Showing papers in "Marine Policy in 2009"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify the wicked problem as a governability issue and propose a framework to locate the wicked problems within the fisheries and coastal governance system, as well as examine their governability.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that even well-managed coastal fisheries will only meet the demand in 6 of 22 Pacific island countries and territories (PICTs) and propose to increase local access to tuna and develop small-pond aquaculture to provide food security.

TL;DR: In this article, a new definition of bycatch is proposed, which is defined as "catch that is either unused or unmanaged" and applied to global marine fisheries data conservatively indicates that bycatch represents 40.4 percent of global marine catches.

TL;DR: This paper examined the influence of patterns of emergence on the effectiveness of the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC), a leading wild-capture fisheries certification program and concluded that fisheries certification alone is unlikely to arrest the decline of fish stocks, and highlighted the need for more research on the intersection of private and public efforts to address overfishing and environmental harm resulting from fishing.

TL;DR: The performance of 33 countries was evaluated for ecosystem-based management (EBM) of fisheries in three fields (principles, criteria and implementation) using quantitative ordination including uncertainty.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the relationship between the catch value, the cost of fishing, and the quota lease price in the BC halibut fishery, long considered a poster child for ITQs.

TL;DR: A review of the available information (observer programs, estimates, statutes, regulations) for bycatch of marine mammals, sea turtles, and seabirds in fisheries of the United States is presented in this article.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the level and nature of scientific and commercial interest in marine genetic resources, including in areas beyond national jurisdiction, and examine the changing perspectives of the scientific community in relation to the potential of marine GA resources.

TL;DR: In Hong Kong, there has been an active program in Hong Kong to manage and protect local populations of small cetaceans from the effects of massive development in the area as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, the decision support tool Marxan is applied to a reef system in the central Philippines where 30 marine protected areas (MPAs) have been established in communities without much use of biophysical data.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed and analyzed changes in policy towards small-scale fisheries in Vietnam over the last two decades, and recommended actions include improved fisheries statistics, resources for provincial fisheries staff, and a coordinated and integrated approach involving a mixed strategy of resource management; resource restoration; economic and community development; and new governance arrangements.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a survey-based approach to evaluate public and stakeholder attitudes towards the environmental performance of aquaculture and found marked regional variations in attitudes towards salmon farming, while the results of the stakeholder survey raise issues over how far the preferences of particular interest groups are truly representative of the community as a whole.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the frameworks being developed to co-manage coral reefs in Kenya and Madagascar and compare the degree to which these two frameworks contain 10 key design principles thought to be important for successful commons institutions.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the journey of an indigenous co-management initiative within a marine protected area (MPA), the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area (GBRWHA), Australia, to explore how different management paradigms intersect with both negative and positive results.

TL;DR: In this article, the resilience of coastal communities from external factors such as coastal hazards, possibly associated with climate change, reductions in natural capital often caused by over-fishing and invasive species, and drivers that act to change local and regional economic conditions leading to changes in employment and inequality.

TL;DR: In the face of growing calls for no-take marine protected areas (NTMPAs) and the development of a UK legal framework for them, fishing industry and related perspectives on the equity, justice and power issues raised by such designations are explored.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors represent water quality by three different attributes, coastal cod stock level, bathing water quality, and biodiversity level, and carry out a choice experiment among residents on the Swedish west coast to estimate the economic benefits of improved coastal water quality.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined human reliability with reference to all accidents involving Greek-flagged ships during 1993-2006, a time-scale that spans over the pre- and post-ISM period.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report on the outcomes of a project that engaged researchers and fishers together in adapting participatory social science approaches to the purposes and the constraints of community-based fisher organizations.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the potential for effective conservation action for arctic marine mammals. But, they focus on the potential threats from six areas of human influence: climate change, environmental contaminants, offshore oil and gas activities, shipping, hunting and commercial fisheries.

TL;DR: The Pentland Firth, located between the north coast of mainland Scotland (UK) and the Orkney Islands, is recognised as an excellent location for the utilisation of tidal stream technology as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: This article conducted a survey of public awareness of marine environmental issues within the context of the UK's National Maritime Museum and concluded that there are significant opportunities to develop the Museum's role in raising public awareness and support for environmental issues.

TL;DR: In this article, an explicit hierarchy of management objectives is developed in collaboration with key managers and policy makers, and a large survey of stakeholders involved in Australian Commonwealth fisheries management was undertaken to determine stakeholder preferences relating to these objectives.

TL;DR: In this paper, a recent study of the CO2 emissions associated with the production of farmed salmon in Norway, following the life cycle from hatching to consumption, is presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, the socioeconomic and ecological context of Fijian reef fisheries is reviewed and the most important point that emerges from the review is that despite numerous studies of Fiji's reef fisheries, the current status of reef-associated fisheries at the national level is still uncertain due, mainly, to the lack of dependable data on the subsistence fisheries.

TL;DR: In this article, a non-parametric approach using a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model was applied to a sample of trawls in order to estimate their economic capacity, and related measurements were taken.

TL;DR: In this article, a marine management plan was drawn up to define the management objectives, strategies to maintain major species, and methods for ecosystem monitoring in the Shiretoko World Natural Heritage area.

TL;DR: In this article, the performance of 16 community-based coastal resource management (CBCRM) programs in the Philippines was assessed using a meta-analysis of eight indicators that represented the perceptions of local resource users.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the determinants of the number of deficiencies and the probability of detention of vessels in the Indian Ocean MoU region from 2002 to 2006, and found that the main contributors to detention are the age of the vessel at inspection (40%), the recognized organization (31%), and the place where the inspection occurs (17%).

TL;DR: In this paper, the feasibility of a self-financing mechanism for marine protected areas (MPA) by estimating potential surplus benefit that recreational users may gain from MPAs in Jamaica is discussed.