Showing papers in "Personality and Individual Differences in 1993"

TL;DR: Frost et al. as mentioned in this paper compared two recently developed measures of perfectionism: the FFM scale and the Other-Oriented scale and examined their relationship to each other, as well as to measures of affect.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the relationship between sensation seeking and impulsivity, appraisal of risk in several areas including crime, financial, social violations, sports, and risk of AIDS from sexual activity, and risky behavior in the same areas.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated sex differences in strategies for route-learning, controlling for visual-item memory and found that females remembered more landmarks both on and off the route than males.

TL;DR: In this article, a questionnaire for the measurement of the Big Five Factor Model (which includes the factors Extraversion, Agreeableness or Friendliness, Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability or Neuroticism, and Intellect or Openness to Experience) is presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the construction and validation of a new scale for measuring coping strategies entitled the Coping Styles Questionnaire (CSQ), which extracts factors concerned with problem-solving, emotion (Emotional Coping, EMCOP), avoidance and distancing or detachment.

TL;DR: The Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA) as mentioned in this paper is a multidimensional measure of loneliness, which measures the emotional and social isolation of adults.

TL;DR: In this paper, three different collections of ideas, or ideational pools, were organized on stimulus cards, with the number of original and appropriate ideas systematically manipulated in each, and judges were asked to sort the pools according to three different criteria: originality, appropriateness and creativity.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the relevance of selected personality variables, namely Eysenck's factors of extraversion, psychoticism and neuroticism, and the psychological well being factor of self-esteem to the tendency to bully and to be victimized.

TL;DR: In this article, it was hypothesized that individuals may have a predisposition for "reinvestment" of controlled processing, which will lead to skill failure under stress as a result of disruption of the automatic functioning of the skill.

TL;DR: The EMI as discussed by the authors is a 44-item, multidimensional instrument designed to test theoretically derived predictions concerning the influences of personal exercise on goals exercise participation, including stress management, weight management, re-creation, social recognition, enjoyment, appearance, personal development, Affiliation, Ill-Health Avoidance, Competition, Fitness, and Health Pressures.

TL;DR: In this paper, the reliability and validity of the Life Regard Index (LRI), a 28-item scale which was designed to assess positive life regard, degree of experienced meaningfulness of one's life.

TL;DR: In this paper, the interrelations of a standardized, multidimensional measure of social skills and various self-report measures related to the psychosocial adjustment of college students were examined.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a representative list of 162 political issues currently discussed in Germany and the German NEO-FFI to 184 subjects (45% university students). Principal components analysis of the attitude items reveals four factors which are interpreted as general conservatism, preference for authoritarian punitiveness, social welfare and support of women's equality, liberalism and affirmation of technological progress, and the affirmation of increase in taxation for environmental protection and the development of East Europe.

TL;DR: The results suggest that while some reproduction-related behaviors are associated in a proximate sense with heritable personality and health-related factors, this association does not ultimately translate into predictable differences in total number of children.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the personality correlates of convicted and non-convicted drivers and found that convicted drivers attained high Psychoticism, low Neuroticism scores, as well as high Thrill and Boredom susceptibility scores.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the performance of 24 high anxiety and 24 low anxiety students on a grammatical reasoning task performed under two simultaneous memory load conditions and found that the high anxiety group did indeed show disproportionately long decision latencies on this reasoning task.

TL;DR: The authors compared the impact of explicit and standard instructions on six tests of divergent thinking and found that only the scores elicited by explicit instructions were significantly correlated with creativity activities and accomplishments.

TL;DR: In this paper, a test of the relationships between personality, cortical arousal and performance predicted by arousal theory was conducted in a sample of 181 subjects, including Eysenckian personality questionnaires, EEG power spectra, and tests of perception, information-processing, ability and psychomotor function.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the possible implications of school age hyperactive behavior problems on later adjustment and found that hyperactive behaviour in childhood was significantly related to subsequent alcohol problems as well as to later violent offending.

TL;DR: In this article, two studies were done comparing the preferences of high and low sensation seekers for nature paintings representing different styles, showing that high sensation seekers like tension evoking paintings and are more tolerant of ambiguity in style than low sensations seekers.

TL;DR: In this article, a latent state-trait model for social desirability is proposed, that takes into account method factors as well as systematic effects of the situation of measurement and the person-situation interaction.

TL;DR: The concept of cognitive inhibition is reviewed together with experimental evidence in both clinical and non-clinical samples Two negative priming experiments are described in which obsessive-compulsive disordered (OCD) subjects are consistently distinguished from all other categories of anxiety disorder as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: The short form Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (REQ) was completed by 126 undergraduate students together with the Francis scale of attitude towards Christianity and the data are consistent with the findings from a series of studies employing the same measure of religiosity among school pupils as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the Zahlen-Verbindungs-Test (ZVT), a trail-making test in which subjects draw lines to connect, in order, circled numbers from 1 to 90 which are positioned more or less randomly on a piece of paper.

TL;DR: This article found that regardless of ascertainment method, gender, initial level of conservatism, education or geographical location, conservatism scores escalate rapidly during the fifth decade of life, indicating a consistent age pattern was noted.

TL;DR: A review of the literature concerned with the empirical functioning of Eysenck's neuroticism scales confirms two general findings: females invariably score more highly on neuroticism than males as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated whether strategies that people use to handle stressful situations cluster into global coping styles and whether such coping styles would be related to subjective health parameters and found that the "instrumental mastery-oriented coping" and "cognitive defence" factors played a positive moderating role in the effect of stressful situations on subjective health.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated to what extent this theoretical structure is capable of predicting adaptational processes in a sample of East German migrants during their first year after moving to West Germany.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the effect of moderate exercise on self-rated mood and other behaviors, and found that walking produced increased energy and reduced urge to smoke or snack, and the walks approximately doubled the time before smoking the next cigarette or eating the next snack in free smoking and snacking conditions.

TL;DR: For instance, this article found that the most central components of social intelligence include cognitive aspects (e.g. understanding others, knowing social rules) as well as behavioral aspects (dealing with people, social adaptability), load together on a distinct factor in peer ratings, and are independent of two other peer rating factors, Social Influence and Social Memory.