Showing papers in "Journal of Dairy Science in 2007"

TL;DR: Because plant extracts may act at different levels in the carbohydrate and protein degradation pathways, their careful selection and combination may provide a useful tool to manipulate rumen microbial fermentation effectively.

TL;DR: Optimal model systems for assessing effects of various management and nutritional strategies on ruminal acidosis will require technologies that allow feed intake patterns, ruminal conditions, and animal health and performance to be measured simultaneously in a large number of cattle managed under conditions similar to commercial feed yards.

TL;DR: Indices with higher weights on humidity were best in the humid climate, whereas indices with larger weights on temperature were the best indicators of heat stress in the semiarid climate.

TL;DR: This research is the first to show that social behavior may play an important role in transition cow health and research is now required to determine how management should be changed to reduce or prevent illness in transition dairy cows.

TL;DR: Two of the 9 extant equations evaluated predicted CH4 production adequately, however, the new models based on more commonly determined values showed an improvement in predictions over extant equations.

TL;DR: A reduction in the ability of the liver to cope with the increased metabolic demand near parturition in dairy cows can be diagnosed using changes in baseline plasma PON.

TL;DR: Relatively simple interventions have the potential to significantly reduce the impact of dystocia on calf mortality and morbidity on dairy farms and education of farm management and personnel in strategies to reduce dystokia and its effect on calf health should be a priority.

TL;DR: This review highlights many fruitful directions for research, aimed at the development of strategies for nutritional management of reproduction in the high-producing subfertile dairy cow.

TL;DR: Overall, accounting for both repeated measures within cow and clustering at the herd level, non-pregnant cows after first insemination tended to have increased circulating BHBA concentrations from 3 wk before calving to 9 wk after calving relative to pregnant cows.

TL;DR: Results from this study showed limited effects of MEO supplementation on nutrient utilization, ruminal fermentation, and milk performance when cows were fed diets containing either AS or CS as the sole forage source.

TL;DR: It can be inferred that although improvements have been made with regard to colostrum management and quality, there is still a need to educate producers on issues related to storage and timely feeding of colostrums to increase passive transfer and decrease the rate of calf morbidity and mortality.

TL;DR: The objective of this study was to develop a method to quantify antimicrobial drug usage and treatment practices on conventional and organic dairy farms that had been recruited to represent a broad spectrum of potential exposure to antimicrobial drugs.

TL;DR: Step milk feeding may prevent the problems of depressed solid feed intake associated with ad libitum milk feeding and of poor BW gain with conventional milk feeding in dairy calves.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify and quantify relationships between body condition score (BCS) and body weight (BW) in dairy cows with reproduction variables in pasture-based, seasonal-calving dairy herds.

TL;DR: The SF6 tracer technique is reasonably accurate for inventory purposes and for evaluating the effects of mitigation strategies on CH4 emissions, and was higher for the SF6 technique than for the chamber technique.

TL;DR: Results indicate that a period on pasture can be used to help lame cattle recover probably because pasture provides a more comfortable surface upon which cows stand, helping them to recover from hoof and leg injuries.

TL;DR: The shedding of Coxiella burnetii in bovine, caprine, and ovine milk was measured using PCR, in 3 herds for each species, the bulk tank milk samples of which were positive at the time of their selection, underscoring the lack of sensitivity of the ELISA tests available for veterinary diagnosis.

TL;DR: Investigation of the changes in chemical composition, nitrogen fraction distribution, and AA profile of milk samples obtained during lactation from the Jiangyue breed of donkey in Northwest China demonstrated that donkey milk is rich in beta-lactoglobulin and lysozyme.

TL;DR: Information on available sensory tests, when and how to use them, and the powerful results that can be obtained is presented.

TL;DR: When cows had access to fewer freestalls, there was increased competition for stalls, increased time standing outside the stalls, and reduced lying time.

TL;DR: Greater feed consumption, BW gain, and structural growth, and a more metabolically and physically developed rumen were observed in calves on the STEP method than in those on the conventional method.

TL;DR: It is argued that dairy cattle have greater intakes of readily available carbohydrate combined with increased ruminal passage rates, thus reducing the negative effects of bacterial predation compared with the beneficial effects that protozoa have on stabilizing the entire microbial ecosystem.

TL;DR: It is concluded that, under the conditions imposed, feeding additional concentrate prepartum does not reduce postpartum RA, and the incidence and severity of RA increases immediately post partum, emphasizing the need to develop and implement feeding strategies that reduce this risk.

TL;DR: The results suggest that grain-induced SARA in mid lactation dairy cows increases the lysis of gram-negative bacteria and activates an inflammatory response.

TL;DR: DMI was identified as the principal component of EB influencing subsequent fertility and results indicate that milk protein content and plasma IGF-I concentration in early lactation may be useful indicators of reproductive efficiency.

TL;DR: The finding that activity shifts occur around a temperature-humidity index of 68 supports the use of more aggressive heat-abatement strategies implemented at an activation temperature of around 21 degrees C.

TL;DR: The seasonal pattern over a 4-yr period of Bulk milk somatic cell count, ICSCC, IRCM, and pathogen-specific clinical mastitis data was determined, with a seasonal effect present in all parameters.

TL;DR: Results clearly indicated that components of the innate immune response are activated in PBL during the period of pregnancy recognition and early embryo signaling.

TL;DR: This study indicates that major epidemic Staph.

TL;DR: Alternative methods such as UHPH may give new opportunities to develop fluid milk with an equivalent shelf life to that of PA milk in terms of microbial and physicochemical characteristics.