Showing papers in "Harmful Algae in 2011"

TL;DR: Understanding of nutrient enrichment and high ambient temperature influences on Microcystis biomass is advanced, using a continuous, 11-year record of environmental data and phytoplankton species.

TL;DR: The Review includes a brief discussion of the Florida red tide organisms and their toxins, and then focuses on the effects of these toxins on animals and humans, including how these effects predict what the authors might expect to see in exposed people.

TL;DR: The Neuroblastoma cell-based assays for ciguatoxins (CTX) and maitotoxin (MTX) confirmed G. excentricus as a CTX- and MTX-like compounds producer.

TL;DR: The data suggest that the proliferation of cyanobacteria, but not the production of microcystin, is influenced (and perhaps regulated) by both nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, implying that specific bacteria may associate with bloom events and/or be associated with nutrient sources loading into this system.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the use of macroalgae may be a promising mitigation strategy for HABs in coastal ecosystems because it contains heat-stable allelochemicals that play a major role in the observed allelopathic effects.

TL;DR: The temporal variations in cyanobacteria and microcystin production in a tropical reservoir, Kranji Reservoir in Singapore, were studied by using molecular techniques and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) respectively and total nitrogen and total phosphorus were positively correlated with the abundances of total Microcystis and toxigenic Micro Cystis.

TL;DR: Cell densities of toxic and non-toxic Microcystis were strongly related, implying that their growth may be governed by the same environmental factors, and eutrophication together with global warming could lead to more frequent toxic blooms.

TL;DR: It is proposed that phenotypic and genetic variability of C. raciborskii populations is linked to the existence of different ecotypes whose success is subject to the local environmental conditions.

TL;DR: Sands were critical for speeding up the kinetic processes of flocculation and sedimentation of algal flocs and chitosan was also important in inhibiting the escape of cells from theflocs.

TL;DR: Ostreopsis ovata Fukuyo is an epiphytic, toxic dinoflagellate inhabiting tropical and sub-tropical waters worldwide and also in certain temperate waters such as the Mediterranean Sea.

TL;DR: This is the first report of blue mussels’ feeding on the azaspiracid producing algae A. spinosum from Irish waters and could have implications in the future monitoring of these toxins given that at present according to EU legislation only AZA1–AZA3 is regulated for.

TL;DR: The results indicate that sonication may provide a more environmentally friendly and more effective method for the control of cyanobacteria blooms than conventional treatments.

TL;DR: This study marks the first reported occurrence of okadaic acid in marine mammals, and documents a unique co-occurrence of multiple HAB toxins associated with an unusual mortality event.

TL;DR: The goal of the study was to describe spatial and temporal variability in the distribution, frequency of occurrence, and composition of HABs, along with an examination of potential driving factors, such as hydrologic conditions and nutrient concentrations, in the Indian River Lagoon.

TL;DR: It is suggested that allelopathic inhibition of competing phytoplankton promotes Alexandrium blooms in North America.

TL;DR: The hypothesis is that the seed stock for the A sanguinea bloom off Oregon was southward transport of cells from the Washington coast where a massive bloom of A. sanguinea was first observed in September 2009.

TL;DR: The results suggested that the diversity of the cyanobacterial population in the pelagic water was quite low from July to September, and that Microcystis and Synechococcus were the two most dominant cyanobacteria.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors tested two competing hypotheses that outline the primary causes of ciguatera outbreaks: (1) the new surface hypothesis and (2) the climate oscillation hypothesis.

TL;DR: These results provide the first evidence of the production of CYN and deoxy-CYN by R. mediterranea and it is the second species of the genus Raphidiopsis known to produce these potent cyanotoxins.

TL;DR: Results demonstrate that DSP production in D. acuminata is constitutive, and that specific toxins are differentially produced or accumulated during the cells' growth phase, possibly in response to changes to their environment.

TL;DR: A simple in vitro assay for microalgal ichthyotoxicity using the rainbow trout cell line RTgill-W1 and a modification of this assay using an insert support with permeable membranes is presented to test the toxicity of living marine microalgae.

TL;DR: The results suggest that enhanced DOP utilization and the endurance of nutrient-limitation by harmful flagellate taxa offer their competitive advantages, which may account for the frequent occurrence of their blooms in coastal waters.

TL;DR: The Solid Phase Adsorption Toxin Tracking (SPATT) and Polar Organic Compound Integrative Samplers (POCIS) have been used for primarily marine phycotoxins with more limited application to freshwater toxins.

TL;DR: No phylogenetic pattern between PSP producing and non-producing strains could be established, however the terminal tamarense complex was shown to produce more PSP analogues than basal clades, allowing for the improved phylogenetic resolution of evolutionary patterns there in.

TL;DR: The results served to highlight the role of mixotrophy and clone variability in the formation of HABs and determine the functional responses to food concentration.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the HAB-WOO model to examine changes in the annual HABWOO duration over the period from 1967 to 2006, and the potential effect of future climate change on HAB risk through the late 21st century.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the occurrence and distribution of three harmful algal blooms (HABs) in coastal waters of Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, including Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum and G. catenatum.

TL;DR: This study demonstrates a strong and stable production and release of CYN by A. ovalisporum along field-realistic gradients of temperature and light, thus becoming a predictive tool useful for the management of water bodies potentially affected by this ecologically plastic cyanobacterium.

TL;DR: In this paper, an 15-year time series (1993-2008) of sediment trap samples collected from the Santa Barbara Basin (SBB) at 540m were analyzed for Pseudo-nitzschia (n =196, microscopy and SEM) and domoic acid (n=206, LC-MS/MS) concentrations and fluxes.

TL;DR: In this article, a high resolution time series of dissolved oxygen concentrations obtained from a bottom mooring off Elands Bay, located within the greater St Helena Bay region, is examined in relation to the development of an exceptional bloom of the dinoflagellate Ceratium balechii and an anoxia-induced mass mortality.