Showing papers in "Molecular Aspects of Medicine in 2006"

TL;DR: An overview of the classes of molecules present in plants is provided and some examples of the types of molecules and secondary metabolites that have led to the development of these pharmacologically active extracts are given.

TL;DR: The scientific, medical, and diagnostic communities have been presented the most powerful tool for quantitative nucleic acids analysis: real-time PCR, a refinement of the original Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) developed by Kary Mullis and coworkers in the mid 80:ies.

TL;DR: In this review, the importance of RNA quality for the qRT-PCR was analyzed by determining the RNA quality of different bovine tissues and cell culture and on the basis of the derived results it can be argued that qRT -PCR performance is affected by the RNA integrity and PCR efficiency in general is not affected byThe RNA integrity.

TL;DR: Results clearly show that the LAMP proteins fulfil functions far beyond the initially suggested roles in maintaining the structural integrity of the lysosomal compartment.

TL;DR: Understanding the structural basis and the molecular mechanisms by which ER transduce E2 signals in target cells will allow to create new pharmacologic therapies aimed at the treatment of a variety of human diseases affecting the cardiovascular system, the reproductive system, and the skeletal system.

TL;DR: Autophagy not only serves to produce amino acids for ongoing protein synthesis and to produce substrates for energy production when cells become starved but autophagy is also able to eliminate defective cell structures and for this reason the process may be implicated in several diseased states.

TL;DR: A survey of the current state-of-the-art in the application of the real-time PCR technology to virus analysis is provided, and advantages and limitations of the RQ-PCR methodology, and quality control issues related to standardization and validation of diagnostic assays are discussed.

TL;DR: Special features of autophagy regulation in the brain are discussed, its suspected roles in neurodevelopment and plasticity, and recent progress toward understanding how dysfunctional Autophagy contributes to neurodegenerative disease are discussed.

TL;DR: Recent evidence supporting the participation of CMA in the clearance of oxidized proteins in the forefront of the cellular response to oxidative stress is reviewed.

TL;DR: Lipofuscin-loaded lysosomes, in turn, poorly turn over mitochondria that gradually leads to the overload of long-lived postmitotic cells with "garbage" material, decreased adaptability and eventual cell death.

TL;DR: Characteristics of the autophagy of peroxisomes in mammalian cells are discussed and a comprehensive model of their likely mechanism of degradation on the basis of known and common elements from other systems is presented.

TL;DR: It has been shown that autophagy is the only tier of defence against the accumulation of effete mitochondria and peroxisomes and that functioning of autophagic declines with increasing age and determinates cell and individual lifespan.

TL;DR: Interestingly, the aggregates formed by mutant huntingtin sequester and inactivate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a key negative regulator of autophagy, results in induction of Autophagy in cells with these aggregates.

TL;DR: This review covers the main features of macroautophagy regulation by nutrients, in particular amino acids as well as glucose and vitamins, and its mechanisms, focusing primarily on the mammalian hepatocyte, which has been extensively utilized to dissect signaling pathways underlying the regulation of macro autophagy.

TL;DR: This review summarizes all of the experimental data published to date utilizing the rt-IPCR method for various analytes and describes the molecular scaffold formats, solid formats, instrument detection systems, and probes/primers or fluorescent dyes used in these assays.

TL;DR: According to this hypothesis, it is shown that life-long weekly administration of an anti-lipolytic drug decreases glucose and insulin levels, stimulates autophagy and intensifies anti-aging effects of submaximal CR.

TL;DR: An assessment of the practical value to the clinician of RT-PCR-based molecular diagnostics concludes that there is an urgent need for standardisation at every level, starting with pre-asset sample acquisition and template preparation, assay protocols and post-assay analysis.

TL;DR: Trying to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of LMD, the main problems related to specimens collection and processing, section preparation and extraction of bio-molecules from microdissected tissue samples have been analysed.

TL;DR: This review will focus on real-time PCR protocols that are suitable for genotyping monogenic diseases with particular emphasis on applications to prenatal diagnosis, non-invasive prenatal diagnosis and preimplantation genetic diagnosis.

TL;DR: The utility of the LightUp technology will be illustrated by examples from cytomegalovirus quantification and monitoring of the viral load of the SARS Coronavirus and an example of cancer diagnostics by detection of altered gene expression patterns will also be shown.