Showing papers in "Field Crops Research in 2004"

TL;DR: Results of this 3-year study show that all vegetative and yield parameters were significantly affected by water shortage in the soil profile due to omitted irrigation during the sensitive tasselling and cob formation stages.

TL;DR: Yield is usually more sink than source limited during seed filling in the three crops, though: interspecific variation exists in the magnitude of limitation, and intraspecific variability is larger in soybean than in cereals.

TL;DR: It is concluded that while gains in kernels per plant can be made by exploiting native genetic variation among elite breeding lines, improvements in functional stay-green or in root distribution and function may require additional genetic variation from outside the species.

TL;DR: The ecophysiological constraints on the production of the arabica and robusta coffee under shading or full sunlight are reviewed and the relationships between gas exchange performance and key environmental factors are emphasized.

TL;DR: Two experiments on stress-tolerant Suneca and stress-susceptible Batavia wheat varieties showed that thousand-kernel weight (TKW) and weight of kernels per ear were more severely decreased by water deficit than by heat in both varieties, and more by water stress in Batavia than in Suneca.

TL;DR: In this paper, a new maize (Zea mays L.) simulation model, Hybrid-Maize, was developed by combining the strengths of two modeling approaches: the growth and development functions in maize-specific models represented by CERES-maize, and the mechanistic formulation of photosynthesis and respiration in generic crop models such as INTERCOM and WOFOST.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of different timing and duration of water deficit on crop growth and yield were reproduced with the model for a rain-shelter experiment at Lincoln, New Zealand where observed grain yields were reduced from 10 to 4 t −1 due to increased water deficit.

TL;DR: The improved grain yield per unit area of modern maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids is due to the increased optimum plant population rather than the improved grain yields per plant as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: Yield advantage was greater in case of the groundnut/maize association than in monoculture plots and the competition ratio (CR) is a better indication of performance than RCC.

TL;DR: It is suggested that a low availability of current and reverse photosynthate in leaves coupled with an impaired ability to utilize the incoming sucrose by pods resulted in a decreased carbohydrate flux from leaves to pods, together with a decreased hexose to sucrose ratio in pods are potential factors contributing to pod abortion in drought-stressed soybeans.

TL;DR: Major reduction in number of days to maturity was observed under drought, mainly in resistant cultivars, Pinto Villa and G4523, which contributed to lessen the impact of drought stress in resistant common bean cultivars.

TL;DR: In this paper, 30 cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L) were evaluated in terms of their leaf and grain K/Na ratios and their ion selectivity responses to NaCl salinity.

TL;DR: In this paper, two experiments were designed to follow the effect of increasing soil water deficit (SWD) on processes such as leaf appearance, leaf and stalk extension, leaf area development, biomass and sucrose accumulation and dry matter partitioning.

TL;DR: A 14-year field trial was conducted on a calcareous soil to evaluate the effects of continuous rice (Oryza sativa L.) cropping and fertilization on crop yield, soil fertility and phosphorus fractions as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: An integration of quantitative genetics with mechanistic and conceptual models of plant response to mineral stresses is needed if the authors are to understand plant Response to global change in real-world soils.

TL;DR: This paper investigated the general potency of the system of rice intensification (SRI) and concluded that the original reports of extraordinary high yields are likely to be the consequence of error and that the SRI has no inherent advantage over the conventional system.

TL;DR: In this article, a raised bed-planting system with a number of defined rows (usually two to four rows) planted on top of the bed with furrow irrigation was found to overcome the disadvantages of conventional flat planting for winter wheat.

TL;DR: The overall distribution of root length density and root dry weight among the RILs indicated that these traits are likely to be under polygenic control, and the implications for the molecular breeding of drought-avoidance root traits in chickpea are discussed.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that early determined plant types are the cause of the large variability in final kernel number per plant (KNP) usually observed at low values of plant growth rate (PGR) around silking in maize was tested and seemed to be exerted through current assimilate partitioning during the critical period.

TL;DR: Although different environment types showed contrasting effects on the physiological attributes underlying grain yield variation among cultivars, it was observed that good average performance and broad adaptation could come from the combination of medium–late maturity and high harvest index.

TL;DR: In this article, double cropping was shown to increase resource productivity in relation to single crops through improved capture and efficiency in the use of resources, and the link between radiation (RUE) and water-use efficiency (WUE) previously established for sole crops remained when scaling up to double Crops.

TL;DR: Climate changes were favourable for the most of the commonly grown crops (wheat, barley, rape, sugar beet, rye, maize and legumes), since the crops gave higher yields in warmer years that were accompanied by more hours of sunshine.

TL;DR: A screening technique was developed/standardized, and was found to be an efficient technique for large-scale screening of maize genotypes against excess soil moisture stress, and remarkable variability was found among the genotypes studied.

TL;DR: In this article, three different experiments were designed to study the effects of N fertilizer rate, timing and splitting, and the response to combined application of N and S fertilizer on the bread-making quality of hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) over a 3-year period in Vertisols under rainfed Mediterranean conditions.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that low temperature affects both the development and function of reproductive structures in the chickpea flower, and the function of pollen derived from chilling sensitive plants is clearly affected most by low temperature stress.

TL;DR: It was concluded that CMT could be a useful technique for differentiating heat-tolerant and susceptible cottons, however, its indirect selection on the basis of SCY under non-heat-stressed environments must be implemented with caution.

TL;DR: In this paper, a simplified water uptake model that does not use RLD was developed, but as an alternative, uses generalizations from measured soil water content changes to predict root water uptake.

TL;DR: The results showed that the contribution of the second flush to final yield is highly variable and can be considerable, especially where mid-season stress is relieved at early pod filling, and the difficulty of accounting for timing effects of water deficit where second flushes of pods alter canopy development, biomass and yield accumulation, and N dynamics.

TL;DR: The higher heritability for leaf 1 width and its strong genetic correlation with SLA and leaf area indicates the value of leaf width in integrating genotypic variation for SLA toward selection of greater early vigour in wheat.

TL;DR: The results imply that the key trait driving maturity was the timing of the onset of reproductive growth and the subsequent development of the demand for dry matter.