Showing papers in "Journal of Clinical Epidemiology in 1995"

TL;DR: The analytical effect of the number of events per variable (EPV) in a proportional hazards regression analysis was evaluated using Monte Carlo simulation techniques for data from a randomized trial containing 673 patients and 252 deaths, in which seven predictor variables had an original significance level of p < 0.10.

TL;DR: Research review has long been one of the most important scholarly activities in all branches of science and there is a need for reviewers to carefully consider the evidence and to put forth conclusions or hypotheses about where the weight of the evidence lies.

TL;DR: The research is presented in two parts: Part I describes the data set and strategy used for the analyses, including the Monte Carlo simulation studies done to determine and compare the impact of various values of EPV in proportional hazards analytical results.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the prescription claims database in Québec may represent one of the most accurate means of determining drugs dispensed to individuals and there may be limitations in using this database for dosing information.

TL;DR: This study demonstrates that, in at least one out of 36 consecutive meta-analyses the exclusion of papers for linguistic reasons produced results different from those which would have been obtained if this exclusion criteria had not been used.

TL;DR: A method is developed to estimate Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves, thereby taking account of possible test threshold differences between studies, and to highlight important defects in quality and how they affect summary estimates.

TL;DR: Low serum and dietary Mg may be related to the etiologies of CVD, hypertension, diabetes, and atherosclerosis.

TL;DR: Worldwide, hundreds of thousands of premature deaths a year could be avoided by seeking large-scale randomized evidence about various widely practicable treatments for the common causes of death, and by disseminating such evidence appropriately.

TL;DR: Application of the technique to the randomized control trials of streptokinase treatment of acute myocardial infarction, reduction of peri-operative mortality by antibiotic prophylaxis, and prevention of death from bleeding peptic ulcers has revealed efficacy years before it was suspected by any other means.

TL;DR: It is suggested that a condition-specific spinal stenosis measure is preferable as the primary end point in evaluative studies of degenerative lumbar spinal stenose, and statistical approaches that assess the ability to distinguish clinically important changes and overall responsiveness statistics ranked the measures consistently.

TL;DR: The motivation for undertaking the present survey was to determine the incidence, the distribution, and the clinical features of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes in children under 16 years old, in a well-defined population-based study.

TL;DR: To achieve this goal, scientists search for substances that have been suitably purified, and try to work with mixtures that are homogeneous, not heterogeneous.

TL;DR: An analysis of mortality and hospitalization data from the National Center for Health Statistics for aortic aneurysm in the United States in 1979-1992 was performed to assess effects of diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive interventions.

TL;DR: The careful but rapid translation procedure used in this study may be an effective alternative to full-scale cultural adaptations when resources are limited and the instrument retained excellent psychometric properties even when used in a generally very healthy group.

TL;DR: Factors in addition to earlier acquisition of mucoid PA may contribute to the poorer survival of female CF patients, including better percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 sec and better survival.

TL;DR: In this paper, diagnostic questions about stress and urge incontinence were validated against a final diagnosis made by a gynecologist after urodynamic evaluation, and an epidemiological survey was performed, using similar questions, and correcting the answers for lack of validity.

TL;DR: The known biologic mechanisms support the conclusion that moderate drinking increases the lifespan and no precise limits of optimal or safe drinking can be recommended, but trials are needed to ascertain these limits.

TL;DR: Use of fish oil improved the number of tender joints and duration of morning stiffness at 3 months as analyzed by both meta- and mega-analysis.

TL;DR: It is concluded that after taking sociodemographic factors and case definition into account, estimates of migraine prevalence are remarkably stable among studies.

TL;DR: A procedure for stepwise calculation of attributable fractions is outlined to study the effect on risk of disease of preventing several exposures, one at a time, in different orderings, using data from a cross-sectional study on the prevalence of some frequent symptoms of lung disease.

TL;DR: The authors describe the design of such a "real world" randomized trial comparing newer antidepressants with older alternatives and use available data on the cost-effectiveness of new antidepressant drugs to illustrate the limitations of these methods.

TL;DR: The diminishing SRH-survival association among women is consistent with their longer period of declining health beforedeath, and the constant relative hazard is also consistent with a rapid decline in health before death among men.

TL;DR: A multicenter international case-control study has been designed to elucidate the etiology of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis, with particular attention to the unique challenges for an epidemiologic study of these conditions.

TL;DR: The male:female ratio and the increase with age found were in line with earlier work, but overall prevalence was much higher at almost 10 per 1000; the increase found in the prevalence of gout may be related to an increase in obesity in the population.

TL;DR: A study of item bias in standard cognitive screening measures was conducted in a sample of Afro-American, Hispanic and non-Hispanic white elderly respondents who were part of a dementia case registry study to identify biased items.

TL;DR: It is concluded that a low level of physical strength might be significantly correlated with subsequent health outcomes in men and no such relationship was seen between physical-strength level and an excess risk of death in women.

TL;DR: Data do not support the idea that ascorbic acid supplementation (500 vs. 10 mg twice daily) speeds up the healing of pressure ulcers, and relative healing rates and healing velocities did not show favorable results.

TL;DR: The Deyo-adapted Charlson Index performed least well of the four indices in the prediction of length of stay and 30-day mortality for patients undergoing total knee replacement surgery between 1985 and 1989, and the Relative Intensity Score and Patient and Severity Level result in the greatest improvement in measures of model fit.

TL;DR: An historical perspective of statistical methods for combining the results of independent studies is provided and an example of a meta-analysis is used to illustrate all alternative analyses that should be considered for conducting aMeta-analytic study.