Showing papers in "International Journal of Infectious Diseases in 1999"

TL;DR: The hypothesis that oral administration of prophylactic Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium infantis to all neonates in an intensive care unit, would decrease the incidence of NEC is examined and support the need for further investigation of bacterial colonization and its role in NEC.

TL;DR: Use of biomass fuels for cooking substantially increases the risk of tuberculosis in India and indicates that, among persons age 20 years and over, 51% of the prevalence of active tuberculosis is attributable to cooking smoke.

TL;DR: The results obtained demonstrate that adults with a primary dengue infection are at risk of developing the severe disease (DHF) if they are infected with a different serotype.

TL;DR: The data support the value of standard fecal examinations in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients, even in the absence of diarrhea, since these examinations easily can be performed, with low costs, and frequently disclose treatable conditions.

TL;DR: The authors analyzed the drug development process with particular emphasis on the top ranking six groups of parasitic diseases in terms of morbidity and mortality and found atovaquone development for malaria would have been endangered if its effectiveness in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related opportunistic infections had not been discovered.

TL;DR: In the authors' experience, corticosteroids have been helpful in severe cases to relieve intracranial pressure as well as neurologic symptoms due to inflammatory responses to migrating and eventually dying worms.

TL;DR: This study demonstrates that itraconazole and amphotericin B given together are not clinically antagonistic and that the promise of combination therapy for aspergillosis should be evaluated further in a randomized clinical trial.

TL;DR: Disease caused by Bordetella parapertussis is diagnosed less commonly and is milder and of shorter duration than disease caused by pertussis, and did not induce serum IgG against pertussi toxin.

TL;DR: Penicillin may no longer be the first-choice drug for empirical treatment of pneumococcal infections and the newer fluoroquinolones may play a role in the empirical treatment in community-acquired pneumonia.

TL;DR: The data confirm the high frequency of CCR5/D32 heterozygosity among Caucasians and the inability to detect the D32 allele among Asians and other Pacific Islander groups suggests that other mechanisms are responsible for resistance to HIV-1 infection in these populations.

TL;DR: The observed high prevalence of multidrug-resistant pneumococci (coupled with high penicillin resistance) with a limited number of circulating serotypes emphasizes the need to further evaluate the conjugate vaccines in children at risk for invasive pneumococcal infection.

TL;DR: The prevalence of HSV-2 infection in Campinas City can be significantly affected by the characteristics of the population studied, as was shown in previous studies.

TL;DR: Results of typing the mupirocin-resistant MRSA from the burn unit with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis indicated that closely related MRSA clones previously circulating in the unit had acquired a high-level mupiracin- resistant plasmid, and spread aided by m upirocin use.

TL;DR: With recognition of the risk factors and more careful management, the prognosis of P. aeruginosa bacteremia in neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies has improved in recent years.

TL;DR: A number of open clinical trials and compassionate-use protocols suggest that lipid-based forms of amphotericin B can achieve good response rates with minimal toxicity in patients with a variety of invasive mycoses, including those who have proved refractory or intolerant to previous therapy with conventional amphoteric in B.

TL;DR: Diarrhea is the most common gastrointestinal symptom in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and it affects up to 90% of patients, becoming more frequent and severe as the immune system deteriorates.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that, besides the well-known sources of infection, such as blood transfusion and intravenous drug use, surgical procedures may play an important role in the spread of HCV infection in Italy.

TL;DR: It is proposed that an intoxication similar to neurolathyrism could account for some of TSP/HAM cases, mainly in tropical and subtropical countries, and it is possible that co-infection with another agent is necessary to produce T SP/HAM and most of the syndromes associated with HTLV-I.

TL;DR: In the presence of a normal CRP concentration (below 10 mg/mL) acute bacterial meningitis is excluded even in a developing country setting and antimicrobial therapy is not warranted.

TL;DR: Preliminary observations suggest that in large cities of Brazil, a high proportion (at least 39%) of disseminated M. avium infections in patients with AIDS results from a recent transmission.

TL;DR: Analysis of national surveillance data and a seroepidemiologic investigation were conducted to elucidate the causes and epidemiologic characteristics of a measles outbreak in Taoyuan, Taiwan, 1994, finding that measles vaccination coverage was inadequate to block measles virus circulation.

TL;DR: Plasmodium vivax is the most common cause of imported malaria, with the majority acquired from the Indian subcontinent, and only a few patients presented with severe malaria.

TL;DR: On noninvasive samples, ITSs nested PCR was more sensitive than mt-rRNA PCR, and it confirmed the diagnosis in all patients with PCP.

TL;DR: Two cases of typhoid fever that occurred in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are described, a rarely reported disease association in industrialized countries, although it is expected to be greater in developing areas of the world.

TL;DR: This article reviews data on hepatitis G virus prevalence and possible disease associations in various groups of patients, and presents the history of the discovery of HGV, its molecular biology and some methods of detection.

TL;DR: To determine if injection drug use and high-risk heterosexual activity (HRHA), principal modes of acquiring HIV-1 infection, place individuals at greater risk of acquiring TTV, data indicate no clear association between acquisition of TTV infection and risk behavior for HIV- 1 or HCV infection.

TL;DR: Patients who were alcoholic, over 60 years of age, or had congestive heart failure were vulnerable to severe pneumococcal infection with significant mortality, in spite of proper selection of empirical antimicrobials.

TL;DR: Use of G- CSF or GM-CSF was associated with improved survival to discharge among hospitalized HIV-infected patients with neutropenia, by means of a retrospective cohort study at an urban teaching hospital.

TL;DR: The authors retrospectively compared the experience at two similar medical centers that differ in their approach to VRE control to establish their respective utilities in limiting nosocomial transmission of VRE.