Institution
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
Education•San Antonio, Texas, United States•
About: University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio is a education organization based out in San Antonio, Texas, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Melatonin. The organization has 28008 authors who have published 44104 publications receiving 2281613 citations. The organization is also known as: UT Health San Antonio.
Topics: Population, Melatonin, Cancer, Diabetes mellitus, Insulin
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Exogenous melatonin application confers abiotic stress resistance in bermudagrass through modulation of antioxidants and metabolic homeostasis, and extensive transcriptional reprogramming such as the reorientation of photorespiratory, carbohydrate, and nitrogen metabolism.
Abstract: Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), a well-known animal hormone, is also involved in plant development and abiotic stress responses. In this study, it is shown that exogenous application of melatonin conferred improved salt, drought, and cold stress resistances in bermudagrass. Moreover, exogenous melatonin treatment alleviated reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst and cell damage induced by abiotic stress; this involved activation of several antioxidants. Additionally, melatonin-pre-treated plants exhibited higher concentrations of 54 metabolites, including amino acids, organic acids, sugars, and sugar alcohols, than non-treated plants under abiotic stress conditions. Genome-wide transcriptomic profiling identified 3933 transcripts (2361 up-regulated and 1572 down-regulated) that were differentially expressed in melatonin-treated plants versus controls. Pathway and gene ontology (GO) term enrichment analyses revealed that genes involved in nitrogen metabolism, major carbohydrate metabolism, tricarboxylic acid (TCA)/org transformation, transport, hormone metabolism, metal handling, redox, and secondary metabolism were over-represented after melatonin pre-treatment. Taken together, this study provides the first evidence of the protective roles of exogenous melatonin in the bermudagrass response to abiotic stresses, partially via activation of antioxidants and modulation of metabolic homeostasis. Notably, metabolic and transcriptomic analyses showed that the underlying mechanisms of melatonin could involve major reorientation of photorespiratory and carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism.
388 citations
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TL;DR: The increased gamma ray sensitivity of rad1Δ rad52Δ yku70Δ strains compared to rad52 δ yKu70Γ strains suggests that MMEJ also contributes to the repair of DSBs induced by ionizing radiation.
Abstract: End joining of double-strand breaks (DSBs) requires Ku proteins and frequently involves base pairing between complementary terminal sequences. To define the role of terminal base pairing in end joining, two oppositely oriented HO endonuclease cleavage sites separated by 2.0 kb were integrated into yeast chromosome III, where constitutive expression of HO endonuclease creates two simultaneous DSBs with no complementary end sequence. Lack of complementary sequence in their 3' single-strand overhangs facilitates efficient repair events distinctly different from when the 3' ends have a 4-bp sequence base paired in various ways to create 2- to 3-bp insertions. Repair of noncomplementary ends results in a set of nonrandom deletions of up to 302 bp, annealed by imperfect microhomology of about 8 to 10 bp at the junctions. This microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) is Ku independent, but strongly dependent on Mre11, Rad50, and Rad1 proteins and partially dependent on Dnl4 protein. The MMEJ also occurs when Rad52 is absent, but the extent of deletions becomes more limited. The increased gamma ray sensitivity of rad1Delta rad52Delta yku70Delta strains compared to rad52Delta yku70Delta strains suggests that MMEJ also contributes to the repair of DSBs induced by ionizing radiation.
388 citations
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TL;DR: Results suggest that a negative charge imposed at serine 1179, either by phosphorylation or by replacement with aspartate, increases eNOS catalytic activity by increasing electron flux at the reductase domain and by reducing calmodulin dissociation from activated eN OS when calcium levels are low.
388 citations
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TL;DR: By expression of bovine adrenocortical P-450(17 alpha) in COS 1 (transformed monkey kidney) cells, it is established in situ that a single polypeptide chain does catalyze both the 17 alpha-hydroxylase and the 17,20-lyase reactions.
Abstract: Cortisol production requires the activity of only 17 alpha-hydroxylase, whereas the formation of sex steroids requires both 17 alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities. Studies in reconstituted enzyme systems have suggested that a single steroid hydroxylase, 17 alpha-hydroxylase cytochrome P-450 (P-450(17) alpha), catalyzes both activities. By expression of bovine adrenocortical P-450(17 alpha) in COS 1 (transformed monkey kidney) cells, which normally contain no detectable P-450(17) alpha, it has now been established in situ that a single polypeptide chain does catalyze both the 17 alpha-hydroxylase and the 17,20-lyase reactions. This heterologous system supports 17 alpha-hydroxylation of pregnenolone and progesterone with equal efficiency, but catalyzes about five times as much 17,20-lyase activity when 17 alpha-hydroxypregnenolone is the substrate than when 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone is the substrate. For these activities to be observed in COS 1 cells, newly synthesized apocytochrome P-450(17) alpha must bind heme and insert into the endoplasmic reticulum such that endogenous cytochrome P-450 reductase can support hydroxylation. Thus, COS 1 cells are a useful system for expression and study of various forms of cytochrome P-450.
388 citations
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TL;DR: All original MRI research papers involving autistic patients, published from 1966 to May 2003, were reviewed in order to elucidate brain anatomy and development of autism and rated for completeness using a 12-item check-list.
387 citations
Authors
Showing all 28104 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Ralph B. D'Agostino | 226 | 1287 | 229636 |
Yi Chen | 217 | 4342 | 293080 |
Joseph L. Goldstein | 207 | 556 | 149527 |
Ronald Klein | 194 | 1305 | 149140 |
Thomas C. Südhof | 191 | 653 | 118007 |
Gordon B. Mills | 187 | 1273 | 186451 |
Scott M. Grundy | 187 | 841 | 231821 |
Michael S. Brown | 185 | 422 | 123723 |
Eric Boerwinkle | 183 | 1321 | 170971 |
Didier Raoult | 173 | 3267 | 153016 |
Russel J. Reiter | 169 | 1646 | 121010 |
Nahum Sonenberg | 167 | 647 | 104053 |
Steven N. Blair | 165 | 879 | 132929 |
Nora D. Volkow | 165 | 958 | 107463 |
Stephen J. Elledge | 162 | 406 | 112878 |