University of Saint Mary

About: University of Saint Mary is a education organization based out in Leavenworth, Kansas, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Galaxy. The organization has 2276 authors who have published 2399 publications receiving 58990 citations. The organization is also known as: University of St. Mary & University of St Mary.

Proof schemes and learning strategies of above-average mathematics students

Abstract: What patterns can be observed among the mathematical arguments above-average students find convincing and the strategies these students use to learn new mathematical concepts? To investigate this question, we gave task-based interviews to eleven female students who had performed well in their college-level mathematics courses, but who differed in the number of proof-oriented courses each had taken One interview was designed to elicit expressions of what students find convincing These expressions were categorized according to the proof schemes defined by Harel and Sowder (1998) A second interview was designed to elicit expressions of what strategies students use to learn a mathematical concept from its definition, and these expressions were classified according to the learning strategies described by Dahlberg and Housman (1997) A qualitative analysis of the data uncovered the existence of a variety of phenomena, including the following: All of the students successfully generated examples when asked to do so, but they differed in whether they generated examples without prompting and whether they successfully generated examples when it was necessary to disprove conjectures All but one of the students exhibited two or more proof schemes, with one student exhibiting four different proof schemes The students who were most convinced by external factors were unsuccessful in generating examples, using examples, and reformulating concepts The only student who found an examples-based argument convincing generated examples far more than the other students The students who wrote and were convinced by deductive arguments were successful in reformulating concepts and using examples, and they were the same set of students who did not generate examples spontaneously but did successfully generate examples when asked to do so or when it was necessary to disprove a conjecture

Cost Justification of the BioFire FilmArray Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel Versus Standard of Care for Diagnosing Meningitis in a Community Hospital:

Abstract: Background:Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Gram stain and culture along with CSF viral polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are the current standard of care (SOC) to diagnose meningitis. Unfortunately, these ...

Institutional Investment Horizons and the Cost of Equity Capital

Abstract: We examine the influence of institutional investors’ investment horizons on a firm’s cost of equity. We argue that the cost of equity will decrease in the presence of institutional investors with longer-term investment horizons due to improved monitoring and information quality. Our empirical results demonstrate that the cost of equity declines in the presence of institutional investors with long-term investment horizons, all else remaining equal. Our results indicate also that the monitoring role of long-term institutional investors is more pronounced for firms with higher agency problems (poorly governed firms). Overall, our evidence suggests that when considering the influence of institutional investors, it is critical to account for institutional heterogeneity, which gives rise to new directions for future research.

How effective are the cross-examination and expert testimony safeguards? Jurors' perceptions of the suggestiveness and fairness of biased lineup procedures.

Abstract: Mock jurors (N = 800) viewed a videotaped trial that included information about a lineup identification procedure. Suggestiveness of the eyewitness identification procedure varied in terms of foil, instruction, and presentation biases. Expert testimony regarding the factors that influence lineup suggestiveness was also manipulated. Criteria included juror ratings of lineup suggestiveness and fairness, ratings of defendant culpability, and verdicts. Jurors were sensitive to foil bias but only minimally sensitive to instruction and presentation biases. Expert testimony enhanced juror sensitivity only to instruction bias. These results have implications for the effectiveness of cross-examination and expert testimony as safeguards against erroneous convictions resulting from mistaken identifications.

Predictors of poor outcome in patients with a spontaneous cerebellar hematoma.

Abstract: Introduction et Objectif: Les auteurs ont etudie les caracteristiques cliniques et neuroradiologiques d'hematomes cerebelleux afin de predire au moyen de modeles statistiques ceux qui comportent un mauvais pronostic. Methodes: Nous avons revu de facon retrospective les caracteristiques cliniques et neuroradiologiques de 94 patients porteurs d'hematomes cerebelleux spontanes pour identifier les signes predictifs de sequelles neurologiques importantes definies comme le deces ou le placement dans une institution de soins prolonges. Les donnees ont ete analysees au moyen du chi carre, de la methode exacte de Fisher ainsi que du calcul du risque relatif et de l'intervalle de confiance (IC) a 95%. Resultats: Les predicteurs cliniques et neuroradiologiques d'un mauvais pronostic (p 200 mm Hg a l'admission, un hematome de plus de 3 cm, une distorsion visible du tronc cerebral et une hydrocephalie aigue. Les observations au moment de l'examen initial qui predisent un deces subsequent (p >0.05) etaient une reponse corneenne et oculocephalogyre anormales, un score de moins de 8 a l'echelle de Glasgow, un score moindre pour la reponse motrice que pour la localisation a la douleur, une hydrocephalie aigue et une hemorragie intraventriculaire. Conclusion: Un algorythme d'analyse utilisant un cloisonnement recursif binaire a montre que le reflexe corneen, l'hydrocephalie, le phenomene des yeux de poupee, l'âge et la taille de l'hematome etaient les facteurs discriminants les plus importants. Des reflexes corneens absents a l'admission etaient un signe important d'un mauvais pronostic (86%, intervalle de confiance 67 a 96%). Quand le reflexe corneen est present, une hydrocephalie aigue indique un mauvais pronostic, mais seulement quand le phenomene des yeux de poupee est egalement absent.