Showing papers in "Neurobiology of Disease in 2022"

TL;DR: In this article , the authors used REM-sleep behavior disorder (RBD) as a clinical identifier to distinguish between body-first and brain-first PD patients, and explored the literature to evaluate clinical and imaging differences between these proposed subtypes.

TL;DR: A review of the current literature on sTREM2 regarding its origin, genetic variation, and possible functions as a biomarker in neurological disorders and as a potential active player in CNS diseases and target for therapies is presented in this paper .

TL;DR: A review of the current state of knowledge on the BDNF biology and its neurotrophic role in the proper development and functioning of neurons and synapses in two important brain areas of postnatal neurogenesis, the cerebellum and hippocampus, is provided in this article .

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used a multispectral immunofluorescence (MILF) dataset to study the expression of Iba1, TMEM119 and P2RY12 on a single-cell level.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors present a model of TLE in mice with robust convulsive seizures, and there is variable progression of the severity of these seizures in both male and female mice.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated whether (R)-ketamine could affect demyelination in CPZ-treated mice and remyelification after CPZ withdrawal, and they found that repeated treatment with (R]-ketamine (10 mg/kg/day, twice weekly, for 6 weeks) significantly ameliorated demyeling and activated microglia in the brain compared with saline-treated mouse.

TL;DR: In this article , a novel strategy consisting of the localization of pre-determined astrocyte and neuronal gene clusters in publicly available whole-brain transcriptomes was employed to optimize the detection of genes in Alzheimer's disease.

TL;DR: The most common genetic risk factor for PD are variants in the GBA gene, encoding the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase), which is involved in sphingolipid metabolism as mentioned in this paper .

TL;DR: In this article , the role of α-synuclein (α-syn) in the immune response to pathogens has been investigated and shown to play a role in the development of synucleinopathies.

TL;DR: A review of the role of primary cilia and ciliary signaling pathways in aging and age-related brain disorders can be found in this article , where the authors summarized current findings and thoughts.

TL;DR: This article provided an overview of the evidence that glutamatergic overactivity is a critical mechanism underlying different PD-associated striatal alterations in early and advanced symptomatic stages of the disease.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors highlight the recent knowledge of the roles of autophagy in neuronal health and disease, and summarize the available evidence about the normal functions of autoophagy as a protective factor against neurodegeneration.

TL;DR: In this article , the potential pathological role of NVU dysregulation in the entry of pathogens from the blood into the parenchyma by altering the blood-brain barrier (BBB), affecting the cerebral microvascular and consequently cause VCI.

TL;DR: In this paper , it was shown that the internalization of neuronal mitochondria is significantly increased in astrocytes isolated from Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse brains, and that the degradation of neuronal mtria by the same type of cells is increased in AD mice at the age of 6 months.

TL;DR: Andrews et al. as discussed by the authors reviewed some early evidence of endo-lysosomal dysfunction in AD pathogenesis and discussed the role of selected AD-associated risk genes in this pathway.

TL;DR: In this paper , the effects of α-tocopherol (vitamin E) in correcting the pathophysiological alterations in PL2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN) cell cultures were examined in fibroblasts and induced neurons generated by direct reprograming.

TL;DR: In this article , the metabolic crosstalk between the three major glial cell types, oligodendrocytes, astrocyte, and microglia, with neurons under physiological conditions is investigated.

TL;DR: A review of the literature in this field, exploring a range of research methodologies including quantifying markers of inflammation in cerebrospinal fluid, peripheral blood, post-mortem brain tissue, and using neuroimaging and preclinical data, is presented in this article .

TL;DR: In this article , a systematic review of preclinical studies aimed to investigate the possible gut microbiota contribution in neuropathy and neuropathic pain is presented. But, the most of these reports showed significant changes in the gut microbiota setting in neuropathic conditions and the major gut microbiome remodeling was through fecal microbiome transplantation.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used affinity purification to isolate mFAs and physiological SGs and compare their protein composition, finding that proteins within mFs form significantly more physical interactions than those in SGs, however mFs fail to recruit many factors involved in signal transduction.

TL;DR: In this article , the impact of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype on microglial function has been thoroughly investigated, showing that E4 microglia exhibit altered morphology, increased endolysosomal mass, increased cytokine/chemokine production, and increased lipid and lipid droplet accumulation at baseline.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated the progression of neuroinflammation, protein aggregation and DAn loss in C57Bl/6 mice by exposing animals to 2.5 mg/kg/day rotenone for 14 days, followed by a two-week period where neuro inflammation is allowed to progress.

TL;DR: In this paper , a co-ultramicronized combination of N-palmitoylethanolamide and luteolin (PEALut) was investigated in a mouse model of thalamic hemorrhage (TH)-induced CPSP.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors explore the mechanisms by which IBS can influence the risk and severity of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, and neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety.

TL;DR: In this paper , a rapamycin-dependent oligomerization system was used to direct LRRK2 to various endomembranes including the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, the plasma membrane, recycling, early, and late endosomes.

TL;DR: In this article , the relative importance of brain tissue volume, age, and AD marker status (i.e., APOE genotype, brain amyloidosis, tauopathy, and cognitive status) in predicting CSF NfL was investigated.

TL;DR: A review of the evidence of a relationship between the gut microbiome and the excitability or activity of neurons in the context of epilepsy is presented in this paper , focusing particularly on evidence of direct, causal microbiome effects on neuronal excitability, but also considering demonstrations of microbiome to host interactions that are likely to have an indirect influence.

TL;DR: In this article , a review discusses factors that influence the gut microbiome and the gut brain axis in females, and highlights studies that have investigated the role of dysbiosis in age-related neurodegenerative disorders that have included females in their study design.

TL;DR: In this paper , a genuine high-order functional connectivity (HOFC) approach was developed to capture interactions between 3 or more regions across spatiotemporal scales, delivering a more biologically plausible characterization of the pathophysiology of neurodegeneration.

TL;DR: In this paper, the current status of our knowledge of morphological and electrophysiological alterations of those pathways in animal models of huntington's disease is examined, and there is accumulating evidence that synaptic disconnection, particularly along excitatory pathways, is pervasive and almost universal in HD, thus supporting a critical role of the huntingtin protein in synaptic transmission.