Showing papers in "International Journal of Impact Engineering in 1995"

TL;DR: In this article, a strategy for predicting the extent of internal damage in a brittle carbon fiber laminated composite stucture, when subjected to low velocity impact by a single mass, is described.

TL;DR: In this article, the impact of small spherical projectiles on plain-woven PPTA poly(p-phenylene-terephthalamide) fabric is modeled as a network of viscoelastic fiber elements and a three-element visco-elastic constitutive model is used to represent polymer behaviour Viscoelastic parameters are used to reflect intermolecular and intramolecular bond strengths as well as the static mechanical properties of fibres.

TL;DR: The Stuffed Whipple (SW) shield as mentioned in this paper was developed by NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC) and Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) engineers to enhance the protection of conventional Whipple shields.

TL;DR: In this article, a newly developed analytical model for predicting the impact behavior of soft armours is presented, which can be used to calculate the armour ballistic curve as well as the impact force, the tension in each layer, the displacement and velocity of the layers and projectile, the yarn stresses and strains and the damaged area.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present experimental and numerical results for fully built-in stiffened square plates subjected to blast pressure loading and show that the strain rate sensitive plates exhibit large ductile deformation and tensile tearing failure as the load intensity increases.

TL;DR: In this paper, a time-dependent, cylindrically-symmetric, axial momentum equation is explicitly integrated along the centerline of the projectile and target to provide the equation of motion.

TL;DR: In this article, an experimental configuration designed for studying properties of structural materials within the strain-rate range of 5 × 10 2 −5 × 10 3 s −1 is described, based on the conventional versions of the dynamic testing methodologies using the split Hopkinson bar (SHB) method and modifications of these methods originally proposed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, the dynamic behavior of an inertia-sensitive impact energy-absorbing structure (previously called a Type II structure) under impact is analyzed in detail by taking account of the complicated deformation history involving loading, unloading and reversed loading, the large deformation process is traced completely and the variation of the impact force with time or with the vertical displacement is determined.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors employed the elastic-plastic structural model introduced in part I [1] to trace the dynamic deformation history of Type II structures by incorporating strain-rate effects into the analysis throughout the entire response of the structure.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed penetration equations for rigid spherical-nose rods that penetrate ductile metal targets and compared predictions from their models with previously published penetration data and results from Lagrangian and Eulerian wavecodes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the experimental results pertinent to the penetration of steel plates of varying hardness in the range HV295-HV520 and of thickness 20 and 80 mm by ogive-shaped 20mm-diameter projectiles over the velocity range 300-800 m s −1.

TL;DR: The OLYMPUS satellite lost earth pointing and began spinning, leading to a chain of events which culminated with the satellite's demise on August 11, 1993 at 23:32 Zulu (UT) as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, the Sandia hypervelocity launcher achieved velocities up to 15.8 km/s by using a graded-density assembly to impact a stationary flier-plate.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered the problem of non-steady penetration of a rigid projectile into an elastic-plastic target of finite thickness, and a specific blunt projectile shape in the form of an ovoid of Rankine is used because it corresponds to a reasonably simple velocity field which exactly satisfies the continuity equation and the condition of impenetrability of the projectile.

TL;DR: In this paper, the impact response and energy-absorbing characteristics have been determined by impact-forces and absorbed-energy histories, and by force-displacement relationships by using a guided drop-weight test rig in ascending energy order up to 1500 J.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of impact angle obliquity on final crater morphology have been studied using the hydrocode AUTODYN-3D. The results demonstrate that Lagrangian techniques, when coupled with an erosion algorithm, can be used for hypervelocity impact calculations; however care must be taken to use an appropriate erosion criterion.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the hydrocode AUTODYN2D for the simulation of blast wave interactions with structures, including a comprehensive parametric study including an investigation of the effect of grid size on program output.

TL;DR: In this paper, the penetration behavior of tungsten alloy, long-rod penetrators into high-hard steel is investigated at two impact velocities; 1.25 km/s and 1.70km/s.

TL;DR: In this article, the performance of confined AD995 Alumina against L D 20 tungsten long rod penetrators was characterized through reverse ballistic testing, where the target configuration included a titanium confinement tube and a thick, aluminum coverplate.

TL;DR: In this article, a quasi-static procedure is proposed for estimating the dynamic plastic response and failure of clamped metal beams subjected to low velocity impact at any point on the span by a heavy mass.

TL;DR: In this article, a gas gun was employed to launch 12.7 mm diameter hemispherically-tipped projectiles 35.5 g in weight, and the trajectory history was converted into the force history by using both the optimization and the polynomial curve-fitting methods.

TL;DR: In this paper, the dynamic response of a cylindrical shell made from a rigid, perfectly plastic material is investigated, which is controlled by a cubic yield condition which retains the transverse shear force as well as the circumferential membrane force and the longitudinal bending moment.

TL;DR: In this paper, the issue of generic scaling laws able to adequately predict (within better than 20%) cratering in semi-infinite targets and perforations through finite thickness targets was revisited.

TL;DR: In this paper, the impact velocities of 9.53mm-to 4.80mm-thick, 6061-T6 aluminum sheets were tested and the results of these tests ranged from 1.98km/s to 7.38 km/s.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the Eulerian shock-physics code CTH and its parallel version PCTH to perform 2-E) analyses of penetration and breakup, and 3-D analyses of the growth of the resulting fireball during the first 120 seconds after fragment entry.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the depths, average diameters and circularity indices of over 600 micrometeoroid and space debris impact craters formed in surfaces exposed to space aboard the Long Duration Exposure Facility satellite.

TL;DR: In this article, the oblique impact and fracture of tungsten cubes are simulated using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics code MAGI and a series of experiments with well defined and repeatable results provide the basis for validation of an evolving scalar damage model within SPH.

TL;DR: In this paper, the damage of composite panels under hypervelocity impact is shown to differ significally from that observed for elastoplastic materials, and it is shown that a number of qualititative results may be adequately described by the empirical dependences established earlier for metals.

TL;DR: In this paper, an analytical model is developed from crash test measurements using system identification techniques, which is made up of two parts: a differential equation part consisting of mass, stiffness and damping characteristics, and a transfer function part, consisting of an autoregressive moving average (ARMA) of white noise.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used simulations of cosmic-dust impacts into aluminum targets with 3.2 mm diameter soda-lime projectiles at velocities between 0.7 to 7 km/s.