Showing papers in "Applied Clay Science in 2011"

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarized the development of the use of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and their derivatives as heterogeneous and recyclable catalysts/catalyst supports for various reactions in the period of 2005 to early 2010.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors investigated water evaporation, volume shrinkage, surface crack initiation and propagation processes during the whole drying period with application of image processing technique, the geometric or morphological characteristics of crack patterns were quantitatively described.

TL;DR: In this article, a series of image processing technologies and geometric measurement methods is introduced to quantify multiple scale microporosity in images, such as probability entropy, probability distribution index and fractal dimension were introduced to describe the distribution of the three major characteristics of pore system.

TL;DR: In this article, the antibacterial and antifungal activity of montmorillonite, Ag-MMT, CuMMT and ZnMMT was investigated and the effect of free metal ions on Escherichia coli and Pycnoporus cinnabarinus was investigated.

TL;DR: A review of the literature indicates that precise determination of microstructure and in situ observation of reactions at the molecular and atomic levels remain essential tasks as mentioned in this paper, and the potential applications of clay-based heterogeneous catalysts have many practical and potential applications in green catalysis.

TL;DR: Clays and modified clays are used to catalyze various types of organic reactions such as addition, Michael addition, carbene addition and insertion, hydrogenation, alkylation, acylation, pericyclic reactions, condensation reactions, aldol formation, imine synthesis, diazotization reactions, synthesis of heterocycles, esterification reactions, rearrangement/isomerization reactions as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, focused ion beam nanotomography (FIB-nt) was employed to analyze the topology of the pore space of Opalinus clays, which is considered as a candidate host rock formation for the disposal of radioactive waste.

TL;DR: In this article, various industrial wastes such as urban sewage sludge, bagasse, and sludge from the brewing industry, olive mill wastewater, and coffee ground residue were blended with clay to produce bricks.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented an experimental study in the stabilization of an expansive soil, consisting of the reduction of its swelling capacity and the improvement of its mechanical capacities by the addition of byproducts and waste materials of industrial origin.

TL;DR: In this article, the synthesis of a ZnO/montmorillonite photocatalyst was conducted using a sol-gel intercalation method and the physicochemical properties of the material were determined by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, SEM, TEM and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance.

TL;DR: In this article, the external specific surface area (SSA), specific edge surface area, and specific basal surface area of an illite (Inter-ILI) and a montmorillonite (Ceratosil) were determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and compared with the SSA obtained by N 2 gas adsorption (BET) and by liquid adaption using E glycol monomethyl ether (EGME).

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of methods of evaluating the plasticity of clay-water systems is presented, and the most important methods are those that simulate the conditions of real processing.

TL;DR: In this article, the influence of the clays used is assessed in terms of clay reactivity using structural data determined by FTIR spectroscopy, thermal analysis, XRD, and SEM characterizations.

TL;DR: Amorphous nanocomposite films were prepared from melt-blending of polylactide (PLA) and an organo-modified montmorillonite (O-MMT) as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the ability to remove ammonium (NH 4 + ) from aqueous solutions with different Na + concentrations (0.03, 0.1, and 0.3 m) by natural Iranian zeolite in millimeter and nanometer particle sizes was determined and the equilibrium isotherms were characterized.

TL;DR: In this article, the CIP adsorption capacities on montmorillonite, rectorite, and illite were investigated, and it was shown that hydrogen bonding between CIP carboxylic groups and basal oxygen atoms on external surface made a significant contribution to the adaption.

TL;DR: In this paper, a series of KOH/bentonite catalysts were prepared by impregnation of bentonite from Pacitan with potassium hydroxide, and the ratios between KOH and bentonite were 1:20, 1.10, 1:5, 1/4, 1 /3, and 1/2.

TL;DR: The physical and engineering properties of remolded clays are intrinsic and can be used as a frame of reference for the behavior of remold clays as mentioned in this paper, which is useful and practical tools for assessing the intrinsic compressibility and permeability of non- to high-swelling clays in terms of liquid limit.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors recorded time-temperature evolutions of different parts inside a pot during three experimental surface (bonfire) firings and found the range of the thermal variation within one single firing was found to be as high as 390°C, and up to 220°C on a specific cross-section.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of cyclic wetting-drying phenomena on the swelling behavior of modified expansive clayey soils have been investigated under laboratory conditions, and the results show that silica fume decreases the progressive deformation of modified expanded clayey soil subjected to cyclic drying and wetting.

TL;DR: In this paper, two metakaolins (MK1 and MK2) were investigated for use as supplementary cementitious materials in cement-based systems, and four series of mortar mixes were made.

TL;DR: In this paper, the application of clay minerals for preventing gastrointestinal upsets in animals is described in a review, where the actual use of clay and clay minerals are directed towards the production of selective sorbents applicable to both human and veterinary medicine.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of incorporation of nanoclay on the spherulitic morphology of the TPU matrix was studied with a polarizing optical microscope (POM) with the help of dynamic strain, frequency, and temperature sweeps.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the stability of the dioctahedral calcium montmorillonite under high pressure conditions and showed that it was stable despite reversible deformation in the Si-O bond and did not lose water up to 13 GPa.

TL;DR: In this article, the methylic and ethylic esterification of lauric acid was investigated using raw halloysite as a catalyst, in heterogeneous media.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) as nano-adsorbents for removal of the cationic dye, Malachite Green (MG), from aqueous solutions.

TL;DR: In this paper, several simple positively charged natural amino acids were used for organo-modification of unmodified Cloisite Na + montmorillonite using an intercalation reaction in an aqueous solution.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focused on preparing and characterizing bentonite clay through thermal treatment in order to be applied in a porous bed for copper adsorption, and a study was conducted to define the operation outflow based on the minimum mass transfer zone (MTZ) obtained, useful (qU) and total (qT) adsorbed amounts, and total copper removal percentage (R (%)).

TL;DR: In this paper, the synthesis of TiO2 supported Moroccan palygorskite fibers and their use as photocatalyst for the removal of Orange G pollutant from wastewater was discussed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the feasibility of incorporating sludge from decantation ponds of a water treatment plant (WTP) into a ceramic body used in ceramic brick manufacturing was evaluated.