Showing papers in "Harmful Algae in 2015"

TL;DR: Forecasting changes in HAB patterns over the next few decades will depend critically upon considering harmful algal blooms within the competitive context of plankton communities, and linking these insights to ecosystem, oceanographic and climate models.

TL;DR: The high degree of sewage N contamination of the IRL, combined with recent HABs, including toxic ecotypes of the red macroalga Gracilaria tikvahiae McLachlan, seagrass loss, and wildlife mortality, indicates a critical need for improved sewage collection and treatment, including nutrient removal.

TL;DR: Mechanisms describing the outbreak, persistence, and decline of red tides were reviewed, the advantages and limitations of each mechanism were evaluated, and insights about the evolution of the mechanisms were developed.

TL;DR: In this article, surveys of >1200 wadeable stream segments were conducted throughout California during the spring and summer of 2007 through 2013, and revealed a high occurrence of potentially toxigenic benthic cyanobacteria.

TL;DR: The net effect of the synergy between local hydrodynamic conditions, temperature, and N and P availability may help to explain why blooms in the northern Adriatic Sea occur differently from those in other Mediterranean regions.

TL;DR: This is the first study in Brazil that shows that strains from the Geitlerinema genus correspond to at least three phylogenetic lineages, which possibly correspond to three distinct species to be subsequently reclassified.

TL;DR: The importance of understanding differences in growth and toxin production between ecotypes in response to environmental conditions in order to more effectively predict blooms and toxin yields is highlighted.

TL;DR: Allelopathic effects of M. aeruginosa strains on the growth of green alga Chlorella vulgaris and photosynthesis of the co-cultivations of C. vulgaris suggest that global warming may aggravate the ecological risk of cyanobacteria blooms, especially those with toxic species as the main contributors.

TL;DR: Fish gill damage during A. catenella fish-kill events in Chilean fjords cannot be explained by PST toxins, but can to a large extent be accounted for by the synergistic interaction between ROS (superoxide anion) and DHA, and potentially other PUFA, notably under conditions that promote cell lysis.

TL;DR: Differences in the relationships between these HAB types and water quality parameters suggest or provide confirmatory evidence of physiological differences in these species groups in response to nutrients.

TL;DR: The DNA-barcoding approach used in this study is an optimal tool to trace the distribution of cryptic and toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia species and the diversity of this key diatom genus in the natural environment.

TL;DR: A unique combination of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins, spirolides and gymnodimines, of which particularly the latter showed a high intra-specific variability, may add to the success of genotypically diverse A. ostenfeldii blooms, and make populations resilient to changes in environmental and climatic conditions.

TL;DR: In this article, an auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was developed to predict daily chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations, using data from Taihu Lake in China.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that large quantities of intact and toxic Microcystis cells can withstand passage through hydroelectric installations and transport over distances exceeding 300 km, and emphasizes that public health risk assessments should consider the impact of cyanobacterial blooms even when they originate in distant upstream locations within a watershed.

TL;DR: The present study clearly indicates that commercial food supplements based on microalgae such as Spirulina and Chlorella should be subject to strict and routine monitoring before being registered and distributed as some of them may pose a distinct threat to human health.

TL;DR: A dinoflagellate spliced leader-based 454-pyrosequencing technique is employed to generate time-serial expressed sequence tags (EST) throughout a diel cycle during an Alexandrium fundyense bloom in Long Island Sound, demonstrating that metatranscriptomics is an effective approach to unraveling physiological processes conducive to HAB outbreaks.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the extent to which top-down and bottom-up processes controlled the development of Aureoumbra blooms in Florida, nitrogen uptake, nutrient amendment, and seawater-dilution.

TL;DR: It is suggested that higher mean water temperatures resulting from climate change will generally not influence growth rates of Microcystis spp.

TL;DR: The detoxification pathway based upon glutathione (GSH)-conjugation of toxic compounds (phase II) is likely activated, and catalyzed by GST, and this system appeared to be activated in gills probably for the detoxification of PST and/or extra-cellular compounds, produced by A. minutum.

TL;DR: To better elucidate toxicity dependence on direct/indirect contact, the role of the mucilaginous matrix and the potential differences in toxicity along the growth curve of O. ovata, a toxic bioassay during exponential, stationary and late stationary phases is carried out.

TL;DR: The results suggest that phosphorus deficiency blocks the cell cycle due to the inability to complete DNA duplication or check-point protein phosphorylation while still allowing photosynthesis and metabolisms, and that DOP such as ATP can fully complement DIP in P. donghaiense.

TL;DR: The occurrence and the dynamics of two cyanotoxins: microcystin (MC) and anatoxin-a (ANTX-a) and of two of the genes responsible for their production during three consecutive bloom periods (2011, 2012 and 2013) in Lake Aydat (Auvergne, France) are evaluated.

TL;DR: This study investigated under experimental conditions the interactions between O. ovata and three of the most common macroalgae in this area: Dictyota dichotoma, Rhodymenia pseudopalmata and Ulva rigida (green alga).

TL;DR: Preliminary phylogenetic analyses demonstrated how the strains isolated from the Italian lakes were clustered together with other D. lemmermannii strains isolated in Northern Europe, highlighting the ecological heterogeneity that characterizes the order Nostocales.

TL;DR: The results of this study suggest that complex mechanisms, including paralytic shellfish toxins (PST), brevetoxins (PbTx) and a variety of lytic and membrane-disruptive toxins and/or other metabolites, could have been involved in such inimical stage-specific effects.

TL;DR: Overall, A. sanguinea was observed to tolerate conditions amounting to a broad ecological niche with intra-specific variability further broadening tolerable conditions and estimates of in situ loss rates are a critical but missing component of identifying the bloom formation mechanisms of this species.

TL;DR: Results from this study suggest that conditions in the SRE, including elevated K. veneficum abundance and KmTx cell quotas, as well as hypoxia in the upper S RE, likely contribute to seasonal fish kills observed in this system.

TL;DR: No correlation due to the specific hydrodynamics of the lagoon was observed in the spatial distribution of A. pacificum cysts and vegetative cells, and a significant difference in the cyst distribution pattern was recorded among the lagoons' different zones.

TL;DR: Comparisons of circa-1990 and circa-2050 climate scenarios for the environmental conditions that promote Alexandrium blooms suggest future warmer sea surface temperatures in Puget Sound from increased local atmospheric heating will increase the maximum growth rates that can be attained by Alexandrium during the bloom season as well as the number of days with conditions that are favorable for bloom development.

TL;DR: This study reveals the specific clades of bacteria that increase (Rhodobacterales) and decrease (gamma-proteobacteria) in abundance C. polykrikoides during blooms and investigates the correlation between the toxic dinoflagellates and their associated bacterial community composition.