, knowledge, empathy, realism, reduced level of anxiety, comfort, communication, motivation, capacity for reflection and critical thinking and teamwork stand out. Conclusion: the evidence demonstrates the great possibilities to use dramatization in the context of clinical simulation, with gains in the different health areas, as well as interprofessional gains.Descriptors: Students; Role Playing; Patient Simulation; Education; Perception.