Showing papers in "Journal of Affective Disorders in 1992"

TL;DR: The conventional distinction between organic and functional impairment breaks down in severe depressive illness and the implications for clinical neuropsychological testing and the anatomy of the brain dysfunction in depressive illness are discussed.

TL;DR: The Dutch version of EPDS was found to be a self-rating scale with good psychometric characteristics which measures what it claims to measure: the strength of depressive symptoms.

TL;DR: Findings suggest that major depressive episodes arising from a hyperthymic temperament are 'genotypically' closer to Bipolar II defined by hypomania, and course-wise similar to other unipolars.

TL;DR: Brain phosphorus metabolism was measured in patients with depressive disorders and found that high energy phosphate metabolism, intracellular pH and membrane phospholipid metabolism are altered in depressive disorders.

TL;DR: It is proposed that depressive illness may be characterised by two processes: one leads to an overall reduction in anterior neocortical function, perhaps related to symptom severity, and the other mechanism is manifest as relatively increased function, most notably within cingulate and frontal areas of the cerebral cortex in association with psychotic symptoms.

TL;DR: It is concluded that lithium may have specific anti-suicidal properties, possibly related to its anti-aggressive effect, and that patients apparently not responding satisfactorily in terms of reduced number of episodes may still be protected against suicide or parasuicide.

TL;DR: Increased plasma concentrations of Hp, alpha 1AT, and Cp in major depressed subjects as compared with healthy controls, with minor depressives exhibiting an intermediate position, are compatible with the hypothesis that major depression may be accompanied by inflammatory changes with higher levels of positive APPs.

TL;DR: There was a trend for ECT to be superior to combination drug therapy, with bilateral ECT being suggested as distinctly more effective than unilateral, and ECT was demonstrated to be significantly superior to tricyclic drug alone.

TL;DR: Dysthymic disorder was usually of early onset, predating comorbid disorders, and had often not received adequate antidepressant treatment, and was associated with particular axis II diagnoses.

TL;DR: In this sample of women, life stress led to postpartum depression irrespective of the subject's past history and the high rates of recurrence of affective or schizoaffective psychosis probably mainly reflected a pre-existing physiological or psychological vulnerability which may have been exacerbated by, or contributed to, marital difficulties.

TL;DR: The data suggest that large portions of personality and/or behavior, e.g., higher order dimensions of Novelty Seeking and Reward Dependence, can be relatively independent from current mood, and the Harm Avoidance dimension covaries with mood and anxiety.

TL;DR: It is found that major depression with atypical features may constitute a distinct subtype based on cross-sectional and 1-year prospective data from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study.

TL;DR: It is found that patients were characterized by inferior memory recall compared to controls when 5 learning trials were given, which suggests that the memory deficits that are present in many depressive subjects may be restricted to impaired active retrieval from memory.

TL;DR: It is concluded that as a screening instrument, the relative shortness of theGHQ-28 is a considerable advantage over the SCL-90, however, the GHQ-12 may be an even better alternative.

TL;DR: This study examines whether similar patterns of personality are found in relatives of affective disorder patients and of controls, and proposes that these traits are either risk factors for depression or attenuated forms of depression.

TL;DR: In a 2 year study of life events and relapse in a cohort of 62 patients with bipolar affective disorder, an excess of events was found during the month immediately preceding relapse.

TL;DR: This study indicates that temperature and sunlight duration are specifically associated with the probability of violent suicide, while deaths due to non-violent causes (such as non- violent suicides) did not show any relationship to climatic factors.

TL;DR: It is concluded that CSF CRH elevation may be present in some patients with major depression independent of age and an underlying dementia disorder.

TL;DR: Overall, manic episodes appeared to have a more deleterious effect on social relationships than depressive episodes.

TL;DR: Pretreatment PDE diagnoses typically were not confirmed when patients were reassessed following effective treatment with cognitive behavior therapy, providing strong empirical support for the wisdom of deferring definitive assessment of Axis II until an acute depressive disorder has been optimally treated.

TL;DR: It is suggested that a series of 5-HT-related biological parameters are altered in endogenous depression and tend to normalize with imipramine treatment leading to clinical recovery.

TL;DR: Data demonstrate a marked action of fluvoxamine as 5-HT uptake inhibitor at therapeutic doses and confirm that this mechanism is relevant for its efficacy as antidepressant drug.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the suppression of non-REM sleep intensity is the common pathway in the set of experimental data on the antidepressant effects of sleep manipulations.

TL;DR: The value of a new scale for rating depressive mental state signs, and a large series of symptoms and risk factors, in distinguishing between 27 age and sex-matched pairs of bipolar and unipolar patients diagnosed as melancholic on several diagnostic criteria are examined.

TL;DR: There was no difference between the antidepressant response to light and to placebo, and several possible explanations were discussed including an inadequate 'dose' of light, an unusual sample of patients, and a placebo mechanism.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that the fundamental rhythm disturbance in depression may be a weakening of the coupling processes between internal pacemakers and an abnormal sensitivity to environmental information.

TL;DR: Overall PRL responses were significantly enhanced following pharmacotherapy irrespective of therapeutic outcome as a strong inverse relationship was established, for the combined studies, between basal CORT plasma concentrations andPRL responses.

TL;DR: The study provides evidence that both drugs, in the dosages used, are superior to placebo in the acute phase of panic disorder in treatment-naive subjects concurrently receiving appropriate psychotherapy.

TL;DR: It is shown that cortisol infusion raises mood significantly in major depression, that plasma beta-endorphin concentration is a potential marker of major depression and that rather than blunting of corticosteroid effects, responses to cortisol may even be enhanced in depressive illness.

TL;DR: The increase in the number of the various B cells was highly sensitive and specific for melancholia, which may indicate B cell proliferation in depression, and particularly in melancholia.