Showing papers in "Preventive Medicine in 2007"

TL;DR: The study results highlight the importance of various potential public policy measures for improving access to supermarkets that may serve to reduce systematic local area barriers that are shown to exist by race, ethnicity and income.

TL;DR: Cross-sectional data showed a consistently positive association between physical activity level and health-related quality of life, but limited evidence from randomized controlled trials and cohort studies precludes a definitive statement about the nature of this association.

TL;DR: HPV vaccine programs in the United States should emphasize high vaccine effectiveness, the high likelihood of HPV infection, and physicians' recommendations, and address barriers to vaccination.

TL;DR: The proposed Mediterranean Diet Score may be useful in detecting individuals prone to the development of nutrition-related health conditions and cardiovascular disease.

TL;DR: The study found that a majority of the English population have multiple lifestyle risk factors at the same time and the clustering of multiple risk factors provides support for multiple-behavior interventions as opposed to single- behavior interventions.

TL;DR: Children's PA pattern is highly transitory and intermittent whatever its intensity, and physical activity assessed with a sampling interval related to children's behavior may improve the understanding of their PA patterns.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided that healthy but sedentary individuals who take up a programme of regular brisk walking improves several known risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

TL;DR: The results suggest that a playground redesign, which utilizes multicolor playground markings and physical structures, is a suitable stimulus for increasing children's school recess physical activity levels.

TL;DR: Assessment of the effect of combined failures in the process of care must be done in comprehensive audit studies to avoid missed opportunities to prevent invasive cervical cancer.

TL;DR: ASQ has good to excellent reliability in the measurement of a broad range of sedentary behaviors among young people and has good face validity, but further validity testing is required to provide a complete assessment of the instrument.

TL;DR: Pat navigation and counseling driven by a structured clinical algorithm are highly effective strategies to improve diagnostic resolution follow-up among low-income, ethnic minority women with abnormal mammograms.

TL;DR: Tailored interventions, particularly those that employ the Health Belief Model and use a physician recommendation, are effective in promoting mammography screening.

TL;DR: The common perception that overall physical activity levels are declining may be over-simplistic as despite the decreases in occupational physical activity, there is a clear upward trend in sports participation.

TL;DR: Socioeconomic inequalities in food purchasing are not mediated by differential availability of recommended foods and differences in price between recommended and regular foods in supermarkets, or by perceptions of their relative price, however, differential perceptions of the availability of recommendation foods may play a small role in food Purchasing inequalities.

TL;DR: A website-delivered intervention, including computer-tailoring, was able to increase physical activity when compared to a no-intervention control group, indicating that engagement and retention are important challenges in e-health studies.

TL;DR: The extent to which increases in the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and severe obesity have contributed to the increase in diabetes prevalence among U.S. adults between 1976-1980 and 1999-2004 is examined.

TL;DR: Exercisers were more satisfied with their life and happier than non-exercisers at all ages and this association appears to be mediated by genetic factors that influence both exercise behavior and well-being.

TL;DR: Investigating the relationship between perceived family support and other selected correlates of physical activity (PA) with changes in PA over time found maintenance of support from family members may reduce the decline in PA independent of girls' self-efficacy and perceived behavioral control.

TL;DR: It is suggested that clean indoor air ordinances lead to a reduction in hospital admissions for coronary heart disease, thus reducing health care costs, and support the hypothesis that the ordinance had a significant impact on admission rates for coronaryHeart disease.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the incidence of disability and its risk factors in multiple dimensions in community-dwelling women and men of older age, between 1990 and 1999, in Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

TL;DR: Economic support for youth sports and informing parents on ways to encourage adolescents' physical activity are recommended to ensure equal opportunities for youths to participate in different physical activities.

TL;DR: The long-term association between leisure-time physical activity and health- related quality of life changes is limited and has little clinical significance, especially for men and for the physical health-related quality ofLife dimensions.

TL;DR: Outdoor physical activity mediates the relationship between fear of falling and actual outdoor falls and implies that the incidence of falls as an outcome in studies does not adequately represent the impact of risk factors for falls and that level of physical activity should be taken into account.

TL;DR: Interventions that increase self-efficacy and enjoyment of PE could result in greater participation in structured PA and higher overall PA levels among adolescent girls.

TL;DR: Lifestyle interventions for primary prevention in the general public should focus on both increasing physical activity and the prevention of excess adiposity, although the optimal exercise dose and body composition for preventing chronic inflammatory processes is not well established.

TL;DR: An association between decreased physical activity, increased sleeping hours and metabolic syndrome was found and no association was found between cigarette smoking, alcohol intake and the metabolic syndrome.

TL;DR: Several of the variables predicting physician counseling also predict US medical students' reporting counseling (especially personal health practices and specialty type), and the avidity with which medical schools encourage students to be healthy significantly influences their reported patient counseling.

TL;DR: Investigating whether socioedemographic factors are related to cervical cancer screening in Toronto found recent registrants, a largely immigrant group, have particularly low rates, falling below those dictated by evidence-based practice.

TL;DR: In this health-conscious population, greater longitudinal declines in total and high-intensity LTPA are independent predictors of all-cause mortality in men.

TL;DR: Inadequate knowledge and misconceptions on cervical cancer and HPV were common and apart from promoting HPV vaccination, cervical cancer prevention should also include strategies to promote knowledge and minimize the stigmatizing effect of a sexually transmitted HPV infection.