Showing papers in "Process Biochemistry in 1991"

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of xylose concentration upon fermentation was determined for Pichia stipitis and three other yeasts, and an effective method of hydrolysate treatment employing neutralization with NaOH and activated charcoal was established.

TL;DR: The relative contributions from strain development, nature of substrate, substrate concentration and cultivation conditions on the improvements in enzyme production with Trichoderma species were found to be of the same order of magnitude.

TL;DR: The authors reviewed different types of bioreactor which have been described and used for various purposes, incorporating several modification for improved operation and performance for solid-state fermentations, which have gained importance recently due to several advantages over submerged fermentations.

TL;DR: In this article, a kinetic study on the anaerobic digestion of olive mill wastewater (OMW) was carried out in a semicontinuous, well-stirred fermenter with microorganisms immobilized on clayey supports.

TL;DR: Results of many investigation show that the use of micro gel beads is a very practical and effective method of overcoming the problem of providing sufficiently high oxygen transfer rates to the immobilized cells.

TL;DR: In this paper, β-Galactosidase was attached through its amine groups to aldehyde-glass, and the intrinsic kinetic constants (V max and K M ) and coupling parameters for the immobilization were calculated.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review examines data on the functions of essential metal ions and their role in metalloenzymes and a calculation to determine the balanced growth media is discussed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the three major ways to describe liquid chromatography are presented, i.e., the continuity equations, the theory of interferences and the plate theory, and the numerical ways of solving the differential equations stated by the different models are also considered.

TL;DR: Mannitol was a preferred substrate and batch growth on mannitol followed by fed-batch DHA production on glycerol avoided the inhibitory effects due to substrate and product and led to an optimised D HA production process.

TL;DR: In this paper, the cellulases induced by 1 g partially saccharified newspaper were used for cellulase production, and a total yield of 10−11 g fermentable sugars was obtained, from a total of 16 g office paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the canteen and mess wastes (CMW) were used for biogas generation in a 200 l Khadi and Village Industries Commission of India digester and a high gas yield of 0·981 m3 kg−1 volatile solids (VS) with a methane content of 50% was obtained.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a pulsed plug flow extractor to extract amyloglucosidase from mouldy bran obtained from a solid-state fermentation system.

TL;DR: The soy sauce made by the bioreactor system was similar to a conventional one in regard to chemical components and the quality of flavour.

TL;DR: A pilot-scale production process for a recombinant protein including fermentation, cell harvest, disintegration, extraction, diafiltration and freeze-drying are described, yielding an overall recovery of 37%.

TL;DR: In this paper, two downflow reed beds, with two treatment stages, have been added in front of a previously installed horizontal flow bed on a dairy farm to treat parlour washings and standing yard wastewater.

TL;DR: In this article, individual and combined effect of five minerals, which exist as the major part of ash in the milk and whey were studied as they affect the gross yield of lactose crystallization.

TL;DR: In this article, the pH and temperature optima of these arabinoxylan-degrading enzymes were determined and β-xylanase, p- nitrophenyl xylosidase, α- l -arabinofuranosidase and acetyl esterase remained stable at 55°C for h.

TL;DR: Yeast extract had a significant effect on the final concentration and the final yield of the acid per unit of substrate consumed but not on the product formation rate, and the addition of K2HPO4 did not improve significantly the production of propionic acid.

TL;DR: Protease inhibition by the addition of phenylmethyl sulphonyl flouride resulted in enhanced activities of ligninase and amylase beyond the 9th day, suggesting an effect of protease on lignInase andAmylase activity.

TL;DR: Studies using the coacervate capsules for plant cell immobilization showed that plant cells were more viable in the water soluble chitosan salt containing coacovate capsules than in acid soluble ch itosan salts containing coACervate Capsule.

TL;DR: In this article, a comparative study between a CSTR with cell recycle and an air-lifted CSTR was carried out in 30 l capacity reactors for metal solubilization from anaerobically digested sludge.

TL;DR: In fed-batch culture, the enzymes tested, namely avicelase, CMCase, cellobiase and xylanase showed significant improvements over batch fermentations with regard to enzyme titres and productivities.

TL;DR: The influence of both the initial N:P ratio and temperature on the growth of Tetraselmis sp.

TL;DR: Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cultivated using by-products and wastes of potato and wheat starch production in batch and continuous cultures and the performance of continuous cultures is considerably better than that of batch cultures.

TL;DR: In this article, two multistage methods of sugar extraction from carob pods were compared with a single stage extraction/pressing process, and a comparison of the calculated diffusion coefficients showed that the enhanced yield in the recycle flow process resulted from a decrease of a diffusion limitation observed in static operation.

TL;DR: In this article, a model which predicts the filtrate flux and the pressure drop over the length of a cross-flow hollow-fibre microfilter is presented, and data from a series of 128 experimental runs were fitted using a multi-variable, non-linear regression program.

TL;DR: Cyclosporin is unique among the presently available immunosuppressive drugs in that it reversibly inhibits only some classes of lymphocytes and does not affect haemopoietic tissues (bone marrow).

TL;DR: The mechanical resistance of the coated beads was higher and the biomass leakage lower than with uncoated controls while the bioactivity and the mass transfer resistance were similar, suggesting that coated beads may be of use in bioreactor systems.

TL;DR: In this article, the malting loss increased with days of germination but decreased with increased concentration of potassium bromate, and a concentration of 125 mg/litre of Bromate was found to be optimal after 5 days of malting.

TL;DR: Fermentation media containing different concentrations of glycerol were used in batch and continuous fermentations to investigate the effect of increasing broth osmolality on growth and fermentation rates of Zymomonas mobilis at the high operational temperature of 40 °C and immobilized cells showed a lower threshold inhibition level for both growth and productivity when compared with free cells, but a higher tolerance for Osmolalities above 5·0 os/kg.