Showing papers in "American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology in 1993"

TL;DR: HELLP syndrome is associated with serious maternal morbidity, especially when it arises in the postpartum period, and there was a strong association between pulmonary edema and acute renal failure.

TL;DR: Independent of biomedical risk, maternal prenatal stress factors are significantly associated with infant birth weight and with gestational age at birth.

TL;DR: Infusion of an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis during pregnancy causes hypertension and fetal growth retardation, without affecting gestational length, which indicates that an alteration in nitrics oxide synthesis may be one of the factors responsible for this disorder.

TL;DR: In a randomized, controlled, prospective trial epidural analgesia resulted in a significant prolongation in the first and second stages of labor and a significant increase in the frequency of cesarean delivery, primarily related to dystocia.

TL;DR: Data support the concept that maternal hemodynamic adaptation to pregnancy is most likely triggered by a primary fall in systemic vascular tone, which develops because the vascular filling state normalizes, whereas the reduced afterload reduction is maintained.

TL;DR: Interleukin-6 concentrations in amniotic fluid are a better predictor of microbial invasion of the amniotics cavity, amniocentesis-to-delivery interval and neonatal complications than the ammiotic fluid Gram stain, glucose, or white blood cell count in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes.

TL;DR: This regimen requires minimal laboratory follow-up and eliminates leukovorin recovery, making it the regimen of choice for medical treatment of unruptured ectopic pregnancy.

TL;DR: Interleukin-6 concentrations in amniotic fluid are better indicators of microbial invasion of the amniotics cavity, amniocentesis-to-delivery interval, and neonatal complications than the ammiotic fluid Gram stain, glucose concentration, or white blood cell count.

TL;DR: This work summarizes uterine animal and human electromyographic information obtained at cellular, myometrial, and abdominal levels during gestation and parturition to show that both internal and external electromyograms occur in phase with intrauterine pressure increase and exhibit similar spectra.

TL;DR: Osteoporotic vertebral fractures were found in 2.2% of the women, and a relationship to the amount of heparin was indicated, although fractures were not avoided during low-dose, short-term prophylaxis, and recurrence could probably have been prevented.

TL;DR: The underlying fascia should be closed whenever a 10 mm or larger trocar is placed at an extraumbilical site during laparoscopy, and the peritoneum may also require closure at 12 mm trocar sites if the tro car is placed through, rather than lateral to, the rectus sheath.

TL;DR: It is possible to identify two subgroups of patients among those who are delivered preterm because of preterm labor or premature rupture of membranes, one with infection of the products of conception and another with maternal placental vasculopathy.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify the risk factors associated with overt, catastrophic uterine rupture and report maternal and neonatal outcomes and the associated elapsed time window for delivery of an uncompromised neonate.

TL;DR: Severity of vasomotor complaints is related to an overall reduced well-being and the change in prevalence of atypical complaints according to menopausal status is rather small.

TL;DR: When compared with rates in previous reports, mortality rates appear to have improved, especially at gestational ages < 29 weeks, and may be useful in decision-making and in counseling patients at risk for preterm delivery.

TL;DR: The cytokines tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, and interleucin-6 may play a role in the onset of normal labor.

TL;DR: Abnormal adherent placentation was the most common cause preceding gravid hysterectomy, with uterine atony accounting for 21% and maternal morbidity remained high, including postoperative infection, intraoperative urologic injury, and need for transfusion in 102 patients.

TL;DR: Women with pelvic inflammatory disease who delay seeking care are at increased risk for infertility and ectopic pregnancy, and prompt evaluation and treatment of chlamydial pelvicinflammatory disease can prevent these sequelae.

TL;DR: Direct evidence of abnormal endothelial function in preeclampsia is provided by examining acetylcholine-mediated relaxation in small arteries dissected from the subcutaneous fat layer examined at the time of cesarean section.

TL;DR: Estradiol therapy was superior to placebo in relieving symptoms and improving quality of life and self-rated symptom relief was more pronounced with estrogen therapy than with placebo.

TL;DR: Replacement hormone therapy is not associated with increased risk of breast cancer in women who have ever used it, but data on use of estrogen plus progestins combined from four studies indicate that risk is not reduced and that the overall relative risk is 1.13.

TL;DR: The use of prednisone therapy in conjunction with low-dose aspirin does not appear to improve outcome and may provoke obstetric complications in antiphospholipid antibody-positive patients with prior adverse pregnancy outcome.

TL;DR: A rapid, office-based oligonucleotide probe test for high concentrations of G. vaginalis has been developed and may be useful when direct microscopy is unavailable or confidence in microscopic examination is low.

TL;DR: The high concentrations of anaerobic gram-negative rods, peptostreptococci, and other opportunistic pathogens in the lower genital tract place women with bacterial vaginosis at increased risk for genital infections and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

TL;DR: The findings of the different types of chromosomal abnormalities and their ultrasonographically detectable phenotypic expression provide the background for prospective studies to determine the incidence of chromosome abnormalities in unselected populations of small-for-gestational-age fetuses.

TL;DR: Pelvic fluid concentrations of RANTES, a cytokine with potent chemotactic activity for human monocytes, may play an important role in the recruitment of peritoneal macrophages in endometriosis.

TL;DR: ST waveform analysis discriminates cardiotocogram changes in labor, and the protocol for interpretation is safe, and further randomized studies are warranted.

TL;DR: Insulin, insulin- like growth factors I and II and insulin are all related to fetal growth and weight gain, and insulin-like growth factor-I correlates best with birth weight.

TL;DR: The combined use of corticosteroids and surfactant significantly decreased overall death and death caused by respiratory distress syndrome relative to either treatment alone and improves neonatal outcome.

TL;DR: Most of the traditional risk factors for shoulder dystocia have no predictive value, shoulder dyStocia itself is an unpredictable event, and infants at risk for permanent injury are virtually impossible to predict.