Showing papers in "Clinical Psychology Review in 2001"

TL;DR: The pattern of evidence suggests the theory that exercise training recruits a process which confers enduring resilience to stress, which allows the effects of exercise to be understood in terms of existing psychobiological knowledge, and it can thereby provide the theoretical base that is needed to guide future research in this area.

TL;DR: Evidence for the continuity of psychotic symptoms with normal experiences is reviewed, focusing on the symptoms of hallucinations and delusions, and the theoretical and treatment implications of such a continuum are discussed.

TL;DR: It is argued that biases in this cycle cause negative events to be attributed to external agents and hence contribute to the building of a paranoid world view, and a new integrative model is proposed that builds on this work.

TL;DR: It is proposed that research efforts so far have been hampered by the adoption of models and perspectives that are narrow and do not adequately capture the complexity associated with the adolescent sexual experience.

TL;DR: It is concluded that chronic pain and PTSD are mutually maintaining conditions and that there are several pathways by which both disorders may be involved in the escalation of symptoms and distress following trauma.

TL;DR: The evidence reviewed indicates that high personal standards are specifically elevated in patients with eating disorders and beliefs about others' high standards for the self are associated with a broad range of psychopathology.

TL;DR: A review and evaluation of the research that has examined body image concerns, and eating attitudes and behaviors among children 6 to 11 years of age is presented in this article, where the instruments used to assess body image concern and eating disturbance in children closely resemble those used with adolescents and adults.

TL;DR: Empirical evidence on the longitudinal course, phenomenological features, and possible diagnostic relevance of grief reactions was generally consistent with the DSM-IV's view of bereavement and provided little support for more complicated taxonomies.

TL;DR: A small to moderate rebound effect of thought suppression that varied in magnitude depending on the nature of the target thought and the method by which thought frequency was measured is indicated.

TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the current body of literature on dating aggression, with an emphasis on the necessity to establish a theoretical model of typology to allow investigation of the distinct subgroups of violent individuals.

TL;DR: Findings suggest that the current literature may be incorrect in its view that subclinical and clinical forms of eating disturbance represent the poles of a single continuum and call into question the belief that SES influences the development of eating pathology.

TL;DR: There is a need for studies using longitudinal and qualitative methologies, as this would foster greater understanding of the psychological and emotional processes involved in adjusting to disfiguring conditions.

TL;DR: There is little evidence to suggest that social phobia is associated with a memory bias for socially threatening stimuli, and the relationship between the empirical evidence from information processing studies and the cognitive model of socialphobia by Clark and Wells (1995) will be discussed.

TL;DR: A conceptual framework relating alcohol to suicidal behavior is presented and the proximal risk factors associated with acute intoxication are consistent with Baumeister's (1990) escape theory of suicide.

TL;DR: Empirical findings and critical methodological issues related to this important but often overlooked aspect of adult adjustment suggest that early sexual abuse represents a risk factor for a range of interpersonal dysfunction among female survivors.

TL;DR: There are findings indicating that 16-20 sessions of both STPP and CBT/BT are insufficient for most patients to achieve lasting remission, and future studies should address the effects of longer treatments of depression.

TL;DR: The history of the clinical significance concept is reviewed; the various methods for defining improvement, recovery, and clinically significant change are described; current criticisms of the methods are examined; and the current use of these methods in practice is described.

TL;DR: It is concluded that viewing insomnia as a symptom or epiphenomenon of other disorders can be unfounded and may deprive many patients of treatment, which might not only cure their insomnia, but may also reduce symptoms associated with the assumed 'primary' disorder.

TL;DR: A meta-analytic review examined revictimization rates and sources of variance among rates provided by 19 empirical studies of adult females as mentioned in this paper, suggesting a definite relationship between childhood victimization and adult victimization experiences.

TL;DR: A new multidimensional model of the psychological experience of orgasm is described with a view to futhering a biopsychological approach applicable to both sexes.

TL;DR: Challenge research is concluded to be a promising paradigm to examine the influence of psychological variables in anxious responding, and that such work will likely be enhanced with greater attention to psychological process issues.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the role of coping in the development of psychosocial interventions for chronically ill patients and present a review of 35 studies concerned with the impact of interventions aimed at improving coping on patients' quality of life.

TL;DR: There is converging evidence in both clinical and community samples that, compared to other women, female CSA survivors do experience more relationship problems and more problems in sexual functioning.

TL;DR: The cognitive difficulties associated with the disorder of schizophrenia seem to be predictive of future dependence on psychiatric services and predict social functioning, and the evidence for their efficacy is variable and seems to be dependent on the use of specific components of training.

TL;DR: Examination and the initial results from uncontrolled and controlled treatment research suggest that cognitive behavioral treatments for BDD may be as effective as those for possibly related disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder and bulimia nervosa.

TL;DR: It is suggested that remitted depression studies as typically conducted and interpreted are inadequate tests of the cognitive vulnerability hypotheses of depression onset, and the use of a theory-guided behavioral high-risk strategy is advocated to more adequately test the cognitiveulnerability hypotheses of Depression onset.

TL;DR: In this article, it is proposed that child-onset OCD represents a phenomenologically and etiologically distinct subtype of OCD, bearing a close genetic relationship to tic-disorders and possibly sharing a common or similar pathogenesis.

TL;DR: TBI populations provide a useful means by which the role of traumatic memories (and impaired memories) in posttraumatic adjustment can be studied, and it is suggested that these two conditions can co-exist.

TL;DR: Therapist attitudes are far less likely to include allegiance to religion than are those of the public and psychiatric patients, and therapists need to engage in problem solving with clients in the context of this example of sociocultural factors.