Showing papers in "Journal of Dairy Science in 1999"

TL;DR: Estimates of the mixture of fuels constituting metabolizable energy in cows during the early postpartum period suggest that supply of amino acids and glucogenic compounds may be under proposed optima, whereas ketogenic and lipogenic compounds and long-chain fatty acids may be in excess.

TL;DR: Twenty-four multiparous dairy cows were blocked by days in milk and assigned to six balanced 4 x 4 Latin squares with 21-d periods, suggesting that this was the optimal level for utilization of dietary NPN from alfalfa silage and other sources.

TL;DR: Effects of the digestibility of neutral detergent fiber from forage on performance of dairy cows were evaluated statistically using treatment means for 13 sets of forage comparisons reported in the literature, finding differences in NDF digestibilities of forages in situ or in vitro were greater than when measured in vivo.

TL;DR: Cows grazing pasture and receiving no supplemental feed had 500% more conjugated linoleic acid in milk fat than cows fed typical dairy diets (Experiment 1).

TL;DR: Use of genetic engineering and other techniques to increase the range and level of anticarcinogens in pasture and supplements may increase the anticancer potential of milk.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the first test day milk yield and the fat to protein ratio were more reliable indicators of disease, fertility, and milk yield than was body condition score or loss of body condition Score.

TL;DR: Source of inoculum affected in vitro DM digestibility; the grass hay donor cow diet resulted in lower digestibility values in six of the 10 feeds tested, and there were no significant source by method interactions.

TL;DR: Genetic parameters were estimated by restricted maximum likelihood with an animal model on first lactation data of 29,284 French Holstein cows for clinical mastitis, lactation somatic cell score, milking ease, production, and nine udder type traits to indicate that both traits were genetically favorably associated.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the isolated acid- and bile-tolerant isolates possess growth advantages over that of the parents under stress conditions and may be considered as candidates for probiotic strains after further characterization with animal models.

TL;DR: The results demonstrated the benefits of using a fibrolytic enzyme additive to enhance feed digestion and milk production by dairy cows.

TL;DR: Whey peptides in a yogurt-like product fermented by Lactobacillus helveticus CPN4 were fractionated by a Sep-pak C-18 cartridge followed by two-step reverse-phase HPLC and the only peptide that showed strong antihypertensive activity had a sequence of Tyr-Pro, which is found in alpha s1-casein, beta-CN, and kappa-CN.

TL;DR: Two selected strains, Lactobacillus casei and L. plantarum, improved fermentation quality but did not inhibit the growth of silage yeast or aerobic deterioration of the silage.

TL;DR: Investigating effects of exogenous fibrolytic enzyme supplementation on dry matter intake, milk production, and digestibility in multiparous lactating Holstein cows in early lactation found it has the potential to enhance milk yield and nutrient digestibility of cows inEarly lactation without changing feed intake.

TL;DR: It is established that bile salt hydrolase activity in bifidobacteria is, in general, much higher than in lactobacilli.

TL;DR: Cows recognized individual people, and the fear of people who are present during milking may reduce milk yield.

TL;DR: The effects of milk fever, ketosis, and lameness were studied using data from 23,416 Finnish Ayrshire cows that calved in 1993 and were followed for one lactation to model the association among the repeated measurements.

TL;DR: Risk factors for the incidence rate of clinical mastitis were studied in 274 Dutch dairy herds and a strong positive correlation existed between the incidence rates of clinicalmastitis caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae and that of Staph.

TL;DR: The similarity of response for the different conjugated linoleic acid supplements did not allow us to identify the specific role of different isomers, but the changes in milk fatty acid composition indicated that effects were primarily on de novo fatty acid synthesis and the desaturation process.

TL;DR: A strategy was developed to use ruminal pH values from a subsample of cows to distinguish between groups fed either a low or higher forage diet and had the lowest theoretical error rate for herds with either a high or low prevalence of cows with a lowRuminal pH.

TL;DR: The results suggest that fecal persistence may not necessarily reflect in vivo colonization and may not be a prerequisite for all forms of immune reactivity.

TL;DR: Support that soil was the major contamination source was found by comparison of genetic fingerprints by random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction of isolates of B. cereus from soil and milk and by teat cleansing experiments, which resulted in reduced contamination levels in milk.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of enhanced in vitro neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility of corn silage on dry matter intake (DMI) and milk yield were evaluated using 32 Holstein cows in a crossover design with 28-d periods.

TL;DR: The induction of a mucosal immune response is not easy due to the development of oral tolerance, but under some conditions, bacteria can activate this immune system and certain lactic acid bacteria are able to induce specific secretory immunity and others will enhance the gut inflammatory immune response.

TL;DR: Nineteen lactation trials (43 grain processing comparisons) are summarized, in addition to digestibility and postabsorptive metabolism studies, and based on lactational performance, steam-flaked sorghum grain is of equal value to steam- Flaked corn, and steam-Flaked corn is superior to steam -rolled corn.

TL;DR: Variation among strains in the ability to deconjugate sodium taurocholate was not significantly different, and statistical analysis showed no significant correlation between bile tolerance and sodium t TauroCholate deconjugation, bileolerance and cholesterol-binding ability, or sodium tAUrochol deconjugations and cholesterol -binding ability.

TL;DR: Management style and its association with bulk milk somatic cell count (SCC) and the incidence rate of clinical mastitis were studied in 300 Dutch dairy herds and the most striking difference between farmers of herds with low and high bulk milk SCC was that the first group worked precisely rather than fast; the latter group of farmers worked quickly rather than precisely.

TL;DR: Heat stress before and after breeding, and on the day of breeding, is associated with low 90-d NRR.

TL;DR: Regardless of the time of occurrence during the lactation, mastitis had a long-lasting effect on milk yield; cows with mastitis did not reach their premastitis milk yields during the remainder of the lactations after onset of the disease.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the addition of fumarate to ruminant feed reduces methanogenesis and enhances propionate production in the rumen.

TL;DR: The spectral region and sample thickness were found to be significant factors for milk fat and total protein determination but not the lactose determination, and different treatments of spectral data did not improve the calibrations for fat and protein.